How to make childrow always open without getting performance hit - javascript

I have a Datatable with childrow:
$(document).ready(function () {
var table = $('#example').DataTable({
ajax: 'static/ajax/data/data.json',
columns: [
{
className: 'dt-control',
orderable: false,
data: null,
defaultContent: '',
},
{ data: 'Value1' },
{ data: 'Value2' },
{ data: 'Value3' },
],
order: [[1, 'asc']],
});
// Add event listener for opening and closing details
$('#example tbody').on('click', 'td.dt-control', function () {
var tr = $(this).closest('tr');
var row = table.row(tr);
if (row.child.isShown()) {
// This row is already open - close it
row.child.hide();
tr.removeClass('shown');
} else {
// Open this row
row.child(format(row.data())).show();
tr.addClass('shown');
}
});
How can I make the child row always open without a performance hit and remove the default green cross? I'm using ajax as a data source.

To create a DataTable with all child data always displayed, you can take the standard approach (for example, using the demo shown here), and then make the following changes:
1 - remove the first (empty) column from the header <th></th> - and also from the footer if needed.
2 - remove the first body column also, as defined in the DataTable itself:
{
className: 'dt-control',
orderable: false,
data: null,
defaultContent: '',
},
The above 2 changes ensure there still the same number of body columns as there are header (and footer) columns.
3 - remove the event listener code (it is no longer needed):
$('#example tbody').on('click', 'td.dt-control', function () { ... });
4 - Add an initComplete section to the DataTable:
initComplete: function( settings, json ) {
this.api().rows().every( function () {
this.child( format(this.data()) ).show();
});
}
The following example shows the above approach, but it uses a small JavaScript-sourced data set instead of Ajax data.
That does not make a difference to the above steps. Just replace my data: dataSet, option with your ajax option.
var dataSet = [
{
"id": "1",
"name": "Tiger Nixon",
"position": "System Architect",
"salary": "$320,800",
"start_date": "2011/04/25",
"office": "Zürich",
"extn": "5421"
},
{
"id": "57",
"name": "Donna Snider",
"position": "Customer Support",
"salary": "$112,000",
"start_date": "2011/01/25",
"office": "New York",
"extn": "4226"
}
];
/* Formatting function for row details - modify as you need */
function format ( d ) {
// `d` is the original data object for the row
return '<table class="cell-border" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="padding-left:50px;">'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Full name:</td>'+
'<td>'+d.name+'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Extension number:</td>'+
'<td>'+d.extn+'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Extra info:</td>'+
'<td>And any further details here (images etc)...</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'</table>';
}
$(document).ready(function() {
var table = $('#example').DataTable( {
data: dataSet,
columns: [
{ data: "name" },
{ data: "position" },
{ data: "office" },
{ data: "salary" }
],
initComplete: function( settings, json ) {
this.api().rows().every( function () {
this.child( format(this.data()) ).show();
});
}
} );
} );
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Demo</title>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.22/js/jquery.dataTables.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.22/css/jquery.dataTables.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://datatables.net/media/css/site-examples.css">
</head>
<body>
<div style="margin: 20px;">
<table id="example" class="display dataTable cell-border" style="width:100%">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Related

Jquery datatables - How count numbers of rows?

I am using to Jquery datables to create a table with row details . Everything working fine Only the number of entries
The current logic is counting the parents row + child rows. I want to count only parents rows which are 4. My result should be Showing 1 to 10 of 4 entries.
In my Json file, I have recordsTotal: 16 which is the total rows parents + child. When I change to 4 which is number of parents rows the table will show me only first record (Ticket id 1 + its 3 child rows ) as it's counted as 4 entries.
Any suggestions please how can I update ? Thank you.
$(document).ready(function() {
function format ( d ) {
d.Items.sort(function compare(a,b) {
if (a.Line_No < b.Line_No)
return -1;
if (a.Line_No > b.Line_No)
return 1;
return 0;
});
var x = '<table class="nowrap table table-bordered table-hover" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><thead><tr><th>Line No</th><th>Line Level Issue</th><th>Created Date</th><th>Created By</th></tr></thead><tbody>' ;
$.each(d.Items, function( index, value ) {
x += '<tr><td>' + d.Items[index].Line_No + '</td><td>' + d.Items[index].Line_Level_Issue + '</td><td>' + d.Items[index].Created_Date + '</td><td>' + d.Items[index].Created_By + '</td></tr>';
});
x +='</tbody></table>';
return x;
}
var dt = $('#example').DataTable( {
"processing": true,
"serverSide": true,
"deferRender": true,
"lengthChange": true,
"pageLength": 10,
"language": { "emptyTable": "No matching records found",
"info": "Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries",
"zeroRecords": "No matching records found" },
"ajax": "https://api.myjson.com/bins/vwjfc",
"columns": [
{
"class": "details-control",
"data": "Ticket_id"
,render : function(data, type, row) {
return ' ' + data;
}
},
{ "data": "Order_Level_Issue" },
{ "data": "Geo" },
{ "data": "Region" },
{ "data": "Territory" },
{ "data": "Market" },
{ "data": "Country" },
{ "data": "SoldTo_Number" },
{ "data": "SoldTo_Name" },
{ "data": "Order_Numer" }
],
"order": [[0, 'asc'],[1, 'asc']]
} );
var detailRows = [];
$('#example tbody').on( 'click', 'tr td.details-control', function () {
var tr = $(this).closest('tr');
var row = dt.row( tr );
var idx = $.inArray( tr.attr('id'), detailRows );
if ( row.child.isShown() ) {
tr.removeClass( 'details' );
row.child.hide();
detailRows.splice( idx, 1 );
}
else {
tr.addClass( 'details' );
row.child( format( row.data() ) ).show();
if ( idx === -1 ) {
detailRows.push( tr.attr('id') );
}
}
} );
dt.on( 'draw', function () {
$.each( detailRows, function ( i, id ) {
$('#'+id+' td.details-control').trigger( 'click' );
} );
} );
} );
td.details-control {
background: url('https://datatables.net/examples/resources/details_open.png') no-repeat center left;
cursor: pointer;
}
tr.details td.details-control {
background: url('https://datatables.net/examples/resources/details_close.png') no-repeat center left;
}
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<link href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.20/css/dataTables.bootstrap4.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<table id="example" class="nowrap table table-hover table-bordered" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>TicketT id</th>
<th>Order Level Issue</th>
<th>Geo</th>
<th>Region</th>
<th>Territory</th>
<th>Market</th>
<th>Country</th>
<th>SoldTo Number</th>
<th>SoldTo Name</th>
<th>Order Numer</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<th>Ticket id</th>
<th>Order Level Issue</th>
<th>Geo</th>
<th>Region</th>
<th>Territory</th>
<th>Market</th>
<th>Country</th>
<th>SoldTo Number</th>
<th>SoldTo Name</th>
<th>Order Numer</th>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.20/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.20/js/dataTables.bootstrap4.min.js"></script>
I assume the problem was not dataTables at all but your ajax call, since you are using serverSide your server side is the one who sends the data the table will display including the total of records so in your ajax response you have:
{draw: 1, recordsTotal: 16, recordsFiltered: 16, data: Array(4)}
So all you have to do is work in your server side script in order the reflect the expected output.
Hope it helps

Datatables show info on child rows without Ajax

I'm trying to display extra info on child rows without using ajax, the thing is that it works well but I want to display more than one value in a list way.
Something like this
Any suggestions?
I'm using web2py to take the data and fill the table, this is my try:
<script>
var tabla;
$(document).ready(function(){
tabla= $('#tablaGenerica').DataTable( {
} );
function format(value) {
return '<div>Hidden Value: ' + value + '</div>';
}
$('#tablaGenerica').on('click', 'td.details-control', function () {
var tr = $(this).closest('tr');
var row = tabla.row(tr);
if (row.child.isShown()) {
// This row is already open - close it
row.child.hide();
tr.removeClass('shown');
} else {
// Open this row
row.child(format(tr.data('child-value'))).show();
tr.addClass('shown');
}
});
</script>
<table id="tablaGenerica" class="tablaC table-striped hover cell-border" cellspacing="0" width="100%" >
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th class="select-filter">Name</th>
<th class="select-filter">Age</th>
<th class="select-filter">Country</th>
<th class="select-filter">Level</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{{for person in formList:}}
<tr data-child-value="{{=person.Person.salary}}">
<td class="details-control"></td>
<td>{{=person.Person.name}}</td>
<td>{{=person.Person.age}}</td>
<td>{{=person.Person.country}}</td>
<td>{{=person.Person.level}}</td>
</tr>
{{pass}}
</tbody>
</table>
I'd suggest to refactor your app slightly, as you don't really need to cook up your HTML server-side, DataTables can handle that for you on the client end.
You may simply prepare the array of objects, where each entry corresponds to the table row and each object property / inner array element - to respective column (or details entry):
[
{id: 1, name: 'Clark Kent', age: 32, country: 'USA', level: 'high'},
{id: 2, name: 'Arthur Curry', age: 31, country: 'USA', level: 'medium'},
{id: 3, name: 'Barry Allen', age: 24, country: 'USA', level: 'low'}
]
In order to link those object properties / inner array items to your table columns, you may use DataTables option columns or columnDefs :
$('#tablaGenerica').DataTable({
...
columns: [
{title: 'ID', data: 'id'},
{title: 'Name', data: 'name'},
...
]
});
After that (and this is the essential part of the answer), in order to show multiple details within your child row, you simply need to modify your format() function, so that it returns HTML markup of the child row with all the necessary details:
const format = data => `
<div>Age: ${data.age}</div>
<div>Country: ${data.country}</div>
<div>Level: ${data.level}</div>
`;
So, complete DEMO of your case might look something, like that:
//specify source data
const dataSrc = [
{id: 1, name: 'Clark Kent', age: 32, country: 'USA', level: 'high'},
{id: 2, name: 'Arthur Curry', age: 31, country: 'USA', level: 'medium'},
{id: 3, name: 'Barry Allen', age: 24, country: 'USA', level: 'low'}
];
//initialize DataTables
const dataTable = $('#tablaGenerica').DataTable({
//specify necessary options to adjust DataTable to your needs
dom: 't',
data: dataSrc,
//specify columns that should be visible initially
columns: [
{title: 'ID', data: 'id'},
{title: 'Name', data: 'name'}
]
});
//declare function that renders child row with hidden details
const format = data => `
<div>Age: ${data.age}</div>
<div>Country: ${data.country}</div>
<div>Level: ${data.level}</div>
`;
//attach event listener to row click
$('#tablaGenerica').on('click', 'tr', function(){
//get clicked row into a variable
const clickedRow = dataTable.row($(this));
//show/hide child row
clickedRow.child.isShown() ? clickedRow.child.hide() : clickedRow.child(format(clickedRow.data())).show();
//toggle 'shown' class
$(this).toggleClass('shown');
});
#tablaGenerica tbody tr.even:hover, #tablaGenerica tbody tr.odd:hover{
cursor: pointer;
background: lightgray;
}
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="application/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="application/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.19/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.19/css/jquery.dataTables.min.css">
</head>
<body>
<table id="tablaGenerica"></table>
</body>
</html>
there is an example for you
/* Formatting function for row details - modify as you need */
function format ( d ) {
// `d` is the original data object for the row
return '<table cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="padding-left:50px;">'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Full name:</td>'+
'<td>'+d.name+'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Extension number:</td>'+
'<td>'+d.extn+'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Extra info:</td>'+
'<td>And any further details here (images etc)...</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'</table>';
}
$(document).ready(function() {
var data = [{
"id": "1",
"name": "Tiger Nixon",
"position": "System Architect",
"salary": "$320,800",
"start_date": "2011/04/25",
"office": "Edinburgh",
"extn": "5421"
},
{
"id": "2",
"name": "Garrett Winters",
"position": "Accountant",
"salary": "$170,750",
"start_date": "2011/07/25",
"office": "Tokyo",
"extn": "8422"
}];
var table = $('#example').DataTable( {
"data": data,
"columns": [
{
"className": 'details-control',
"orderable": false,
"data": null,
"defaultContent": ''
},
{ "data": "name" },
{ "data": "position" },
{ "data": "office" },
{ "data": "salary" }
],
"order": [[1, 'asc']]
} );
// Add event listener for opening and closing details
$('#example tbody').on('click', 'td.details-control', function () {
var tr = $(this).closest('tr');
var row = table.row( tr );
if ( row.child.isShown() ) {
// This row is already open - close it
row.child.hide();
tr.removeClass('shown');
}
else {
// Open this row
row.child( format(row.data()) ).show();
tr.addClass('shown');
}
} );
} );
td.details-control {
background: url('https://datatables.net/examples/resources/details_open.png') no-repeat center center;
cursor: pointer;
}
tr.shown td.details-control {
background: url('https://datatables.net/examples/resources/details_close.png') no-repeat center center;
}
<link href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.19/css/jquery.dataTables.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.19/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>
<table id="example" class="display" style="width:100%">
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>

How to get particular column in responsive jquery datatable for small Screen

I have implemented responsive jquery datatable in one of my project.
At the end of each row there is edit/detail link.
If i click edit/detail link:
1)Large Screen - It picks the UseID(Which is first Column in a row), so that i can edit that User.
2)Small Screen - Because of responsiveness the row will splitted as show below. It doesnot pick that User ID.
Large Screen Edit/Detail is Last row
Large Screen after clicking Edit link
Small Screen See Edit/detail link which is splitted
I am not able to get the UserID alert when i click edit link whenever the screen is small.
My Code.
<table id="myExample" class="display responsive nowrap">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>User Name</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>LastName</th>
<th>Street</th>
<th>City</th>
<th>Zip</th>
<th>State</th>
<th>Email</th>
<th>Edit</th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/dataTables.responsive.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function () {
var table = $('#myExample').DataTable({
"ajax": {
"url": "/Admin/LoadData",
"type": "GET",
"datatype": "json"
},
"columns": [
{ "data": "Usr_Nm", "autowidth": true },
{ "data": "FirstName", "autowidth": true },
{ "data": "LastName", "autowidth": true },
{ "data": "Street", "autowidth": true },
{ "data": "City", "autowidth": true },
{ "data": "Zip", "autowidth": true },
{ "data": "Sate", "autowidth": true },
{
data: null,
defaultContent: 'Edit/Detail',
orderable: false
}
]
});
$('#myExample').on('click', 'a.Edit', function (e) {
var UserId = $(this).closest('tr.').find('td').find('.sorting_1').text();
$.ajax({
url: '/Admin/UserEdit',
type: "GET",
data: { 'id': UserId },
dataType: "json",
success: function (response) {
// alert('1:');
// alert(response);
if (response.isRedirect) {
// alert('1');
window.location.href = response.redirectUrl;
//window.location.href = response.redirectUrl;
}
// }
},
error: function (response) {
alert("Some error");
}
});
});
})
</script>
To get UserID:
var UserId = $(this).closest('tr.').find('td').find('.sorting_1').text();
Inspect Element in Large Screen
Inspect Element in Small Screen:
You must go through the dataTables API in order to get data for columns not present in the DOM (removed due to responsiveness).
You can get the all values for a certain row by table.row(<tr-node>).data() :
$('#myExample').on('click', 'a.Edit', function (e) {
var data = table.row($(this).closest('tr')).data()
//if it is "User Name" / first column you are after
var userId = data[0]
...
})

How to search child row content

I would like this demo to work with the filter, not removing entries whose children have the data that you are filtering for.
E.g. in the example if you filter for 5407 Airi Satou does not get deleted and maybe even the child data gets expanded.
HTML and JS
/* Formatting function for row details - modify as you need */
function format ( d ) {
// `d` is the original data object for the row
return '<div class="slider">'+
'<table cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="padding-left:50px;">'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Full name:</td>'+
'<td>'+d.name+'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Extension number:</td>'+
'<td>'+d.extn+'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Extra info:</td>'+
'<td>And any further details here (images etc)...</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'</table>'+
'</div>';
}
$(document).ready(function() {
var table = $('#example').DataTable( {
"ajax": "/examples/ajax/data/objects.txt",
"columns": [
{
"class": 'details-control',
"orderable": false,
"data": null,
"defaultContent": ''
},
{ "data": "name" },
{ "data": "position" },
{ "data": "office" },
{ "data": "salary" }
],
"order": [[1, 'asc']]
} );
// Add event listener for opening and closing details
$('#example tbody').on('click', 'td.details-control', function () {
var tr = $(this).closest('tr');
var row = table.row( tr );
if ( row.child.isShown() ) {
// This row is already open - close it
$('div.slider', row.child()).slideUp( function () {
row.child.hide();
tr.removeClass('shown');
} );
}
else {
// Open this row
row.child( format(row.data()), 'no-padding' ).show();
tr.addClass('shown');
$('div.slider', row.child()).slideDown();
}
} );
} );
CSS
td.details-control {
background: url('/examples/resources/details_open.png') no-repeat center center;
cursor: pointer;
}
tr.shown td.details-control {
background: url('/examples/resources/details_close.png') no-repeat center center;
}
div.slider {
display: none;
}
table.dataTable tbody td.no-padding {
padding: 0;
}
SOLUTION
In order for jQuery DataTables to search child rows you need to add data displayed in the child rows to the main table as hidden columns.
For example, you can add hidden column for extn data property using columns.visible option as shown below:
JavaScript:
"columns": [
{
"class": 'details-control',
"orderable": false,
"data": null,
"defaultContent": ''
},
{ "data": "name" },
{ "data": "position" },
{ "data": "office" },
{ "data": "salary" },
{ "data": "extn", "visible": false }
],
HTML:
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Salary</th>
<th>Extn.</th>
</tr>
</thead>
DEMO
See this jsFiddle for code and demonstration.

jQuery DataTables - Child Rows and "Undefined is Not a Function"

I'm working to add child rows to a data table and am getting a "TypeError: undefined is not a function" for a line of code that works perfectly on a different table and page. Any ideas?
HTML:
<div class="table-responsive">
<h2 class="sub-header">Account Users <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign"></span></h2>
<table id="users_table" class="table table-striped embedded_table">
<thead>
<tr class="text-center">
<th></th>
<th>User Name</th>
<th>Full Name</th>
<th>User Type</th>
<th>Assigned Device</th>
<th>Date Added</th>
<th>Action</th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
</div>
Javascript/jQuery:
<script>
function format ( d ) {
var html = '<table id="child_table" class="text-right" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="padding-left:50px;">'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Email Address:</td>'+
'<td>'+ d.email_address +'</td>'+
'<td>Time Zone:</td>'+
'<td>'+ d.timezone +'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>Create Date:</td>'+
'<td>'+ d.create_date +'</td>'+
'<td>Last Login:</td>'+
'<td>'+ d.last_login +'</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'</table>';
return html;
}
$(document).ready(function() {
username = "<?php echo($_SESSION["username"]); ?>";
userType = "<?php echo($_SESSION["user_type"]); ?>";
var table = $('#users_table').dataTable({
order: [1, 'asc'],
"ajax": {
"url": "/s/user_data.php",
"dataSrc" : ""
},
"language": {
"search": "Search: "
},
"columns": [
{"data": null, "class": "details-control", "orderable": false, "defaultContent": "", "width": "2%"},
{"data": "username", "name": "username", "width": "20%"},
{"data": "fullName", "name": "fullName", "width": "20%"},
{"data": "type", "name": "type", "width": "15%"},
{"data": "cal_color", "name": "cal_color", "width": "15%"},
{"data": "create_date", "type": "date", "name": "create_date", "visible": false},
{"data": "time_zone", "name": "time_zone", "visible": false},
{"data": "last_login", "type": "date", "name": "last_login", "visible": false},
{"data": "email_address", "name": "email_address", "visible": false},
{"data": "uid", "name": "uid", "visible": false}
]
});
// Add event listener for opening and closing details
$('#users_table').find('tbody').on('click', 'td.details-control', function () {
var tr = $(this).closest('tr');
var td = $(this).closest('td');
var row = table.row(tr);
console.log(tr);
console.log(td);
console.log(row);
if(row.child.isShown())
{
// This row is already open - close it
row.child.hide();
tr.removeClass('shown');
td.removeClass('shown');
}
else
{
// Open this row
row.child(format(row.data())).show();
tr.addClass('shown');
td.addClass('shown');
}
});
});
The line of code that generates the error is as follows. It's under the comment "Add event listener for opening and closing details" in the bottom third of the script.
var row = table.row(tr);
Like I said, I'm using the same listener on another table and this line isn't an issue there. I've checked my punctuation multiple times and don't see any missing commas, semicolons, or quotes. You can see that I have 3 lines writing to the console log. Here's what I get if I comment out the offending line:
[tr.even, prevObject: n.fn.init[1], context: td.details-control, jquery: "1.11.0", constructor: function, selector: ""…]
[td.details-control, prevObject: n.fn.init[1], context: td.details-control, jquery: "1.11.0", constructor: function, selector: ""…]
I'm not a strong javascript or jQuery developer. All comments and suggestions are welcome.
Thanks.
I think you should replace
var table = $('#users_table').dataTable({...
by
var table = $('#users_table').DataTable({
The difference? Datable with a capital "D". Otherwise, you can't use the function table.row()
From the manual (https://datatables.net/manual/api), you can see:
It is important to note the difference between $( selector ).DataTable() and $( selector ).dataTable(). The former returns a DataTables API instance, while the latter returns a jQueryJS object. An api() method is added to the jQuery object so you can easily access the API, but the jQuery object can be useful for manipulating the table node, as you would with any other jQuery instance (such as using addClass(), etc.).

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