Javascript random right answer - javascript

I would like to generate wrong number randomly between other slots.
Eg: the right answer is 4, but I want to make other slots give the wrong answer between the right answer.
Can anyone gives me a clue to achieve this? Thanks you in advance!
Sorry for my bad English, If you don't get my question.
var operators = {
"signOne": [
{
sign: "+",
method: function(a,b) {return a+b}
},
{
sign: "-",
method: function(a,b) { return a-b}
}
]};
var selectedOperatorA = Math.floor(Math.random()*operators.signOne.length);
this.hiddenTotalValue = operators.signOne[selectedOperatorA].method(this.valueA, this.valueB);
here is the output of my right answer.

You can:
Build a list containing the right answer, a smaller wrong answer and a bigger wrong answer
Sort the list with a custom random function
Code:
var answer = 9 - 5,
list = [
answer,
answer - 1 - ((Math.random() * 10) | 0),
answer + 1 + ((Math.random() * 10) | 0)
];
list.sort(function(a, b) { return Math.random() - 0.5; });
console.log(list);
Example output:
[2, 8, 4]
If needed, the position of the correct answer in the list would be given by list.indexOf(answer);.

You can calculate the real answer calcAnswer() and then create a function to create random numbers that is calcOtherAnswers() less than the real answer where as long as the result < answer (4 or whatever in your case) then generate a number.

Try using Math.random(); function to generate random numbers.
HTML
<div id="first"></div>
<div id="second"></div>
<div id="third"></div>
JS
var first = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 1);
var second = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 1);
while( second === first ){
second = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 1);
}
var third = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 1);
while( third === first || third === second ){
third = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 1);
}
$("#first").html(first);
$("#second").html(second);
$("#third").html(third);

I see you posted the question for javascript, and I am posting an answer assuming that language.
From the documentation at Mozilla you can choose your max and min using a function.
function getRandomInt(min, max) {
return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min;
}
put in the proper values of min and max

A simple way to do this would be having an array. You push the correct value into it, then have a loop that creates random numbers and adds them if they are not inside the array yet - until the array has the required size/length.

var operators = {
"signOne": [
{
sign: "+",
method: function(a,b) {return a+b}
},
{
sign: "-",
method: function(a,b) { return a-b}
}
]};
var selectedOperatorA = Math.floor(Math.random()*operators.signOne.length);
this.hiddenTotalValue = operators.signOne[selectedOperatorA].method(this.valueA, this.valueB);
here is the output of my right answer.

Related

Random() return 1 or -1

I'm working on After Effetcs expressions. I'm trying to use random function to return 1 or -1 but never 0.
I need to return integers range between 10 to 20 or between -20 to -10.
It seems to be simple, but I dont find how to do that. Any idea ?
Thanks for your help !
You could take a factor of two and replace zero with -1.
function random() {
return Math.floor(Math.random() * 2) || -1;
}
var i = 10;
while (i--) console.log(random());
I stole some inspiration from Getting a random value from a JavaScript array
var myArray = [1, -1]
var rand = myArray[Math.floor(Math.random() * myArray.length)];
console.log(rand);
Put whatever number you want into that array.
All answers to this point are good but I thought I might still add this :)
console.log("1 or -1: ", (()=>{if(Math.random() > 0.5) return 1; else return -1})())
console.log("Between 10 and 20: ", Math.floor(Math.random()*11+10));
console.log("Between -10 and -20: ", Math.floor(Math.random()*11+10) * -1);
Thanks a lot for those answers. I used something like this and it's working, but maybe it's not perfect :
random(10,20)*(Math.round(random())-0.5)*2
I'm not sure that the probability of getting 1 or -1 is exactly 1 in 2.

How to calculate coefficients of polynomial expansion in javascript

Suppose I have the following factors:
(1+3x)(1+x)(1+2x)
Expanded to a polynomial, it looks like:
1 + 6x + 11x^2 + 6x^3
The coefficients of this polynomial would be
c0 = 1
c1 = 6
c2 = 11
c3 = 6
I'm trying to figure out how to calculate these rapidly (for any set of factors). The ideal output would be an array of the coefficients, like
var coeff = [c0,c1,c2,c3];
What I'm trying to do is find a way to quickly go from the factors to the array of coefficients. Any suggestions on how to rapidly handle this in javascript? And for the sake of clarity, I'm trying to figure out how to do this for any set of n factors, not just this particular scenario.
You could use the factors as vector and use a cross product for the result.
function multiply(a1, a2) {
var result = [];
a1.forEach(function (a, i) {
a2.forEach(function (b, j) {
result[i + j] = (result[i + j] || 0) + a * b;
});
});
return result;
}
var data = [[1, 3], [1, 1], [1, 2]], // (1+3x)(1+x)(1+2x)
result = data.reduce(multiply);
console.log(result); // [1, 6, 11, 6] = 1x^0 + 6x^1 + 11x^2 + 6x^3
Well I found a method to do what you want from start to finish even without the need for any treatment in the original factors. Although I had to use a Math library. I found there is at least a library that does what you want: Nerdamer
As you can see from the code below the coeficients are correctly calculated from the factors you gave.
var factors = '(1+3x)(1+x)(1+2x)';
console.log('original factors: ' + factors);
var y = nerdamer('expand(' + factors + ')');
var polynomialform = y.toString();
console.log('polynomial form: ' + polynomialform);
var coef = polynomialform.split('+').map(v=>v.trim()).map(v=>v.split('x')[0]).map(v=>v.replace(/^\*+|\*+$/g, ''));
console.log('coeficients: ' + coef);
<script src="http://nerdamer.com/js/nerdamer.core.js"></script>
Notice that coefs var is an array.
Obviously, by the way I otained the coeficients, the operation may fail in different factor cases. This has to be adapted for minus characters and edge cases. You can create some kind of loop and put failed calculations in an array to check for edge cases to adapt the code for the full dataset. I can improve the answer if you provide a larger test dataset.
Hope it helps you.
Here's my take based on the fact that when you multiply (1+ax) by (1+b_1*x+b_2*x^2+...+b_nx^n), in the resulting polynomial (of degree n+1), the first term's coefficient will be one and its last term's coefficient will be a*b_n.
I think it is a bit simpler than the accepted answer, but still quadratic in time. To make this more efficient, you will need more advanced techniques.
function multOne(a, b) {
var n = b.length;
var r = [1]; //The first term is always 1
r[n] = a * b[n - 1]; //The last term is always a*b_n-1
for (var i = 1; i < n; i++)
r[i] = b[i] + a * b[i - 1];
return r;
}
function solve(c) {
var result = [1, c[0]]; //use result as an accumulator
for (var j = 1; j < c.length; j++)
result = multOne(c[j], result);
return result;
}
console.log(solve([3, 1, 2])); //You don't need to pass 1s either. Just pass the varying coefficients
I needed something similar (to calculate permutations via exponential generating functions) so I wrote a version that works when some terms missing, by using objects as the base instead. I also needed it not not calculate anything over a certain power, so that's also an option
/**
* Calculates the result of multiplying many polynomials together
* #example
* polynomials = [{0: 1, 1: 10, 2:1}, {0: 0, 1: 5, 2: 0, 3: 0.5}]
* limit = 4;
* polynomialMultiplication(polynomials, limit);
* #param {Array.<Object.<number,number>>} polynomials an array of polynomials,
* each expressed as an array of term coefficients
* #param {number} limit the maximum term to calculate
* #returns the resultant polynomial from multiplying all polynomials together
*/
function polynomialMultiplication(polynomials, limit) {
const length = limit ?? polynomials.reduce((sum, poly) => sum += Math.max(...Object.keys(poly)), 0)
// make an object to hold the result in
// which is prepopulated by zeros
const template = { ...Array.from({
length
}).fill(0)
};
return polynomials.reduce((memo, poly, polyIndex) => {
const tempCopy = { ...template};
if (polyIndex === 0) return { ...poly };
for (let termIndex = 0; termIndex < length && termIndex <= Math.max(...Object.keys(poly)); termIndex++) {
for (let memoIndex = 0;
(memoIndex + termIndex) <= length && memoIndex <= Math.max(...Object.keys(memo)); memoIndex++) {
const addition = (memo[memoIndex] ?? 0) * (poly[termIndex] ?? 0);
const copyIndex = memoIndex + termIndex;
tempCopy[copyIndex] = (tempCopy[copyIndex] ?? 0) + addition;
}
}
return tempCopy;
}, template)
}
console.log('(1+3x)(1+x)(1+2x)');
const polynomials = [{
0: 1,
1: 3
}, {
0: 1,
1: 1
}, {
0: 1,
1: 2
}];
console.log(polynomialMultiplication(polynomials));
const morePolynomials = [{
0: 1,
1: 0,
2: 5
}, {
0: 0,
1: 6
}, {
0: 1,
1: 2,
2: 0
}];
console.log('(1+5x^2)(6x)(1+2x) up to x^2')
console.log(polynomialMultiplication(morePolynomials, 2));

Random integer in a certain range excluding one number

I would like get a random number in a range excluding one number (e.g. from 1 to 1000 exclude 577). I searched for a solution, but never solved my issue.
I want something like:
Math.floor((Math.random() * 1000) + 1).exclude(577);
I would like to avoid for loops creating an array as much as possible, because the length is always different (sometimes 1 to 10000, sometimes 685 to 888555444, etc), and the process of generating it could take too much time.
I already tried:
Javascript - Generating Random numbers in a Range, excluding certain numbers
How can I generate a random number within a range but exclude some?
How could I achieve this?
The fastest way to obtain a random integer number in a certain range [a, b], excluding one value c, is to generate it between a and b-1, and then increment it by one if it's higher than or equal to c.
Here's a working function:
function randomExcluded(min, max, excluded) {
var n = Math.floor(Math.random() * (max-min) + min);
if (n >= excluded) n++;
return n;
}
This solution only has a complexity of O(1).
One possibility is not to add 1, and if that number comes out, you assign the last possible value.
For example:
var result = Math.floor((Math.random() * 100000));
if(result==577) result = 100000;
In this way, you will not need to re-launch the random method, but is repeated. And meets the objective of being a random.
As #ebyrob suggested, you can create a function that makes a mapping from a smaller set to the larger set with excluded values by adding 1 for each value that it is larger than or equal to:
// min - integer
// max - integer
// exclusions - array of integers
// - must contain unique integers between min & max
function RandomNumber(min, max, exclusions) {
// As #Fabian pointed out, sorting is necessary
// We use concat to avoid mutating the original array
// See: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9592740/how-can-you-sort-an-array-without-mutating-the-original-array
var exclusionsSorted = exclusions.concat().sort(function(a, b) {
return a - b
});
var logicalMax = max - exclusionsSorted.length;
var randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * (logicalMax - min + 1)) + min;
for(var i = 0; i < exclusionsSorted.length; i++) {
if (randomNumber >= exclusionsSorted[i]) {
randomNumber++;
}
}
return randomNumber;
}
Example Fiddle
Also, I think #JesusCuesta's answer provides a simpler mapping and is better.
Update: My original answer had many issues with it.
To expand on #Jesus Cuesta's answer:
function RandomNumber(min, max, exclusions) {
var hash = new Object();
for(var i = 0; i < exclusions.length; ++i ) { // TODO: run only once as setup
hash[exclusions[i]] = i + max - exclusions.length;
}
var randomNumber = Math.floor((Math.random() * (max - min - exclusions.length)) + min);
if (hash.hasOwnProperty(randomNumber)) {
randomNumber = hash[randomNumber];
}
return randomNumber;
}
Note: This only works if max - exclusions.length > maximum exclusion. So close.
You could just continue generating the number until you find it suits your needs:
function randomExcluded(start, end, excluded) {
var n = excluded
while (n == excluded)
n = Math.floor((Math.random() * (end-start+1) + start));
return n;
}
myRandom = randomExcluded(1, 10000, 577);
By the way this is not the best solution at all, look at my other answer for a better one!
Generate a random number and if it matches the excluded number then add another random number(-20 to 20)
var max = 99999, min = 1, exclude = 577;
var num = Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min ;
while(num == exclude || num > max || num < min ) {
var rand = Math.random() > .5 ? -20 : 20 ;
num += Math.floor((Math.random() * (rand));
}
import random
def rng_generator():
a = random.randint(0, 100)
if a == 577:
rng_generator()
else:
print(a)
#main()
rng_generator()
Exclude the number from calculations:
function toggleRand() {
// demonstration code only.
// this algorithm does NOT produce random numbers.
// return `0` - `576` , `578` - `n`
return [Math.floor((Math.random() * 576) + 1)
,Math.floor(Math.random() * (100000 - 578) + 1)
]
// select "random" index
[Math.random() > .5 ? 0 : 1];
}
console.log(toggleRand());
Alternatively, use String.prototype.replace() with RegExp /^(577)$/ to match number that should be excluded from result; replace with another random number in range [0-99] utilizing new Date().getTime(), isNaN() and String.prototype.slice()
console.log(
+String(Math.floor(Math.random()*(578 - 575) + 575))
.replace(/^(577)$/,String(isNaN("$1")&&new Date().getTime()).slice(-2))
);
Could also use String.prototype.match() to filter results:
console.log(
+String(Math.floor(Math.random()*10))
.replace(/^(5)$/,String(isNaN("$1")&&new Date().getTime()).match(/[^5]/g).slice(-1)[0])
);

How to calculate interest javascript

I'm trying to create a function that returns the money I have after x years of interest.
var calculateInterest = function(total, year, rate) {
(var interest = rate / 100 + 1;
return parseFloat((total * Math.pow(interest, year)).toFixed(4))
}
console.log(calculateInterest(915, 13, 2));
I'm not getting it to work and I'm stuck!
Any advice?
You were close. You don't need parentheses around var interest:
var calculateInterest = function(total, year, rate) {
var interest = rate / 100 + 1;
return parseFloat((total * Math.pow(interest, year)).toFixed(4));
}
var answer = calculateInterest(915, 13, 2);
console.log(answer);
I'd recommend cleaning it up a little to:
var calculateInterest = function(total, years, ratePercent, roundToPlaces) {
var interestRate = ((ratePercent / 100) + 1);
return (total * Math.pow(interestRate, years)).toFixed(roundToPlaces);
}
var answer = calculateInterest(915, 13, 2, 2);
console.log(answer);
You don't need parseFloat() if the variable is already a number (it's needed when you're parsing from a string, which is not the case here). I am adding a parameter to specify how many decimal places to round to is useful so you can control the output of the function.
Updated fiddle

How to format a float in javascript?

In JavaScript, when converting from a float to a string, how can I get just 2 digits after the decimal point? For example, 0.34 instead of 0.3445434.
There are functions to round numbers. For example:
var x = 5.0364342423;
print(x.toFixed(2));
will print 5.04.
EDIT:
Fiddle
var result = Math.round(original*100)/100;
The specifics, in case the code isn't self-explanatory.
edit: ...or just use toFixed, as proposed by Tim Büthe. Forgot that one, thanks (and an upvote) for reminder :)
Be careful when using toFixed():
First, rounding the number is done using the binary representation of the number, which might lead to unexpected behaviour. For example
(0.595).toFixed(2) === '0.59'
instead of '0.6'.
Second, there's an IE bug with toFixed(). In IE (at least up to version 7, didn't check IE8), the following holds true:
(0.9).toFixed(0) === '0'
It might be a good idea to follow kkyy's suggestion or to use a custom toFixed() function, eg
function toFixed(value, precision) {
var power = Math.pow(10, precision || 0);
return String(Math.round(value * power) / power);
}
One more problem to be aware of, is that toFixed() can produce unnecessary zeros at the end of the number.
For example:
var x=(23-7.37)
x
15.629999999999999
x.toFixed(6)
"15.630000"
The idea is to clean up the output using a RegExp:
function humanize(x){
return x.toFixed(6).replace(/\.?0*$/,'');
}
The RegExp matches the trailing zeros (and optionally the decimal point) to make sure it looks good for integers as well.
humanize(23-7.37)
"15.63"
humanize(1200)
"1200"
humanize(1200.03)
"1200.03"
humanize(3/4)
"0.75"
humanize(4/3)
"1.333333"
var x = 0.3445434
x = Math.round (x*100) / 100 // this will make nice rounding
The key here I guess is to round up correctly first, then you can convert it to String.
function roundOf(n, p) {
const n1 = n * Math.pow(10, p + 1);
const n2 = Math.floor(n1 / 10);
if (n1 >= (n2 * 10 + 5)) {
return (n2 + 1) / Math.pow(10, p);
}
return n2 / Math.pow(10, p);
}
// All edge cases listed in this thread
roundOf(95.345, 2); // 95.35
roundOf(95.344, 2); // 95.34
roundOf(5.0364342423, 2); // 5.04
roundOf(0.595, 2); // 0.60
roundOf(0.335, 2); // 0.34
roundOf(0.345, 2); // 0.35
roundOf(551.175, 2); // 551.18
roundOf(0.3445434, 2); // 0.34
Now you can safely format this value with toFixed(p).
So with your specific case:
roundOf(0.3445434, 2).toFixed(2); // 0.34
There is a problem with all those solutions floating around using multipliers. Both kkyy and Christoph's solutions are wrong unfortunately.
Please test your code for number 551.175 with 2 decimal places - it will round to 551.17 while it should be 551.18 ! But if you test for ex. 451.175 it will be ok - 451.18. So it's difficult to spot this error at a first glance.
The problem is with multiplying: try 551.175 * 100 = 55117.49999999999 (ups!)
So my idea is to treat it with toFixed() before using Math.round();
function roundFix(number, precision)
{
var multi = Math.pow(10, precision);
return Math.round( (number * multi).toFixed(precision + 1) ) / multi;
}
If you want the string without round you can use this RegEx (maybe is not the most efficient way... but is really easy)
(2.34567778).toString().match(/\d+\.\d{2}/)[0]
// '2.34'
function trimNumber(num, len) {
const modulu_one = 1;
const start_numbers_float=2;
var int_part = Math.trunc(num);
var float_part = String(num % modulu_one);
float_part = float_part.slice(start_numbers_float, start_numbers_float+len);
return int_part+'.'+float_part;
}
There is no way to avoid inconsistent rounding for prices with x.xx5 as actual value using either multiplication or division. If you need to calculate correct prices client-side you should keep all amounts in cents. This is due to the nature of the internal representation of numeric values in JavaScript. Notice that Excel suffers from the same problems so most people wouldn't notice the small errors caused by this phenomen. However errors may accumulate whenever you add up a lot of calculated values, there is a whole theory around this involving the order of calculations and other methods to minimize the error in the final result. To emphasize on the problems with decimal values, please note that 0.1 + 0.2 is not exactly equal to 0.3 in JavaScript, while 1 + 2 is equal to 3.
Maybe you'll also want decimal separator? Here is a function I just made:
function formatFloat(num,casasDec,sepDecimal,sepMilhar) {
if (num < 0)
{
num = -num;
sinal = -1;
} else
sinal = 1;
var resposta = "";
var part = "";
if (num != Math.floor(num)) // decimal values present
{
part = Math.round((num-Math.floor(num))*Math.pow(10,casasDec)).toString(); // transforms decimal part into integer (rounded)
while (part.length < casasDec)
part = '0'+part;
if (casasDec > 0)
{
resposta = sepDecimal+part;
num = Math.floor(num);
} else
num = Math.round(num);
} // end of decimal part
while (num > 0) // integer part
{
part = (num - Math.floor(num/1000)*1000).toString(); // part = three less significant digits
num = Math.floor(num/1000);
if (num > 0)
while (part.length < 3) // 123.023.123 if sepMilhar = '.'
part = '0'+part; // 023
resposta = part+resposta;
if (num > 0)
resposta = sepMilhar+resposta;
}
if (sinal < 0)
resposta = '-'+resposta;
return resposta;
}
/** don't spend 5 minutes, use my code **/
function prettyFloat(x,nbDec) {
if (!nbDec) nbDec = 100;
var a = Math.abs(x);
var e = Math.floor(a);
var d = Math.round((a-e)*nbDec); if (d == nbDec) { d=0; e++; }
var signStr = (x<0) ? "-" : " ";
var decStr = d.toString(); var tmp = 10; while(tmp<nbDec && d*tmp < nbDec) {decStr = "0"+decStr; tmp*=10;}
var eStr = e.toString();
return signStr+eStr+"."+decStr;
}
prettyFloat(0); // "0.00"
prettyFloat(-1); // "-1.00"
prettyFloat(-0.999); // "-1.00"
prettyFloat(0.5); // "0.50"
I use this code to format floats. It is based on toPrecision() but it strips unnecessary zeros. I would welcome suggestions for how to simplify the regex.
function round(x, n) {
var exp = Math.pow(10, n);
return Math.floor(x*exp + 0.5)/exp;
}
Usage example:
function test(x, n, d) {
var rounded = rnd(x, d);
var result = rounded.toPrecision(n);
result = result.replace(/\.?0*$/, '');
result = result.replace(/\.?0*e/, 'e');
result = result.replace('e+', 'e');
return result;
}
document.write(test(1.2000e45, 3, 2) + '=' + '1.2e45' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.2000e+45, 3, 2) + '=' + '1.2e45' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.2340e45, 3, 2) + '=' + '1.23e45' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.2350e45, 3, 2) + '=' + '1.24e45' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.0000, 3, 2) + '=' + '1' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.0100, 3, 2) + '=' + '1.01' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.2340, 4, 2) + '=' + '1.23' + '<br>');
document.write(test(1.2350, 4, 2) + '=' + '1.24' + '<br>');
countDecimals = value => {
if (Math.floor(value) === value) return 0;
let stringValue = value.toString().split(".")[1];
if (stringValue) {
return value.toString().split(".")[1].length
? value.toString().split(".")[1].length
: 0;
} else {
return 0;
}
};
formatNumber=(ans)=>{
let decimalPlaces = this.countDecimals(ans);
ans = 1 * ans;
if (decimalPlaces !== 0) {
let onePlusAns = ans + 1;
let decimalOnePlus = this.countDecimals(onePlusAns);
if (decimalOnePlus < decimalPlaces) {
ans = ans.toFixed(decimalPlaces - 1).replace(/\.?0*$/, "");
} else {
let tenMulAns = ans * 10;
let decimalTenMul = this.countDecimals(tenMulAns);
if (decimalTenMul + 1 < decimalPlaces) {
ans = ans.toFixed(decimalPlaces - 1).replace(/\.?0*$/, "");
}
}
}
}
I just add 1 to the value and count the decimal digits present in the original value and the added value. If I find the decimal digits after adding one less than the original decimal digits, I just call the toFixed() with (original decimals - 1). I also check by multiplying the original value by 10 and follow the same logic in case adding one doesn't reduce redundant decimal places.
A simple workaround to handle floating-point number rounding in JS. Works in most cases I tried.

Categories