Basic Python Web application giving jinja2 error [duplicate] - javascript

I am trying to render the file home.html. The file exists in my project, but I keep getting jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: home.html when I try to render it. Why can't Flask find my template?
from flask import Flask, render_template
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/')
def home():
return render_template('home.html')
/myproject
app.py
home.html

You must create your template files in the correct location; in the templates subdirectory next to the python module (== the module where you create your Flask app).
The error indicates that there is no home.html file in the templates/ directory. Make sure you created that directory in the same directory as your python module, and that you did in fact put a home.html file in that subdirectory. If your app is a package, the templates folder should be created inside the package.
myproject/
app.py
templates/
home.html
myproject/
mypackage/
__init__.py
templates/
home.html
Alternatively, if you named your templates folder something other than templates and don't want to rename it to the default, you can tell Flask to use that other directory.
app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='template') # still relative to module
You can ask Flask to explain how it tried to find a given template, by setting the EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING option to True. For every template loaded, you'll get a report logged to the Flask app.logger, at level INFO.
This is what it looks like when a search is successful; in this example the foo/bar.html template extends the base.html template, so there are two searches:
[2019-06-15 16:03:39,197] INFO in debughelpers: Locating template "foo/bar.html":
1: trying loader of application "flaskpackagename"
class: jinja2.loaders.FileSystemLoader
encoding: 'utf-8'
followlinks: False
searchpath:
- /.../project/flaskpackagename/templates
-> found ('/.../project/flaskpackagename/templates/foo/bar.html')
[2019-06-15 16:03:39,203] INFO in debughelpers: Locating template "base.html":
1: trying loader of application "flaskpackagename"
class: jinja2.loaders.FileSystemLoader
encoding: 'utf-8'
followlinks: False
searchpath:
- /.../project/flaskpackagename/templates
-> found ('/.../project/flaskpackagename/templates/base.html')
Blueprints can register their own template directories too, but this is not a requirement if you are using blueprints to make it easier to split a larger project across logical units. The main Flask app template directory is always searched first even when using additional paths per blueprint.

I think Flask uses the directory template by default. So your code should be like this
suppose this is your hello.py
from flask import Flask,render_template
app=Flask(__name__,template_folder='template')
#app.route("/")
def home():
return render_template('home.html')
#app.route("/about/")
def about():
return render_template('about.html')
if __name__=="__main__":
app.run(debug=True)
And you work space structure like
project/
hello.py
template/
home.html
about.html
static/
js/
main.js
css/
main.css
also you have create two html files with name of home.html and about.html and put those files in templates folder.

If you must use a customized project directory structure (other than the accepted answer project structure),
we have the option to tell flask to look in the appropriate level of the directory hierarchy.
for example..
app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='../templates')
app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='../templates', static_folder='../static')
Starting with ../ moves one directory backwards and starts there.
Starting with ../../ moves two directories backwards and starts there (and so on...).
Within a sub-directory...
template_folder='templates/some_template'

I don't know why, but I had to use the following folder structure instead. I put "templates" one level up.
project/
app/
hello.py
static/
main.css
templates/
home.html
venv/
This probably indicates a misconfiguration elsewhere, but I couldn't figure out what that was and this worked.

If you run your code from an installed package, make sure template files are present in directory <python root>/lib/site-packages/your-package/templates.
Some details:
In my case I was trying to run examples of project flask_simple_ui and jinja would always say
jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: form.html
The trick was that sample program would import installed package flask_simple_ui. And ninja being used from inside that package is using as root directory for lookup the package path, in my case ...python/lib/site-packages/flask_simple_ui, instead of os.getcwd() as one would expect.
To my bad luck, setup.py has a bug and doesn't copy any html files, including the missing form.html. Once I fixed setup.py, the problem with TemplateNotFound vanished.
I hope it helps someone.

Check that:
the template file has the right name
the template file is in a subdirectory called templates
the name you pass to render_template is relative to the template directory (index.html would be directly in the templates directory, auth/login.html would be under the auth directory in the templates directory.)
you either do not have a subdirectory with the same name as your app, or the templates directory is inside that subdir.
If that doesn't work, turn on debugging (app.debug = True) which might help figure out what's wrong.

I had the same error turns out the only thing i did wrong was to name my 'templates' folder,'template' without 's'.
After changing that it worked fine,dont know why its a thing but it is.

You need to put all you .html files in the template folder next to your python module. And if there are any images that you are using in your html files then you need put all your files in the folder named static
In the following Structure
project/
hello.py
static/
image.jpg
style.css
templates/
homepage.html
virtual/
filename.json

When render_template() function is used it tries to search for template in the folder called templates and it throws error jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound when :
the file does not exist or
the templates folder does not exist
Create a folder with name templates in the same directory where the python file is located and place the html file created in the templates folder.

Another alternative is to set the root_path which fixes the problem both for templates and static folders.
root_path = Path(sys.executable).parent if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False) else Path(__file__).parent
app = Flask(__name__.split('.')[0], root_path=root_path)
If you render templates directly via Jinja2, then you write:
ENV = jinja2.Environment(loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader(str(root_path / 'templates')))
template = ENV.get_template(your_template_name)

After lots of work around, I got solution from this post only,
Link to the solution post
Add full path to template_folder parameter
app = Flask(__name__,
template_folder='/home/project/templates/'
)

My problem was that the file I was referencing from inside my home.html was a .j2 instead of a .html, and when I changed it back jinja could read it.
Stupid error but it might help someone.

Another explanation I've figured out for myself
When you create the Flask application, the folder where templates is looked for is the folder of the application according to name you've provided to Flask constructor:
app = Flask(__name__)
The __name__ here is the name of the module where application is running. So the appropriate folder will become the root one for folders search.
projects/
yourproject/
app/
templates/
So if you provide instead some random name the root folder for the search will be current folder.

Related

How index.js file is able to communicate with index.html?

In React project both index.html and index.js file are inside different folder and there is no link in between these two file. Then how we are able target div whose id is root of HTML file by
using document.getElementById("root") inside index.js file.
please answer this in easy language because i have just start learning this , I am compeletly begineer.
React is one of the best JS libraries out there. It simplifies the development process without cluttering the implementation details explicitly. The index.html and index.js get linked during runtime when you start the script. React uses webpack under the hood where the entry for the webpack is index.js and when it is run(after all the conversions) it injects the javascript code in the HTML file which is index.html. And you can see this injected code in the index.html when you build the bundle inside the build folder.

React & Webpack - Project set up for multi page application

I'm starting up a react project (using create-react-app) which will have multi "one page" components within. So, I assume, the directory structure for development would look like below:
/Project
/node_modules
/public
/src
/components
/layout
/popup
...
/pages
/dashboard
index.js
/profiles
index.js
...
If I build the project without any modification, it would bundle all the source code and resources under one directory. Well, that's not going to work for what I am trying to do for this project. I need to have different bundles for each page. So the bundles under the /public folder should look something similar to the following structure:
/Project
...
/build
/dashboard
/static
/css
/js
/media
index.html
/profiles
/static
/css
/js
/media
index.html
...
I looked at "Code Splitting" in webpack documentation. There's a good example with different entry points but I couldn't adapt it. How can I achieve the desired setup with webpack and react?
I would suggest to use React code splitting, using React Loadable, no need to modify Webpack configuration.
https://reactjs.org/docs/code-splitting.html
May be it is late to answer but I was facing the same issue and found a simple solution that I wanted to share.
I followed these steps:
Multiple entry points in webpack for each page
dynamic output bundle names for each entry point
Multiple html output files with different filenames using HtmlWebpackPlugin, also define particular chunks (bundles),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename: 'index.html',template: './src/index.html' ,chunks:['page1']})
Each template for each html page will have one div with particular id lets say root which is used by react app to render its app on dom.
Now every js entry point for each page will have
ReactDOM.render(<Page1 />, document.getElementById("root"));
Have a look at the Webpack docs on Multiple Entry files
And have a look at the examples in webpack's github

Javascript file not loading into Jade file

Here's the file structure i am using
-----+root
----------+app
--------------+common
--------------+config
--------------+controllers
--------------------------+rootPage.js
----------+public
--------------+rootPage.jade
----------+server.js
Here's my jade file
doctype
html(lang = 'en')
head
title PlanUrNight
meta(charset = 'utf-8')
link(rel = 'stylesheet' href = '//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootswatch/3.3.0/flatly/bootstrap.min.css')
link(src='//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js' rel = 'stylesheet')
link(rel = 'stylesheet' href = './css/rootPage.css')
body
nav.navbar.navbar-inverse(role= 'navigation')
.navbar-header
button.navbar-toggle.collapsed( type='button', data-toggle='collapse', data-target='#navbar-inverse', aria-expanded='false', aria-controls='navbar')
span.sr-only Toggle navigation
span.icon-bar
span.icon-bar
span.icon-bar
a.navbar-brand(href='#') PlanUrNight
.collapse.navbar-collapse#navbar-inverse
ul.nav.navbar-nav
li: a( href="#") Home
.collapse.navbar-collapse.navbar-right
.facebook-login-wrapper
a.btn.btn-primary(href='/auth/facebook') Facebook
span.fa.fa-facebook
.container-fluid
.row
.col-md-8.col-md-offset-2.main-container
.images-container
img.drink(src='img/drinking.png')
img.dance(src='img/couple_dancing.png')
img.club(src='img/club_ball.png')
.row
.col-md-2.col-md-offset-6.search-container
span.glyphicon.glyphicon-search
.input-group
input.form-control(type='text', placeholder='Search')
script( src='//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js' type='text/javascript')
script( src='./controllers/rootPage.js' type='text/javascript')
I have tried multiple variations of the source, but it just doesn't seem to be loading the JavaScript file. Each time I get an error log in my console, saying Error 404: rootPage.js not found
I am using express with node, and in my server.js file I have the following line for serving static files
app.use(express.static(__dirname+'/public'));
So what am I doing wrong here? Does the usage of the app.use line above change the root of my directory in some way so that I need to change the file path to access my JS files?
Or is there a different way to load JS files in Jade?
Your file organization is a bit wonky. Based on the one middleware you showed us, all files in the /public folder will be served as-is, but no static files elsewhere will be.
Generally, jade files that you're rendering with server logic are in a /views folder which is not served directly, but instead available to server side route handlers or controller logic to call res.render with.
So if you have clientside JS files you want to serve as static content you need them either under the /public folder or create more static middleware calls to point to whatever folder they are in.
/** Edit after first two comments **/
Sorry for not providing more examples, etc before, I was on my phone.
Wonky is perhaps a harsh term and I'm sorry. What I meant was it doesn't really match the standard layouts I've seen. There's a few ways to do it, but most small(ish) Express projects at least start out with the template generated by the express command line tool.
In that case, all the stuff in your ./root/app directory would be server-side code that doesn't get directly served to the client ever. Most of the sites I've seen (exception being the default template from the MEAN.js project) follow a pattern something like this:
app
- errors
- models
- controllers
- routes
- views
public
- css
- js
- img
package.json
server.js
Sometimes there's a lib folder that's a peer of app where you put utility stuff. 'views' is where all the jade templates live.
Everything in the public folder is exposed via a single middleware like you did:
app.use(express.static(__dirname+'/public'));
Everything else will not get served as static files. If you have a clientside JS structure that uses an MVC pattern, you'd then have model, view, and controller folders under ./public/js
The MEAN.js folks take a different approach, making each logical component of the app (e.g. user management, etc) into a module and then organizing each module as folders that look like ./<module name>/server and ./<module name>/client with structure for models, controllers, etc, under each of those depending on if it's server code or client code.
You're correct on how to add more more static middleware.
Try
script( src='./app/controllers/rootPage.js' type='text/javascript')

Angularstrap popover data-template making GET requests

I'm trying to convert an Express app templated with EJS to Angular. When trying to use the Angular Strap popover I want the popover content to show the data from a HTML partial. The problem is when I reference the file the server makes a GET request for that route and cannot be found.
My express configuration has the index.html file in a templates folder. The statics are in a public folder in a neighboring directory. The complete folder structure looks like this:
app
--public
--templates
-index.html
-user.html
The popover content I want is in user.html and it's being referenced from index.html. My angular code looks like this:
<a
title="User Info"
data-content="test"
data-template="/user.html"
bs-popover>whatever</a>
I've tried user.html, /user.html, and any combination of those. In the console it throws a 404 error from the root saying that http://hostname.com/user.html doesn't exist. My question is, how do I reference a partial html file in angular and get it to point to the right file and not to a GET request to the server?
I've also tried using angular-ui-bootstrap but it lacks partials support.
Thanks!
The files need to be in the folder defined by your Express configuration as the statics folder. So /user.html is looking in public/user.html for the file. If it doesn't find it, then it sends a GET request to the server.

Javascript with Django?

I know this has been asked before, but I'm having a hard time setting up JS on my Django web app, even though I'm reading the documentation.
I'm running the Django dev server. My file structure looks like this:
mysite/
__init__.py
MySiteDB
manage.py
settings.py
urls.py
myapp/
__init__.py
admin.py
models.py
test.py
views.py
templates/
index.html
Where do I want to put the Javascript and CSS? I've tried it in a bunch of places, including myapp/, templates/ and mysite/, but none seem to work.
From index.html:
<head>
<title>Degree Planner</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/JQuery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/scripts/sprintf.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/scripts/clientside.js"></script>
</head>
From urls.py:
(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': 'media'})
(r'^.*', 'mysite.myapp.views.index'),
I suspect that the serve() line is the cause of errors like:
TypeError at /admin/auth/
'tuple' object is not callable
Just to round off the rampant flailing, I changed these settings in settings.py:
MEDIA_ROOT = '/media/'
MEDIA_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/media'
UPDATE: I made some changes, but it's still not working:
settings.py:
ROOT_PATH = os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
urls.py:
(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': os.path.join(settings.ROOT_PATH, 'site_media')}),
index.html:
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/JQuery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/sprintf.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/clientside.js"></script>
Filesystem:
mysite/
site_media/
JQuery.js
sprintf.js
clientside.js
__init__.py
settings.py
manage.py
-- etc
myapp/
-- app files, etc
When I go to a url like http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/sprintf.js, I get:
Page not found: /media/sprintf.js
But does that /media/ global directory exist? And have you placed in there a scripts subdirectories with the scripts you want to serve from there? What about the /scripts/... url from which you want to serve JQuery.js -- that doesn't seem to be served anywhere from your urls.py. If you (for whatever reason) want to serve scripts (or any other statically served file) from several different URL paths, all of those URL paths need to be matched in urls.py with the static-serving -- or else, do the normal things and serve them all from the /media/... root URL, and map that media root to the dir where you actually keep these files (in their respective subdirs, typically).
Django's docs about static serving (for development only, since it's documented as
Using this method is inefficient and
insecure. Do not use this in a
production setting. Use this only for
development.
so beware!-) seems pretty clear to me.
You may want to use absolute path for 'document_root' in urls.py if you want to use the development server to serve static files. MEDIA_ROOT and MEDIA_URL don't play any role here.
Here are my settings for your reference. I put all static media files under site_media/
mysite/
site_media/
css/
js/
images/
...
in settings.py:
ROOT_PATH = os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
in urls.py:
url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', "django.views.static.serve", {'document_root':
os.path.join(settings.ROOT_PATH, 'site_media')})
You can move static files else where, just need to point 'document_root' to the correct path. Make sure comment out this url line for production deployment.
Actually, you can put your Javascript files (and all your static content) anywhere you want. I mean, Django does not impose a standard on where to place them, after all they won't be handled by Django, they'll be served by the webserver.
Said that, It's a good idea to keep them somewhere close to the project's files. I'd recommend to keep them in a sibling folder to your Django code. Same with MEDIA_ROOT.
It is a good idea to decouple your static files from python files because now you can put them in totally separate folders in a production environment and easily give different access to static files and python code (say FTP access, or permissions).
Something to keep in mind is that the settings' MEDIA_ROOT is the place where user's media files (that is uploaded content) will be placed, these are not your static project files, these are whatever files your Django app uploads (avatars, attachments, etc).
Proposed folder structure:
mysite.com/
media/ - User media, this goes in settings.MEDIA_ROOT
static/ - This is your static content folder
css/
js/
images/
templates/
project/ - This is your Django project folder
__init__.py
manage.py
settings.py
myapp/
__init__.py
...files..py
See the other responses recommendation on using Django's serve() function for development enviroment. Just make sure you add that url() to your urlpatterns under a settings.DEBUG is True conditional.
As for your templates, it's a good idea to use a context processor to send your static file's path to all your templates.
I serve javascript via static. So I have something in my urls.py like
(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': os.getenv('STATIC_DIR')})
So JS urls look like /static/js/blah.js, CSS urls look like /static/css/blah.css, etc. I have Apache handle the static directory when running in production to avoid any issues with Django's static serving mechanism.
For my development work, I use Django's built-in server, but I read the media files from the same directory as they would be in production (/srv/nginx/sitename/media/). So I clone the exact directory structure of my production server on my computer at home, letting me seamlessly push changes to production without having to change anything.
I keep two different settings.py files, though. My home settings.py file has my local database settings, a different MEDIA_URL setting, and DEBUG set to True. I use this in my URLs file to enable the server view for local media (since I don't run nginx on my home computer).
In urls.py:
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += patterns('',
(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',
{'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
)
From settings.py (note, MEDIA_ROOT must be an absolute path):
# Absolute path to the directory that holds media.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/"
MEDIA_ROOT = '/srv/nginx/<sitename>/media/'
# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash if there is a path component (optional in other cases).
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/'
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
# I've taken out my other processors for this example
"django.core.context_processors.media",
)
In a template:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ MEDIA_URL }}css/form.css" />{% endblock %}
Filesystems:
/srv/nginx/<sitename>
/media <-- MEDIA_ROOT/MEDIA_URL points to here
/css
base.css
form.css
/img
/js
Oh, also: if that's a direct copy from your urls.py file, you forgot a comma after your serve view, that's causing your TypeError ;)
The error 404 occurs because MEDIA_ROOT requires absolute path, not relative. The server is trying to access /media in your filesystem, which is obviously not what you want.
Try this instead:
import os
PROJECT_PATH = os.path.realpath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_PATH, 'site_media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
This is a structure I use in a project separated into multiple apps. It's a good practice to adapt this structure right at the start -- you don't want global rearrangement when you need to add another app to your project.
/media
favicon.ico
robots.txt
/upload # user uploaded files
/js # global js files like jQuery
/main_app
/js
/css
/img
/other_app
/js
/css
/img
Then I use excellent StaticMiddleware from django-annoying to serve files. settings.py:
import os
import annoying
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "media")
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'annoying.middlewares.StaticServe',
#...
)
I just remove the '^',
"r'static/" instead of "r'^static/".
It's works for me ,good luck.
url(r'static/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',
{ 'document_root': the_path }),

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