Can someone explain me how does this javascript code works please? - javascript

Given a JavaScript function that takes in an array of numbers as the first and the only argument.
The function then removes one element from the array, upon removal, the sum of elements at odd indices is equal to the sum of elements at even indices. The function should count all the possible unique ways in which we can remove one element at a time to achieve balance between odd sum and even sum.
Example var arr = [2, 6, 4, 2];
Then the output should be 2 because, there are two elements 6 and 2 at indices 1 and 3 respectively that makes the combinations table.
When we remove 6 from the array
[2, 4, 2] the sum at odd indexes = sum at even indexes = 4
if we remove 2
[2, 6, 4] the sum at odd indices = sum at even indices = 6
The code below works perfectly. There might be other solutions but I want to understand this one, because I feel there is a concept I have to learn here. Can someone explain the logic of this algorithm please?
const arr = [2, 6, 4, 2];
const check = (arr = []) => {
var oddTotal = 0;
var evenTotal = 0;
var result = 0;
const arraySum = []
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; ++i) {
if (i % 2 === 0) {
evenTotal += arr[i];
arraySum[i] = evenTotal
}
else {
oddTotal += arr[i];
arraySum[i] = oddTotal
}
}
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; ++i) {
if (i % 2 === 0) {
if (arraySum[i]*2 - arr[i] + oddTotal === (arraySum[i - 1] || 0)*2 + evenTotal) {
result = result +1
};
} else if (arraySum[i]*2 - arr[i] + evenTotal === (arraySum[i - 1] || 0)*2 + oddTotal) {
result = result +1
}
}
return result;
};

Related

I need to know regarding this question related to prefix sum

var subarraySum = function(nums, k) {
let obj = {
0: 1
};
let count = 0;
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
sum += nums[i];
if (obj[sum - k]) {
count += obj[sum - k];
}
obj[sum] = ++obj[sum] || 1;
}
return count;
};
console.log(subarraySum([1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1, 3], 4))
console.log(subarraySum([1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1, 3], 5))
Question statement: Given an array of integers nums and an integer k, return the total number of subarrays whose sum equals to k. A subarray is a contiguous non-empty sequence of elements within an array.
Why did we define obj as {0 : 1}?
And what exactly is happening when you write obj[sum-k]?
More comments in the code. First I simplified some statements meant to confuse. Then we are left with the pure algorithm. The idea is keeping a total and all the totals we have so far as "seen before". If at any point we find current total to be "seen before" + k it means we found a total k sub group
var subarraySum = function(nums, k) {
// obj counts true or false for *every* sum we accomulate
let obj = {
0: 1
};
let count = 0;
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
sum += nums[i];
// if we encounter a seen before difference between sum and k
// it means we have a "sum-k subgroup" thus far.
// example:
// consider we encounterd 1, 2, 3, 4 so we encounterd 10, right?
// we keep going then we a point of sum 15
// it means we must have since the last 10 found a subgroup of sum 5
if (obj[sum - k]) {
// so we found one
count++
}
// mark current sum as encountered = true
obj[sum] = 1;
}
return count;
};
console.log(subarraySum([1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 3], 5))
.as-console-wrapper {
max-height: 100% !important
}

Finding the highest divisible sum of elements in an array Javascript

I need to find the highest possible sum of numbers in an array passed to a function that can be divided with no remainder.
I am struggling to think of a way of iterating through an array of elements adding up all the possibilities and dividing by the parameter k which is the number for the division.
I thought of using a for loop and then passing the result to a variable on each iteration.
The part I can't get my head around is how to add all the possible combinations of the numbers in the array. As I can add them sequentially from the start of the array to the last element but not in all combinations such as element at index 0, element at index 3 etc.
I am fairly new to coding, explanations of how you could tackle the iteration challenge I have would be much appreciated.
function luckyCandies(prizes, k) {
let sum = 0;
let remainder = 0;
let maxCandies = 0;
let highestNumber = 0;
prizes.sort(function(a, b) {
return b - a;
});
for (let i = 0; i < prizes.length; i++) {
sum = sum + prizes[i];
}
for (let i = 0; i < prizes.length; i++) {
if (sum % k == 0) {
sum = sum - prizes[i];
}
}
console.log(sum);
return sum;
}
Implemented this solution for your use case based on the answers in this.
In the given link the solutions are for the highest possible sum of numbers given the divisible 3 but it won't be a problem since there is a proper in detailed explanation.
const maxSumDivByNo = (A, no) => {
const K = Array(no).fill().map((v,i) => 0);
for (let x of A) {
let pre = [...K]; // create current from previous 🤔
for (let y of pre)
K[(x + y) % no] = Math.max(K[(x + y) % no], x + y); // add A[i] (ie. x) onto each previous bucket and update each current bucket to max of itself and the current sum (x + y)
}
return K[0]; // max sum of all N items of A which is evenly divisible by no 🎯
};
const A = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
const no = 5;
console.log(maxSumDivByNo(A, no)); // --> 15
const A1 = [1, 6, 2, 9, 5];
const no1 = 8
console.log(maxSumDivByNo(A1, no1)); // --> 16

How to Remove any consecutive sequence in Javascript?

I am trying to solve this.
Nominal Case:
For the array[1,2,3,5,2,4,7,54], and the number 6. The sequences[1,2,3] and [4,2] will be removed because the add up to 6. function will return [5,7,54]. If two sequences overlap, remove the first sequence.
Overlapping Case:
For the array [1,2,3,9,4,1,4,6,7] and the number 5, the sequence [2,3,] and [4,1] are removed because they add up to 5. For the [4,1] case. you see that [4,1,4] represents two overlapping sequences. because [4,1] adds up to 5 first is removed and the 4 is not removed even through [1,4] adds up to 5. We say that [4,1] and [1,4] overlap to give [4,1,4] and in those cases the first of the overlapping sequences is removed . functin will return [1,9,4,6,7]
function consecutive(arr, len, num) {
var newarr = [];
for (let i = 1; i < len; i++) {
var sum = arr[i] + arr[i + 1];
if (sum == num) {
newarr.push(arr[i]);
newarr.push(arr[i + 1]);
}
}
return newarr;
}
let arr = [1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 4, 7, 54];
let len = arr.length;
let num = 6;
console.log(consecutive(arr, len, num));
Get Wrong Output
[2,4]
You could store the target index of wrong items and if no one to filter out check the next elements if they sum up to the wanted value.
function consecutive(array, num) {
return array.filter(
(wrong => (v, i, a) => {
if (i <= wrong) return false;
let sum = 0, j = i;
while (j < a.length) {
if ((sum += a[j]) === num) {
wrong = j;
return false;
}
j++;
}
return true;
})
(-1)
);
}
console.log(consecutive([1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 4, 7, 54], 6));

Mini-Max Sum HACKERHANK JS, why isn't working?

I don't know what's wrong, my function miniMaxSum isn't summing 1+3+4+5. At the end, the result array turns into this [ 14, 12, 11, 10 ], when it should looks like this [ 14, 13, 12, 11, 10 ]
function miniMaxSum(arr) {
let results = [];
let actualValue = 0;
let skipIndex = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
//skip actual index
if (i == skipIndex) continue;
actualValue += arr[i];
//restart the loop
if (i == arr.length - 1) {
skipIndex++;
results.push(actualValue);
actualValue = 0;
i = 0;
}
}
console.log(results);
console.log(Math.min(...results), Math.max(...results));
}
console.log(miniMaxSum([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]));
You're over-complicating your algorithm by trying to check whether you should add the current number to the overall sum or not. Instead, all you need to do is run a loop over your array, to sum up all your elements in your array. This will give you the total sum of all your elements. Then, again, iterate through your array. For each element in your array subtract it from the sum you just calculated and push it into a new array. This will give you the sum if you were to not use the number in the ith position. You can then find the min/max of this using JavaScript's Math.min and Math.max functions.
Here is an example using .reduce() and .map() to calculate the final result:
const miniMaxSum = arr => {
const sum = arr.reduce((s, n) => n+s, 0)
const results = arr.map(n => sum - n);
return [Math.min(...results), Math.max(...results)];
}
const [min, max] = miniMaxSum([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
console.log(min, max);
If you prefer standard for loops, here is an implementation of the above in a more imperative style:
const miniMaxSum = arr => {
let sum = 0;
for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { // sum all elements
sum += arr[i];
}
let results = [];
for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
results[i] = sum - arr[i]; // sum minus the current number
}
return [Math.min(...results), Math.max(...results)];
}
const [min, max] = miniMaxSum([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
console.log(min, max);
Assuming you're talking about this question.
Whenever you want to restart the loop, you're setting i=0 but observe that you also have increment statement i++ in for loop so, effectively i starts from 1, not 0. You need to set i=-1 so that i=-1+1 = 0 in subsequent iteration. After doing this, you need to handle a corner case. When skipIndex==arr.length-1, check if i == arr.length-1. If yes, do results.push(actualValue); for the last value and then for loop terminates because i < arr.length is false in next iteration.
Code:
function miniMaxSum(arr) {
let results = [];
let actualValue = 0;
let skipIndex = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
//skip actual index
if (i == skipIndex){
if(i == arr.length - 1)
results.push(actualValue);
continue;
}
actualValue += arr[i];
//restart the loop
if (i == arr.length - 1) {
skipIndex++;
results.push(actualValue);
actualValue = 0;
i = -1;
}
}
console.log(results);
console.log(Math.min(...results), Math.max(...results));
}
miniMaxSum([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
Output
[ 14, 13, 12, 11, 10 ]
10 14

Find the smallest sum of all indexes of unique number pairs summing to a given number

I want to loop through an array and then add each value to each other (except itself + itself) and if the sum of the two values that were looped through equals the second argument in my function, and the pair of values hasn't been encountered before, then remember their indices and, at the end, return the full sum of all remembered indices.
In other words, the problem statement is: given an array A of integers and a second value s that is a desired sum, find all pairs of values from array A at indexes i, j such that i < j and A[i] + A[j] = s, and return the sum of all indexes of these pairs, with the following restriction:
don't reuse value pairs, i.e. if two index pairs i, j and k, l satisfying the above conditions are found and if A[i] == A[k] and A[j] == A[l] or A[i] == A[l] and A[j] == A[k], then ignore the pair with the higher index sum.
Example
For example, functionName([1, 4, 2, 3, 0, 5], 7) should return 11 because values 4, 2, 3 and 5 can be paired with each other to equal 7 and the 11 comes from adding the indices of them to get to 11 where:
4 + 3 = 7
5 + 2 = 7
4 [index: 1]
2 [index: 2]
3 [index: 3]
5 [index: 5]
1 + 2 + 3 + 5 = 11
Example #2
functionName([1, 3, 2, 4], 4) would only equal 1, because only the first two elements can be paired to equal 4, and the first element has an index of 0 and the second 1
1 + 3 = 4
1 [index: 0]
3 [index: 1]
0 + 1 = 1
This is what I have so far:
function functionName(arr, arg) {
var newArr = [];
for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
for(var j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++) {
if((arr[i] + arr[j]) === arg ) {
newArr.push(i , j);
}
}
}
if(newArr.length === 0) {
return console.log(0);
}
return console.log(newArr.reduce(function(a,b){return a + b}));
}
functionName([1, 4, 2, 3, 0, 5], 7);
The problem I have is that it all works but I have the issue that once it finds a pair that equals the second argument, then it's not supposed to use the same value pairs again but mine does, e.g.:
if the array is [1,1,1] and the second argument is 2, the loop will go through and find the answer but it continues to search after it finds the sum and I only want it to use the pair [1, 1] once, so if it finds a pair like this at indexes [0, 1] then it should not include any other pair that contains the value 1.
I was thinking that i could remove the rest of the values that are the same if more than 2 are found using filter leaving me with only 2 of the same value if there is in an array thus not having to worry about the loop finding a 1 + 1 twice but is this the best way to go about doing it?
I'm still new to this but looking forward to your comments
PS I'm planning on doing this using pure JavaScript and no libraries
Link to a JS fiddle that might make things easier to see what I have.
https://jsfiddle.net/ToreanJoel/xmumv3qt/
This is more complicated than it initially looks. In fact, making a loop inside a loop causes the algorithm to have quadratic time complexity with regard to the size of the array. In other words, for large arrays of numbers, it will take a very long time to complete.
Another way to handle this problem is to notice that you actually have to use each unique value in the array only once (or twice, if s is even and you have two s/2 values somewhere in the array). Otherwise, you would have non-unique pairs. This works because if you need pairs of numbers x and y such that x + y = s, if you know x, then y is determined -- it must be equal s - x.
So you can actually solve the problem in linear time complexity (to be fair, it's sometimes n*log(n) if all values in A are unique, because we have to sort them once).
The steps of the algorithm are as follows:
Make a map whose keys are values in array A, and values are sorted lists of indexes these values appear at in A.
Move through all unique values in A (you collected them when you solved step 1) in ascending order. For each such value:
Assume it's the lower value of the searched pair of values.
Calculate the higher value (it's equal to s - lower)
Check if the higher value also existed in A (you're doing it in constant time thanks to the map created in step 1).
If it does, add the lowest indexes of both the lower and the higher value to the result.
Return the result.
Here's the full code:
function findSumOfUniquePairs(numbers, sum) {
// First, make a map from values to lists of indexes with this value:
var indexesByValue = {},
values = [];
numbers.forEach(function (value, index) {
var indexes = indexesByValue[value];
if (!indexes) {
indexes = indexesByValue[value] = [];
values.push(value);
}
indexes.push(index);
});
values.sort();
var result = 0;
for (var i = 0, maxI = values.length; i < maxI; ++i) {
var lowerValue = values[i],
higherValue = sum - lowerValue;
if (lowerValue > higherValue) {
// We don't have to check symmetrical situations, so let's quit early:
break;
}
var lowerValueIndexes = indexesByValue[lowerValue];
if (lowerValue === higherValue) {
if (lowerValueIndexes.length >= 2) {
result += lowerValueIndexes[0] + lowerValueIndexes[1];
}
} else {
var higherValueIndexes = indexesByValue[higherValue];
if (higherValueIndexes) {
result += lowerValueIndexes[0] + higherValueIndexes[0];
}
}
}
return result;
}
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([1, 4, 2, 3, 0, 5], 7) + '<br>'); // 11;
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([1, 3, 2, 4], 4) + '<br>'); // 1
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([1, 1, 1], 2) + '<br>'); // 1
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([1, 1, 1, 1], 2) + '<br>'); // 1
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1], 4) + '<br>'); // 7
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([5, 5, 1, 1, 1], 6) + '<br>'); // 2
document.write(findSumOfUniquePairs([0, 5, 0, 5, 1, 1, 1], 6) + '<br>'); // 5
This works, but it mucks up the initial array.
function functionName(arr, arg) {
var newArr = [];
for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
for(var j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++) {
if((arr[i] + arr[j]) === arg ) {
newArr.push(i , j);
arr[i] = null;
arr[j] = null;
}
}
}
if(newArr.length === 0) {
return console.log(0);
}
return console.log(newArr.reduce(function(a,b){return a + b}));
}
Solution with loops with restart, if a sum is found. the found summands are stored in usedNumbers and later sorted and used to get the index for summing the index.
The sorting and the last index provides the correct start position for the Array.prototype.indexOf.
Edit:
what about [1,1,1,1], 2 ... should that be 6 or 1? – Jaromanda X 21
#JaromandaX that should be 1, after the pair is found with the values then it shouldn't look for a pair with the same values again – Torean
This version takes care of the requirement.
function f(array, sum) {
var arrayCopy = array.slice(0),
usedNumbers = [],
index = 0,
indexA = 0,
indexB,
a, b;
while (indexA < arrayCopy.length) {
indexB = indexA + 1;
while (indexB < arrayCopy.length) {
a = arrayCopy[indexA];
b = arrayCopy[indexB];
if (a + b === sum) {
usedNumbers.push(a, b);
arrayCopy = arrayCopy.filter(function (i) { return a !== i && b !== i; });
indexA--; // correction to keep the index
break;
}
indexB++;
}
indexA++;
}
return usedNumbers.sort().reduce(function (r, a, i) {
index = array.indexOf(a, i === 0 || a !== usedNumbers[i - 1] ? 0 : index + 1);
return r + index;
}, 0);
}
document.write(f([1, 4, 2, 3, 0, 5], 7) + '<br>'); // 11
document.write(f([1, 1, 1], 2) + '<br>'); // 1
document.write(f([5, 5, 1, 1, 1], 6) + '<br>'); // 2
document.write(f([0, 5, 0, 5, 1, 1, 1], 6) + '<br>'); // 5
document.write(f([1, 1, 1, 1], 2) + '<br>'); // 1
The solution below is very compact. It avoids unnecessary checks and loops only through the relevant elements. You can check the working codepen here:
http://codepen.io/PiotrBerebecki/pen/RRGaBZ.
function pairwise(arr, arg) {
var sum = 0;
for (var i=0; i<arr.length-1; i++) {
for (var j=i+1; j<arr.length; j++) {
if (arr[i] <= arg && arr[j] <= arg && arr[i] + arr[j] == arg) {
sum += i+j;
arr[i] = arr[j] = NaN;
}
}
}
return sum;
}
console.log( pairwise([1, 1, 0, 2], 2) ) // should return 6
Under the hood:
Start looping from the element with index (i) = 0.
Add a second loop only for the elements which are later in the array. Their index j is always higher than i as we are adding 1 to i.
If both elements (numbers) are less than or equal to to the arg, check if their sum equals to the arg. This avoids checking the sum if either of the numbers are greater than the arg.
If the pair has been found then change their values to NaN to avoid further checks and duplication.
This solution should have a time complexity of 0(n) or linear
Much faster than two nested for-loops. This function will give you the two indices that add up to the target number. It can easily be modified to solve any other configuration of this problem.
var twoSum = function(nums, target) {
const hash = {}
for(let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
hash[nums[i]] = i
}
for(let j = 0; j < nums.length; j++) {
let numToFind = target - nums[j]
if(numToFind in hash && hash[numToFind] !== j) {
return [hash[numToFind], j]
}
}
return false
};
console.log(twoSum([1,2,3,5,7], 5))
In Python:
def twoSum(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[int]:
myMap = {}
for i in range(len(nums)):
myMap[nums[i]] = i
for j in range(len(nums)):
numToFind = target - nums[j]
if numToFind in myMap and myMap[numToFind] != j:
return [myMap[numToFind], j]
print(twoSum([1,2,3,5,7], 5))
In Java:
import java.util.*;
class Solution {
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for(Integer i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
map.put(nums[i], i);
}
for(Integer j = 0; j < nums.length; j++) {
Integer numToFind = target - nums[j];
Integer myInt = map.get(numToFind);
if(map.containsKey(numToFind) && myInt != j) {
return new int[] {myInt , j};
}
}
return new int[] {0, 0};
}
}
System.out.println(twoSum([1,2,3,5,7], 5))

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