Related
There should be something akin to \w that can match any code-point in Letters or Marks category (not just the ASCII ones), and hopefully have filters like [[P*]] for punctuation, etc.
Situation for ES 6
The ECMAScript language specification, edition 6 (also commonly known as ES2015), includes Unicode-aware regular expressions. Support must be enabled with the u modifier on the regex. See Unicode-aware regular expressions in ES6 for a break-down of the feature and some caveats.
ES6 is widely adopted in both browsers and stand-alone Javascript runtimes such as Node.js, so using this feature won't require extra effort in most cases. Full compatibility list: https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/
Situation for ES 5 and below (legacy browsers)
There is a transpiler named regexpu that translates ES6 Unicode regular expressions into equivalent ES5. It can be used as part of your build process. Try it out online..
Even though JavaScript operates on Unicode strings, it does not implement Unicode-aware character classes and has no concept of POSIX character classes or Unicode blocks/sub-ranges.
Issues with Unicode in JavaScript regular expressions
Check your expectations here: Javascript RegExp Unicode Character Class tester (Edit: the original page is down, the Internet Archive still has a copy.)
Flagrant Badassery has an article on JavaScript, Regex, and Unicode that sheds some light on the matter.
Also read Regex and Unicode here on SO. Probably you have to build your own "punctuation character class".
Check out the Regular Expression: Match Unicode Block Range builder (archived copy), which lets you build a JavaScript regular expression that matches characters that fall in any number of specified Unicode blocks.
I just did it for the "General Punctuation" and "Supplemental Punctuation" sub-ranges, and the result is as simple and straight-forward as I would have expected it:
[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F]
There also is XRegExp, a project that brings Unicode support to JavaScript by offering an alternative regex engine with extended capabilities.
And of course, required reading: mathiasbynens.be - JavaScript has a Unicode problem:
Personally, I would rather not install another library just to get this functionality. My answer does not require any external libraries, and it may also work with little modification for regex flavors besides JavaScript.
Unicode's website provides a way to translate Unicode categories into a set of code points. Since it's Unicode's website, the information from it should be accurate.
Note that you will need to exclude the high-end characters, as JavaScript can only handle characters less than FFFF (hex). I suggest checking the Abbreviate Collate, and Escape check boxes, which strike a balance between avoiding unprintable characters and minimizing the size of the regex.
Here are some common expansions of different Unicode properties:
\p{L} (Letters):
[A-Za-z\u00AA\u00B5\u00BA\u00C0-\u00D6\u00D8-\u00F6\u00F8-\u02C1\u02C6-\u02D1\u02E0-\u02E4\u02EC\u02EE\u0370-\u0374\u0376\u0377\u037A-\u037D\u037F\u0386\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03F5\u03F7-\u0481\u048A-\u052F\u0531-\u0556\u0559\u0561-\u0587\u05D0-\u05EA\u05F0-\u05F2\u0620-\u064A\u066E\u066F\u0671-\u06D3\u06D5\u06E5\u06E6\u06EE\u06EF\u06FA-\u06FC\u06FF\u0710\u0712-\u072F\u074D-\u07A5\u07B1\u07CA-\u07EA\u07F4\u07F5\u07FA\u0800-\u0815\u081A\u0824\u0828\u0840-\u0858\u08A0-\u08B4\u0904-\u0939\u093D\u0950\u0958-\u0961\u0971-\u0980\u0985-\u098C\u098F\u0990\u0993-\u09A8\u09AA-\u09B0\u09B2\u09B6-\u09B9\u09BD\u09CE\u09DC\u09DD\u09DF-\u09E1\u09F0\u09F1\u0A05-\u0A0A\u0A0F\u0A10\u0A13-\u0A28\u0A2A-\u0A30\u0A32\u0A33\u0A35\u0A36\u0A38\u0A39\u0A59-\u0A5C\u0A5E\u0A72-\u0A74\u0A85-\u0A8D\u0A8F-\u0A91\u0A93-\u0AA8\u0AAA-\u0AB0\u0AB2\u0AB3\u0AB5-\u0AB9\u0ABD\u0AD0\u0AE0\u0AE1\u0AF9\u0B05-\u0B0C\u0B0F\u0B10\u0B13-\u0B28\u0B2A-\u0B30\u0B32\u0B33\u0B35-\u0B39\u0B3D\u0B5C\u0B5D\u0B5F-\u0B61\u0B71\u0B83\u0B85-\u0B8A\u0B8E-\u0B90\u0B92-\u0B95\u0B99\u0B9A\u0B9C\u0B9E\u0B9F\u0BA3\u0BA4\u0BA8-\u0BAA\u0BAE-\u0BB9\u0BD0\u0C05-\u0C0C\u0C0E-\u0C10\u0C12-\u0C28\u0C2A-\u0C39\u0C3D\u0C58-\u0C5A\u0C60\u0C61\u0C85-\u0C8C\u0C8E-\u0C90\u0C92-\u0CA8\u0CAA-\u0CB3\u0CB5-\u0CB9\u0CBD\u0CDE\u0CE0\u0CE1\u0CF1\u0CF2\u0D05-\u0D0C\u0D0E-\u0D10\u0D12-\u0D3A\u0D3D\u0D4E\u0D5F-\u0D61\u0D7A-\u0D7F\u0D85-\u0D96\u0D9A-\u0DB1\u0DB3-\u0DBB\u0DBD\u0DC0-\u0DC6\u0E01-\u0E30\u0E32\u0E33\u0E40-\u0E46\u0E81\u0E82\u0E84\u0E87\u0E88\u0E8A\u0E8D\u0E94-\u0E97\u0E99-\u0E9F\u0EA1-\u0EA3\u0EA5\u0EA7\u0EAA\u0EAB\u0EAD-\u0EB0\u0EB2\u0EB3\u0EBD\u0EC0-\u0EC4\u0EC6\u0EDC-\u0EDF\u0F00\u0F40-\u0F47\u0F49-\u0F6C\u0F88-\u0F8C\u1000-\u102A\u103F\u1050-\u1055\u105A-\u105D\u1061\u1065\u1066\u106E-\u1070\u1075-\u1081\u108E\u10A0-\u10C5\u10C7\u10CD\u10D0-\u10FA\u10FC-\u1248\u124A-\u124D\u1250-\u1256\u1258\u125A-\u125D\u1260-\u1288\u128A-\u128D\u1290-\u12B0\u12B2-\u12B5\u12B8-\u12BE\u12C0\u12C2-\u12C5\u12C8-\u12D6\u12D8-\u1310\u1312-\u1315\u1318-\u135A\u1380-\u138F\u13A0-\u13F5\u13F8-\u13FD\u1401-\u166C\u166F-\u167F\u1681-\u169A\u16A0-\u16EA\u16F1-\u16F8\u1700-\u170C\u170E-\u1711\u1720-\u1731\u1740-\u1751\u1760-\u176C\u176E-\u1770\u1780-\u17B3\u17D7\u17DC\u1820-\u1877\u1880-\u18A8\u18AA\u18B0-\u18F5\u1900-\u191E\u1950-\u196D\u1970-\u1974\u1980-\u19AB\u19B0-\u19C9\u1A00-\u1A16\u1A20-\u1A54\u1AA7\u1B05-\u1B33\u1B45-\u1B4B\u1B83-\u1BA0\u1BAE\u1BAF\u1BBA-\u1BE5\u1C00-\u1C23\u1C4D-\u1C4F\u1C5A-\u1C7D\u1CE9-\u1CEC\u1CEE-\u1CF1\u1CF5\u1CF6\u1D00-\u1DBF\u1E00-\u1F15\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F20-\u1F45\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D\u1F5F-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FBC\u1FBE\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FCC\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FDB\u1FE0-\u1FEC\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FFC\u2071\u207F\u2090-\u209C\u2102\u2107\u210A-\u2113\u2115\u2119-\u211D\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212A-\u212D\u212F-\u2139\u213C-\u213F\u2145-\u2149\u214E\u2183\u2184\u2C00-\u2C2E\u2C30-\u2C5E\u2C60-\u2CE4\u2CEB-\u2CEE\u2CF2\u2CF3\u2D00-\u2D25\u2D27\u2D2D\u2D30-\u2D67\u2D6F\u2D80-\u2D96\u2DA0-\u2DA6\u2DA8-\u2DAE\u2DB0-\u2DB6\u2DB8-\u2DBE\u2DC0-\u2DC6\u2DC8-\u2DCE\u2DD0-\u2DD6\u2DD8-\u2DDE\u2E2F\u3005\u3006\u3031-\u3035\u303B\u303C\u3041-\u3096\u309D-\u309F\u30A1-\u30FA\u30FC-\u30FF\u3105-\u312D\u3131-\u318E\u31A0-\u31BA\u31F0-\u31FF\u3400-\u4DB5\u4E00-\u9FD5\uA000-\uA48C\uA4D0-\uA4FD\uA500-\uA60C\uA610-\uA61F\uA62A\uA62B\uA640-\uA66E\uA67F-\uA69D\uA6A0-\uA6E5\uA717-\uA71F\uA722-\uA788\uA78B-\uA7AD\uA7B0-\uA7B7\uA7F7-\uA801\uA803-\uA805\uA807-\uA80A\uA80C-\uA822\uA840-\uA873\uA882-\uA8B3\uA8F2-\uA8F7\uA8FB\uA8FD\uA90A-\uA925\uA930-\uA946\uA960-\uA97C\uA984-\uA9B2\uA9CF\uA9E0-\uA9E4\uA9E6-\uA9EF\uA9FA-\uA9FE\uAA00-\uAA28\uAA40-\uAA42\uAA44-\uAA4B\uAA60-\uAA76\uAA7A\uAA7E-\uAAAF\uAAB1\uAAB5\uAAB6\uAAB9-\uAABD\uAAC0\uAAC2\uAADB-\uAADD\uAAE0-\uAAEA\uAAF2-\uAAF4\uAB01-\uAB06\uAB09-\uAB0E\uAB11-\uAB16\uAB20-\uAB26\uAB28-\uAB2E\uAB30-\uAB5A\uAB5C-\uAB65\uAB70-\uABE2\uAC00-\uD7A3\uD7B0-\uD7C6\uD7CB-\uD7FB\uF900-\uFA6D\uFA70-\uFAD9\uFB00-\uFB06\uFB13-\uFB17\uFB1D\uFB1F-\uFB28\uFB2A-\uFB36\uFB38-\uFB3C\uFB3E\uFB40\uFB41\uFB43\uFB44\uFB46-\uFBB1\uFBD3-\uFD3D\uFD50-\uFD8F\uFD92-\uFDC7\uFDF0-\uFDFB\uFE70-\uFE74\uFE76-\uFEFC\uFF21-\uFF3A\uFF41-\uFF5A\uFF66-\uFFBE\uFFC2-\uFFC7\uFFCA-\uFFCF\uFFD2-\uFFD7\uFFDA-\uFFDC]
\p{Nd} (Number decimal digits):
[0-9\u0660-\u0669\u06F0-\u06F9\u07C0-\u07C9\u0966-\u096F\u09E6-\u09EF\u0A66-\u0A6F\u0AE6-\u0AEF\u0B66-\u0B6F\u0BE6-\u0BEF\u0C66-\u0C6F\u0CE6-\u0CEF\u0D66-\u0D6F\u0DE6-\u0DEF\u0E50-\u0E59\u0ED0-\u0ED9\u0F20-\u0F29\u1040-\u1049\u1090-\u1099\u17E0-\u17E9\u1810-\u1819\u1946-\u194F\u19D0-\u19D9\u1A80-\u1A89\u1A90-\u1A99\u1B50-\u1B59\u1BB0-\u1BB9\u1C40-\u1C49\u1C50-\u1C59\uA620-\uA629\uA8D0-\uA8D9\uA900-\uA909\uA9D0-\uA9D9\uA9F0-\uA9F9\uAA50-\uAA59\uABF0-\uABF9\uFF10-\uFF19]
\p{P} (Punctuation):
[!-#%-*,-/\:;?#\[-\]_\{\}\u00A1\u00A7\u00AB\u00B6\u00B7\u00BB\u00BF\u037E\u0387\u055A-\u055F\u0589\u058A\u05BE\u05C0\u05C3\u05C6\u05F3\u05F4\u0609\u060A\u060C\u060D\u061B\u061E\u061F\u066A-\u066D\u06D4\u0700-\u070D\u07F7-\u07F9\u0830-\u083E\u085E\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0AF0\u0DF4\u0E4F\u0E5A\u0E5B\u0F04-\u0F12\u0F14\u0F3A-\u0F3D\u0F85\u0FD0-\u0FD4\u0FD9\u0FDA\u104A-\u104F\u10FB\u1360-\u1368\u1400\u166D\u166E\u169B\u169C\u16EB-\u16ED\u1735\u1736\u17D4-\u17D6\u17D8-\u17DA\u1800-\u180A\u1944\u1945\u1A1E\u1A1F\u1AA0-\u1AA6\u1AA8-\u1AAD\u1B5A-\u1B60\u1BFC-\u1BFF\u1C3B-\u1C3F\u1C7E\u1C7F\u1CC0-\u1CC7\u1CD3\u2010-\u2027\u2030-\u2043\u2045-\u2051\u2053-\u205E\u207D\u207E\u208D\u208E\u2308-\u230B\u2329\u232A\u2768-\u2775\u27C5\u27C6\u27E6-\u27EF\u2983-\u2998\u29D8-\u29DB\u29FC\u29FD\u2CF9-\u2CFC\u2CFE\u2CFF\u2D70\u2E00-\u2E2E\u2E30-\u2E42\u3001-\u3003\u3008-\u3011\u3014-\u301F\u3030\u303D\u30A0\u30FB\uA4FE\uA4FF\uA60D-\uA60F\uA673\uA67E\uA6F2-\uA6F7\uA874-\uA877\uA8CE\uA8CF\uA8F8-\uA8FA\uA8FC\uA92E\uA92F\uA95F\uA9C1-\uA9CD\uA9DE\uA9DF\uAA5C-\uAA5F\uAADE\uAADF\uAAF0\uAAF1\uABEB\uFD3E\uFD3F\uFE10-\uFE19\uFE30-\uFE52\uFE54-\uFE61\uFE63\uFE68\uFE6A\uFE6B\uFF01-\uFF03\uFF05-\uFF0A\uFF0C-\uFF0F\uFF1A\uFF1B\uFF1F\uFF20\uFF3B-\uFF3D\uFF3F\uFF5B\uFF5D\uFF5F-\uFF65]
The page also recognizes a number of obscure character classes, such as \p{Hira}, which is just the (Japanese) Hiragana characters:
[\u3041-\u3096\u309D-\u309F]
Lastly, it's possible to plug a char class with more than one Unicode property to get a shorter regex than you would get by just combining them (as long as certain settings are checked).
Having also not found a good solution, I wrote a small script a long time ago, by downloading data from the unicode specification (v.5.0.0) and generating intervals for each unicode category and subcategory in the BMP (lately replaced by a small Java program that uses its own native Unicode support).
Basically it converts \p{...} to a range of values, much like the output of the tool mentioned by Tomalak, but the intervals can end up quite large (since it's not dealing with blocks, but with characters scattered through many different places).
For instance, a Regex written like this:
var regex = unicode_hack(/\p{L}(\p{L}|\p{Nd})*/g);
Will be converted to something like this:
/[\u0041-\u005a\u0061-\u007a...]([...]|[\u0030-\u0039\u0660-\u0669...])*/g
Haven't used it a lot in practice, but it seems to work fine from my tests, so I'm posting here in case someone find it useful. Despite the length of the resulting regexes (the example above has 3591 characters when expanded), the performance seems to be acceptable (see the tests at jsFiddle; thanks to #modiX and #Lwangaman for the improvements).
Here's the source (raw, 27.5KB; minified, 24.9KB, not much better...). It might be made smaller by unescaping the unicode characters, but OTOH will run the risk of encoding issues, so I'm leaving as it is. Hopefully with ES6 this kind of thing won't be necessary anymore.
Update: this looks like the same strategy adopted in the XRegExp Unicode plug-in mentioned by Tim Down, except that in this case regular JavaScript regexes are being used.
September 2018 (updated February 2019)
It seems that regexp /\p{L}/u for match letters (as unicode categories)
works on Chrome 68.0.3440.106 and Safari 11.1.2 (13605.3.8)
NOT working on Firefox 65.0 :(
Here is a working example
In below field you should be able to to type letters but not numbers<br>
<input type="text" name="field" onkeydown="return /\p{L}/u.test(event.key)" >
I report this bug here.
Update
After over 2 years according to: 1500035 > 1361876 > 1634135 finally this bug is fixed and will be available in Firefox v.78+
[^\u0000-\u007F]+ for any characters which is not included ASCII characters.
For example:
function isNonLatinCharacters(s) {
return /[^\u0000-\u007F]/.test(s);
}
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("身分"));// Japanese
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("测试"));// Chinese
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("حمید"));// Persian
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("테스트"));// Korean
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("परीक्षण"));// Hindi
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("מִבְחָן"));// Hebrew
Here are some perfect references:
Unicode range RegExp generator
Unicode Regular Expressions
Unicode 10.0 Character Code Charts
Match Unicode Block Range
As mentioned in other answers, JavaScript regexes have no support for Unicode character classes. However, there is a library that does provide this: Steven Levithan's excellent XRegExp and its Unicode plug-in.
In JavaScript, \w and \d are ASCII, while \s is Unicode. Don't ask me why. JavaScript does support \p with Unicode categories, which you can use to emulate a Unicode-aware \w and \d.
For \d use \p{N} (numbers)
For \w use [\p{L}\p{N}\p{Pc}\p{M}] (letters, numbers, underscores, marks)
Update: Unfortunately, I was wrong about this. JavaScript does does not officially support \p either, though some implementations may still support this. The only Unicode support in JavaScript regexes is matching specific code points with \uFFFF. You can use those in ranges in character classes.
This will do it:
/[A-Za-z\u00C0-\u00FF ]+/.exec('hipopótamo maçã pólen ñ poção água língüa')
It explicitly selects a range of unicode characters.
It will work for latin characters, but other strange characters may be out of this range.
If you are using Babel then Unicode support is already available.
I also released a plugin which transforms your source code such that you can write regular expressions like /^\p{L}+$/. These will then be transformed into something that browsers understand.
Here is the project page of the plugin:
babel-plugin-utf-8-regex
I'm answering this question
What would be the equivalent for \p{Lu} or \p{Ll} in regExp for js?
since it was marked as an exact duplicate of the current old question.
Querying the UCD Database of Unicode 12, \p{Lu} generates 1,788 code points.
Converting to UTF-16 yields the class construct equivalency.
It's only a 4k character string and is easily doable in any regex engines.
(?:[\u0041-\u005A\u00C0-\u00D6\u00D8-\u00DE\u0100\u0102\u0104\u0106\u0108\u010A\u010C\u010E\u0110\u0112\u0114\u0116\u0118\u011A\u011C\u011E\u0120\u0122\u0124\u0126\u0128\u012A\u012C\u012E\u0130\u0132\u0134\u0136\u0139\u013B\u013D\u013F\u0141\u0143\u0145\u0147\u014A\u014C\u014E\u0150\u0152\u0154\u0156\u0158\u015A\u015C\u015E\u0160\u0162\u0164\u0166\u0168\u016A\u016C\u016E\u0170\u0172\u0174\u0176\u0178-\u0179\u017B\u017D\u0181-\u0182\u0184\u0186-\u0187\u0189-\u018B\u018E-\u0191\u0193-\u0194\u0196-\u0198\u019C-\u019D\u019F-\u01A0\u01A2\u01A4\u01A6-\u01A7\u01A9\u01AC\u01AE-\u01AF\u01B1-\u01B3\u01B5\u01B7-\u01B8\u01BC\u01C4\u01C7\u01CA\u01CD\u01CF\u01D1\u01D3\u01D5\u01D7\u01D9\u01DB\u01DE\u01E0\u01E2\u01E4\u01E6\u01E8\u01EA\u01EC\u01EE\u01F1\u01F4\u01F6-\u01F8\u01FA\u01FC\u01FE\u0200\u0202\u0204\u0206\u0208\u020A\u020C\u020E\u0210\u0212\u0214\u0216\u0218\u021A\u021C\u021E\u0220\u0222\u0224\u0226\u0228\u022A\u022C\u022E\u0230\u0232\u023A-\u023B\u023D-\u023E\u0241\u0243-\u0246\u0248\u024A\u024C\u024E\u0370\u0372\u0376\u037F\u0386\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u038F\u0391-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03AB\u03CF\u03D2-\u03D4\u03D8\u03DA\u03DC\u03DE\u03E0\u03E2\u03E4\u03E6\u03E8\u03EA\u03EC\u03EE\u03F4\u03F7\u03F9-\u03FA\u03FD-\u042F\u0460\u0462\u0464\u0466\u0468\u046A\u046C\u046E\u0470\u0472\u0474\u0476\u0478\u047A\u047C\u047E\u0480\u048A\u048C\u048E\u0490\u0492\u0494\u0496\u0498\u049A\u049C\u049E\u04A0\u04A2\u04A4\u04A6\u04A8\u04AA\u04AC\u04AE\u04B0\u04B2\u04B4\u04B6\u04B8\u04BA\u04BC\u04BE\u04C0-\u04C1\u04C3\u04C5\u04C7\u04C9\u04CB\u04CD\u04D0\u04D2\u04D4\u04D6\u04D8\u04DA\u04DC\u04DE\u04E0\u04E2\u04E4\u04E6\u04E8\u04EA\u04EC\u04EE\u04F0\u04F2\u04F4\u04F6\u04F8\u04FA\u04FC\u04FE\u0500\u0502\u0504\u0506\u0508\u050A\u050C\u050E\u0510\u0512\u0514\u0516\u0518\u051A\u051C\u051E\u0520\u0522\u0524\u0526\u0528\u052A\u052C\u052E\u0531-\u0556\u10A0-\u10C5\u10C7\u10CD\u13A0-\u13F5\u1C90-\u1CBA\u1CBD-\u1CBF\u1E00\u1E02\u1E04\u1E06\u1E08\u1E0A\u1E0C\u1E0E\u1E10\u1E12\u1E14\u1E16\u1E18\u1E1A\u1E1C\u1E1E\u1E20\u1E22\u1E24\u1E26\u1E28\u1E2A\u1E2C\u1E2E\u1E30\u1E32\u1E34\u1E36\u1E38\u1E3A\u1E3C\u1E3E\u1E40\u1E42\u1E44\u1E46\u1E48\u1E4A\u1E4C\u1E4E\u1E50\u1E52\u1E54\u1E56\u1E58\u1E5A\u1E5C\u1E5E\u1E60\u1E62\u1E64\u1E66\u1E68\u1E6A\u1E6C\u1E6E\u1E70\u1E72\u1E74\u1E76\u1E78\u1E7A\u1E7C\u1E7E\u1E80\u1E82\u1E84\u1E86\u1E88\u1E8A\u1E8C\u1E8E\u1E90\u1E92\u1E94\u1E9E\u1EA0\u1EA2\u1EA4\u1EA6\u1EA8\u1EAA\u1EAC\u1EAE\u1EB0\u1EB2\u1EB4\u1EB6\u1EB8\u1EBA\u1EBC\u1EBE\u1EC0\u1EC2\u1EC4\u1EC6\u1EC8\u1ECA\u1ECC\u1ECE\u1ED0\u1ED2\u1ED4\u1ED6\u1ED8\u1EDA\u1EDC\u1EDE\u1EE0\u1EE2\u1EE4\u1EE6\u1EE8\u1EEA\u1EEC\u1EEE\u1EF0\u1EF2\u1EF4\u1EF6\u1EF8\u1EFA\u1EFC\u1EFE\u1F08-\u1F0F\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F28-\u1F2F\u1F38-\u1F3F\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D\u1F5F\u1F68-\u1F6F\u1FB8-\u1FBB\u1FC8-\u1FCB\u1FD8-\u1FDB\u1FE8-\u1FEC\u1FF8-\u1FFB\u2102\u2107\u210B-\u210D\u2110-\u2112\u2115\u2119-\u211D\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212A-\u212D\u2130-\u2133\u213E-\u213F\u2145\u2183\u2C00-\u2C2E\u2C60\u2C62-\u2C64\u2C67\u2C69\u2C6B\u2C6D-\u2C70\u2C72\u2C75\u2C7E-\u2C80\u2C82\u2C84\u2C86\u2C88\u2C8A\u2C8C\u2C8E\u2C90\u2C92\u2C94\u2C96\u2C98\u2C9A\u2C9C\u2C9E\u2CA0\u2CA2\u2CA4\u2CA6\u2CA8\u2CAA\u2CAC\u2CAE\u2CB0\u2CB2\u2CB4\u2CB6\u2CB8\u2CBA\u2CBC\u2CBE\u2CC0\u2CC2\u2CC4\u2CC6\u2CC8\u2CCA\u2CCC\u2CCE\u2CD0\u2CD2\u2CD4\u2CD6\u2CD8\u2CDA\u2CDC\u2CDE\u2CE0\u2CE2\u2CEB\u2CED\u2CF2\uA640\uA642\uA644\uA646\uA648\uA64A\uA64C\uA64E\uA650\uA652\uA654\uA656\uA658\uA65A\uA65C\uA65E\uA660\uA662\uA664\uA666\uA668\uA66A\uA66C\uA680\uA682\uA684\uA686\uA688\uA68A\uA68C\uA68E\uA690\uA692\uA694\uA696\uA698\uA69A\uA722\uA724\uA726\uA728\uA72A\uA72C\uA72E\uA732\uA734\uA736\uA738\uA73A\uA73C\uA73E\uA740\uA742\uA744\uA746\uA748\uA74A\uA74C\uA74E\uA750\uA752\uA754\uA756\uA758\uA75A\uA75C\uA75E\uA760\uA762\uA764\uA766\uA768\uA76A\uA76C\uA76E\uA779\uA77B\uA77D-\uA77E\uA780\uA782\uA784\uA786\uA78B\uA78D\uA790\uA792\uA796\uA798\uA79A\uA79C\uA79E\uA7A0\uA7A2\uA7A4\uA7A6\uA7A8\uA7AA-\uA7AE\uA7B0-\uA7B4\uA7B6\uA7B8\uA7BA\uA7BC\uA7BE\uA7C2\uA7C4-\uA7C6\uFF21-\uFF3A]|(?:\uD801[\uDC00-\uDC27\uDCB0-\uDCD3]|\uD803[\uDC80-\uDCB2]|\uD806[\uDCA0-\uDCBF]|\uD81B[\uDE40-\uDE5F]|\uD835[\uDC00-\uDC19\uDC34-\uDC4D\uDC68-\uDC81\uDC9C\uDC9E-\uDC9F\uDCA2\uDCA5-\uDCA6\uDCA9-\uDCAC\uDCAE-\uDCB5\uDCD0-\uDCE9\uDD04-\uDD05\uDD07-\uDD0A\uDD0D-\uDD14\uDD16-\uDD1C\uDD38-\uDD39\uDD3B-\uDD3E\uDD40-\uDD44\uDD46\uDD4A-\uDD50\uDD6C-\uDD85\uDDA0-\uDDB9\uDDD4-\uDDED\uDE08-\uDE21\uDE3C-\uDE55\uDE70-\uDE89\uDEA8-\uDEC0\uDEE2-\uDEFA\uDF1C-\uDF34\uDF56-\uDF6E\uDF90-\uDFA8\uDFCA]|\uD83A[\uDD00-\uDD21]))
Querying the UCD database of Unicode 12, \p{Ll} generates 2,151 code points.
Converting to UTF-16 yields the class construct equivalency.
(?:[\u0061-\u007A\u00B5\u00DF-\u00F6\u00F8-\u00FF\u0101\u0103\u0105\u0107\u0109\u010B\u010D\u010F\u0111\u0113\u0115\u0117\u0119\u011B\u011D\u011F\u0121\u0123\u0125\u0127\u0129\u012B\u012D\u012F\u0131\u0133\u0135\u0137-\u0138\u013A\u013C\u013E\u0140\u0142\u0144\u0146\u0148-\u0149\u014B\u014D\u014F\u0151\u0153\u0155\u0157\u0159\u015B\u015D\u015F\u0161\u0163\u0165\u0167\u0169\u016B\u016D\u016F\u0171\u0173\u0175\u0177\u017A\u017C\u017E-\u0180\u0183\u0185\u0188\u018C-\u018D\u0192\u0195\u0199-\u019B\u019E\u01A1\u01A3\u01A5\u01A8\u01AA-\u01AB\u01AD\u01B0\u01B4\u01B6\u01B9-\u01BA\u01BD-\u01BF\u01C6\u01C9\u01CC\u01CE\u01D0\u01D2\u01D4\u01D6\u01D8\u01DA\u01DC-\u01DD\u01DF\u01E1\u01E3\u01E5\u01E7\u01E9\u01EB\u01ED\u01EF-\u01F0\u01F3\u01F5\u01F9\u01FB\u01FD\u01FF\u0201\u0203\u0205\u0207\u0209\u020B\u020D\u020F\u0211\u0213\u0215\u0217\u0219\u021B\u021D\u021F\u0221\u0223\u0225\u0227\u0229\u022B\u022D\u022F\u0231\u0233-\u0239\u023C\u023F-\u0240\u0242\u0247\u0249\u024B\u024D\u024F-\u0293\u0295-\u02AF\u0371\u0373\u0377\u037B-\u037D\u0390\u03AC-\u03CE\u03D0-\u03D1\u03D5-\u03D7\u03D9\u03DB\u03DD\u03DF\u03E1\u03E3\u03E5\u03E7\u03E9\u03EB\u03ED\u03EF-\u03F3\u03F5\u03F8\u03FB-\u03FC\u0430-\u045F\u0461\u0463\u0465\u0467\u0469\u046B\u046D\u046F\u0471\u0473\u0475\u0477\u0479\u047B\u047D\u047F\u0481\u048B\u048D\u048F\u0491\u0493\u0495\u0497\u0499\u049B\u049D\u049F\u04A1\u04A3\u04A5\u04A7\u04A9\u04AB\u04AD\u04AF\u04B1\u04B3\u04B5\u04B7\u04B9\u04BB\u04BD\u04BF\u04C2\u04C4\u04C6\u04C8\u04CA\u04CC\u04CE-\u04CF\u04D1\u04D3\u04D5\u04D7\u04D9\u04DB\u04DD\u04DF\u04E1\u04E3\u04E5\u04E7\u04E9\u04EB\u04ED\u04EF\u04F1\u04F3\u04F5\u04F7\u04F9\u04FB\u04FD\u04FF\u0501\u0503\u0505\u0507\u0509\u050B\u050D\u050F\u0511\u0513\u0515\u0517\u0519\u051B\u051D\u051F\u0521\u0523\u0525\u0527\u0529\u052B\u052D\u052F\u0560-\u0588\u10D0-\u10FA\u10FD-\u10FF\u13F8-\u13FD\u1C80-\u1C88\u1D00-\u1D2B\u1D6B-\u1D77\u1D79-\u1D9A\u1E01\u1E03\u1E05\u1E07\u1E09\u1E0B\u1E0D\u1E0F\u1E11\u1E13\u1E15\u1E17\u1E19\u1E1B\u1E1D\u1E1F\u1E21\u1E23\u1E25\u1E27\u1E29\u1E2B\u1E2D\u1E2F\u1E31\u1E33\u1E35\u1E37\u1E39\u1E3B\u1E3D\u1E3F\u1E41\u1E43\u1E45\u1E47\u1E49\u1E4B\u1E4D\u1E4F\u1E51\u1E53\u1E55\u1E57\u1E59\u1E5B\u1E5D\u1E5F\u1E61\u1E63\u1E65\u1E67\u1E69\u1E6B\u1E6D\u1E6F\u1E71\u1E73\u1E75\u1E77\u1E79\u1E7B\u1E7D\u1E7F\u1E81\u1E83\u1E85\u1E87\u1E89\u1E8B\u1E8D\u1E8F\u1E91\u1E93\u1E95-\u1E9D\u1E9F\u1EA1\u1EA3\u1EA5\u1EA7\u1EA9\u1EAB\u1EAD\u1EAF\u1EB1\u1EB3\u1EB5\u1EB7\u1EB9\u1EBB\u1EBD\u1EBF\u1EC1\u1EC3\u1EC5\u1EC7\u1EC9\u1ECB\u1ECD\u1ECF\u1ED1\u1ED3\u1ED5\u1ED7\u1ED9\u1EDB\u1EDD\u1EDF\u1EE1\u1EE3\u1EE5\u1EE7\u1EE9\u1EEB\u1EED\u1EEF\u1EF1\u1EF3\u1EF5\u1EF7\u1EF9\u1EFB\u1EFD\u1EFF-\u1F07\u1F10-\u1F15\u1F20-\u1F27\u1F30-\u1F37\u1F40-\u1F45\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F60-\u1F67\u1F70-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1F87\u1F90-\u1F97\u1FA0-\u1FA7\u1FB0-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FB7\u1FBE\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FC7\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FD7\u1FE0-\u1FE7\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FF7\u210A\u210E-\u210F\u2113\u212F\u2134\u2139\u213C-\u213D\u2146-\u2149\u214E\u2184\u2C30-\u2C5E\u2C61\u2C65-\u2C66\u2C68\u2C6A\u2C6C\u2C71\u2C73-\u2C74\u2C76-\u2C7B\u2C81\u2C83\u2C85\u2C87\u2C89\u2C8B\u2C8D\u2C8F\u2C91\u2C93\u2C95\u2C97\u2C99\u2C9B\u2C9D\u2C9F\u2CA1\u2CA3\u2CA5\u2CA7\u2CA9\u2CAB\u2CAD\u2CAF\u2CB1\u2CB3\u2CB5\u2CB7\u2CB9\u2CBB\u2CBD\u2CBF\u2CC1\u2CC3\u2CC5\u2CC7\u2CC9\u2CCB\u2CCD\u2CCF\u2CD1\u2CD3\u2CD5\u2CD7\u2CD9\u2CDB\u2CDD\u2CDF\u2CE1\u2CE3-\u2CE4\u2CEC\u2CEE\u2CF3\u2D00-\u2D25\u2D27\u2D2D\uA641\uA643\uA645\uA647\uA649\uA64B\uA64D\uA64F\uA651\uA653\uA655\uA657\uA659\uA65B\uA65D\uA65F\uA661\uA663\uA665\uA667\uA669\uA66B\uA66D\uA681\uA683\uA685\uA687\uA689\uA68B\uA68D\uA68F\uA691\uA693\uA695\uA697\uA699\uA69B\uA723\uA725\uA727\uA729\uA72B\uA72D\uA72F-\uA731\uA733\uA735\uA737\uA739\uA73B\uA73D\uA73F\uA741\uA743\uA745\uA747\uA749\uA74B\uA74D\uA74F\uA751\uA753\uA755\uA757\uA759\uA75B\uA75D\uA75F\uA761\uA763\uA765\uA767\uA769\uA76B\uA76D\uA76F\uA771-\uA778\uA77A\uA77C\uA77F\uA781\uA783\uA785\uA787\uA78C\uA78E\uA791\uA793-\uA795\uA797\uA799\uA79B\uA79D\uA79F\uA7A1\uA7A3\uA7A5\uA7A7\uA7A9\uA7AF\uA7B5\uA7B7\uA7B9\uA7BB\uA7BD\uA7BF\uA7C3\uA7FA\uAB30-\uAB5A\uAB60-\uAB67\uAB70-\uABBF\uFB00-\uFB06\uFB13-\uFB17\uFF41-\uFF5A]|(?:\uD801[\uDC28-\uDC4F\uDCD8-\uDCFB]|\uD803[\uDCC0-\uDCF2]|\uD806[\uDCC0-\uDCDF]|\uD81B[\uDE60-\uDE7F]|\uD835[\uDC1A-\uDC33\uDC4E-\uDC54\uDC56-\uDC67\uDC82-\uDC9B\uDCB6-\uDCB9\uDCBB\uDCBD-\uDCC3\uDCC5-\uDCCF\uDCEA-\uDD03\uDD1E-\uDD37\uDD52-\uDD6B\uDD86-\uDD9F\uDDBA-\uDDD3\uDDEE-\uDE07\uDE22-\uDE3B\uDE56-\uDE6F\uDE8A-\uDEA5\uDEC2-\uDEDA\uDEDC-\uDEE1\uDEFC-\uDF14\uDF16-\uDF1B\uDF36-\uDF4E\uDF50-\uDF55\uDF70-\uDF88\uDF8A-\uDF8F\uDFAA-\uDFC2\uDFC4-\uDFC9\uDFCB]|\uD83A[\uDD22-\uDD43]))
Note that a regex implementation of \p{Lu} or \p{Pl} actually calls a
non standard function to test the value.
The character classes shown here are done differently and are linear, standard
and pretty slow, when jammed into mostly a single class.
Some insight on how a Regex engine (in general) implements Unicode Property Classes:
Examine these performance characteristics between the property
and the class block (like above)
Regex1: LONG CLASS
< none >
Completed iterations: 50 / 50 ( x 1 )
Matches found per iteration: 1788
Elapsed Time: 0.73 s, 727.58 ms, 727584 µs
Matches per sec: 122,872
Regex2: \p{Lu}
Options: < ICU - none >
Completed iterations: 50 / 50 ( x 1 )
Matches found per iteration: 1788
Elapsed Time: 0.07 s, 65.32 ms, 65323 µs
Matches per sec: 1,368,583
Wow what a difference !!
Lets see how Properties might be implemented
Array of Pointers [ 10FFFF ] where each index is is a Code Point
Each pointer in the Array is to a structure of classification.
A Classification structure contains fixed field elemets.
Some are NULL and do not pertain.
Some contain category classifications.
Example : General Category
This is a bitmapped element that uses 17 out of 64 bits.
Whatever this Code Point supports has bit(s) set as a mask.
-Close_Punctuation
-Connector_Punctuation
-Control
-Currency_Symbol
-Dash_Punctuation
-Decimal_Number
-Enclosing_Mark
-Final_Punctuation
-Format
-Initial_Punctuation
-Letter_Number
-Line_Separator
-Lowercase_Letter
-Math_Symbol
-Modifier_Letter
-Modifier_Symbol
-Nonspacing_Mark
-Open_Punctuation
-Other_Letter
-Other_Number
-Other_Punctuation
-Other_Symbol
-Paragraph_Separator
-Private_Use
-Space_Separator
-Spacing_Mark
-Surrogate
-Titlecase_Letter
-Unassigned
-Uppercase_Letter
When a regex is parsed with something like this \p{Lu} it
is translated directly into
Classification Structure element offset : General Category
A check of that element for bit item : Uppercase_Letter
Another example, when a regex is parsed with punctuation property \p{P} it
is translated into
Classification Structure element offset : General Category
A check of that element for any of these items bits, which are joined into a mask :
-Close_Punctuation
-Connector_Punctuation
-Dash_Punctuation
-Final_Punctuation
-Initial_Punctuation
-Open_Punctuation
-Other_Punctuation
The offset and bit or bit(mask) are stored as a regex step for that property.
The lookup table is created once for all Unicode Code Points using this array.
When a character is checked, it is as simple as using the CP as an index into
this array and checking the Classification Structure's specific element for that bit(mask).
This structure is expandable and indirect to provide much more complex look ups. This is just a simple example.
Compare that direct lookup with a character class search :
All classes are a linear list of items searched from left to right.
In this comparison, given our target string contains only the complete
Upper Case Unicode Letters only, the law of averages would predict that
half of the items in the class would have to be ranged checked
to find a match.
This is a huge disadvantage in performance.
However, if the lookup tables are not there or are not up to date
with the latest Unicode release (12 as of this date)
then this would be the only way.
In fact, it is mostly the only way to get the complete Emoji
characters as there is no specific property (or reasoning) to their assignment.
You can also use:
function myFunction() {
var str = "xq234";
var allowChars = "^[a-zA-ZÀ-ÿ]+$";
var res = str.match(allowChars);
if(!str.match(allowChars)){
res="true";
}
else {
res="false";
}
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = res;
All of the documentation I can find about the shExpMatch function is awful. For example:
findproxyforurl.com - "Will attempt to match hostname or URL to a specified shell expression"
Microsoft - "The shExpMatch(str, shexp) function returns true if str matches the shexp using shell expression patterns."
Mozilla "Currently, the patterns are shell expressions, not regular expressions."
I've worked with a lot of shells, and I've never seen the phrase "shell expression" used to describe a pattern-matching language before. I have no idea what it's supposed to mean. From the available examples it looks similar to a filename globbing pattern. I wonder why they don't say "glob", or "wildcard", or "filename expansion" (any of those 3 would be more standard, recognizable terms) if that's what they mean. Instead the undefined phrase "shell expression" is universally used by every vendor - but only to describe this function. If I didn't know better I'd think they were all just copying each other's documentation without reading it.
If we accept that "shell expression" means glob then the trouble is just beginning. Which shell? Do the different implementations even agree? I can guess that this function was originated by some unix programmer, whose default idea of globs was Bourne-shell-ish. But there are a lot of variants in that -ish suffix! Basic features are * and ? and []. Does the [] support character classes like [[:alnum:]] or just individual characters and ranges? Does it support negation like [!a-z] or maybe [^a-z]? Can all of the special characters be matched literally by preceding them with a backslash (including backslash itself)? Are there any other shell-like quoting operators? Does the * operator really act like a glob, matching a single level of a directory hierarchy, so * and */* are mutually exclusive, or does it match slashes too? Does it fail to match a leading dot? Are any of the extensions from ksh, bash, and zsh present? Maybe even csh-like brace expansion (which is not a glob operation but is often mistaken for one)?
On the other hand, maybe it was designed by a Microsoft-oriented person to support Windows users, so I should think more like COMMAND.COM wildcards. Would Microsoft use a foreign pattern matching language, and not explicitly document it as such?
Is there an authoritative source that I've overlooked which actually specifies the matching rules? Failing that, has anyone studied the current implementations in enough detail to determine what the rules actually are?
This is the implementation of shExpMatch() that Mozilla uses:
function shExpMatch(url, pattern) {
pattern = pattern.replace(/\./g, '\\.');
pattern = pattern.replace(/\*/g, '.*');
pattern = pattern.replace(/\?/g, '.');
var newRe = new RegExp('^'+pattern+'$');
return newRe.test(url);
}
(Source)
Like you said the original documentation came from Netscape was here and now moved to here. (Source).
Afaik some implementations of these proxy.pac don't event support fullblown JScript or JavaScript but only ECMAScript. I have also seen proxy.pac files that don't use these methods but use string operations instead:
function FindProxyForURL(url,host)
{
if (host.substring(0, 4) == "192." ||
host.substring(0, 7) == "example" )
{
return "DIRECT";
}
}
So it really seems like there is no default standard. For Windows I now use WinApi calls like WinHttpGetProxyForUrl. At least my implementation won't differ from what my OS does.
Hope that helped ;)
According to Crockford's json.org, a JSON object is made up of members, which is made up of pairs.
Every pair is made of a string and a value, with a string being defined as:
A string is a sequence of zero or more
Unicode characters, wrapped in double
quotes, using backslash escapes. A
character is represented as a single
character string. A string is very
much like a C or Java string.
But in practice most programmers don't even know that a JSON key should be surrounded by double quotes, because most browsers don't require the use of double quotes.
Does it make any sense to bother surrounding your JSON in double quotes?
Valid Example:
{
"keyName" : 34
}
As opposed to the invalid:
{
keyName : 34
}
The real reason about why JSON keys should be in quotes, relies in the semantics of Identifiers of ECMAScript 3.
Reserved words cannot be used as property names in Object Literals without quotes, for example:
({function: 0}) // SyntaxError
({if: 0}) // SyntaxError
({true: 0}) // SyntaxError
// etc...
While if you use quotes the property names are valid:
({"function": 0}) // Ok
({"if": 0}) // Ok
({"true": 0}) // Ok
The own Crockford explains it in this talk, they wanted to keep the JSON standard simple, and they wouldn't like to have all those semantic restrictions on it:
....
That was when we discovered the
unquoted name problem. It turns out
ECMA Script 3 has a whack reserved
word policy. Reserved words must be
quoted in the key position, which is
really a nuisance. When I got around
to formulizing this into a standard, I
didn't want to have to put all of the
reserved words in the standard,
because it would look really stupid.
At the time, I was trying to convince
people: yeah, you can write
applications in JavaScript, it's
actually going to work and it's a good
language. I didn't want to say, then,
at the same time: and look at this
really stupid thing they did! So I
decided, instead, let's just quote the
keys.
That way, we don't have to tell
anybody about how whack it is.
That's why, to this day, keys are quoted in
JSON.
...
The ECMAScript 5th Edition Standard fixes this, now in an ES5 implementation, even reserved words can be used without quotes, in both, Object literals and member access (obj.function Ok in ES5).
Just for the record, this standard is being implemented these days by software vendors, you can see what browsers include this feature on this compatibility table (see Reserved words as property names)
Yes, it's invalid JSON and will be rejected otherwise in many cases, for example jQuery 1.4+ has a check that makes unquoted JSON silently fail. Why not be compliant?
Let's take another example:
{ myKey: "value" }
{ my-Key: "value" }
{ my-Key[]: "value" }
...all of these would be valid with quotes, why not be consistent and use them in all cases, eliminating the possibility of a problem?
One more common example in the web developer world: There are thousands of examples of invalid HTML that renders in most browsers...does that make it any less painful to debug or maintain? Not at all, quite the opposite.
Also #Matthew makes the best point of all in comments below, this already fails, unquoted keys will throw a syntax error with JSON.parse() in all major browsers (and any others that implement it correctly), you can test it here.
If I understand the standard correctly, what JSON calls "objects" are actually much closer to maps ("dictionaries") than to actual objects in the usual sense. The current standard easily accommodates an extension allowing keys of any type, making
{
"1" : 31.0,
1 : 17,
1n : "valueForBigInt1"
}
a valid "object/map" of 3 different elements.
If not for this reason, I believe the designers would have made quotes around keys optional for all cases (maybe except keywords).
YAML, which is in fact a superset of JSON, supports what you want to do. ALthough its a superset, it lets you keep it as simple as you want.
YAML is a breath of fresh air and it may be worth your time to have a look at it. Best place to start is here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML
There are libs for every language under the sun, including JS, eg https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml
I'm using a RegExp to validate some user input on an ASP.NET web page. It's meant to enforce the construction of a password (i.e. between 8 and 20 long, at least one upper case character, at least one lower case character, at least one number, at least one of the characters ##!$% and no use of letters L or O (upper or lower) or numbers 0 and 1. This RegExp works fine in my tester (Expresso) and in my C# code.
This is how it looks:
(?-i)^(?=.{8,20})(?=.*[2-9])(?=.*[a-hj-km-np-z])(?=.*[A-HJ-KM-NP-Z])
(?=.*[##!$%])[2-9a-hj-km-np-zA-HJ-KM-NP-Z##!$%]*$
(Line break added for formatting)
However, when I run the code it lives in in IE6 or IE7 (haven't tried other browsers as this is an internal app and we're a Microsoft shop), I get a runtime error saying 'Syntax error in regular expression'. That's it - no further information in the error message aside from the line number.
What is it about this that JavaScript doesn't like?
Well, there are two ways of defining a Regex in Javascript:
a. Through a Regexp object constructor:
var re = new RegExp("pattern","flags");
re.test(myTestString);
b. Using a string literal:
var re = /pattern/flags;
You should also note that JS does not support some of the tenets of Regular Expressions. For a non-comprehensive list of features unsupported in JS, check out the regular-expressions.info site.
Specifically speaking, you appear to be setting some flags on the expression (for example, the case insensitive flag). I would suggest that you use the /i flag (as indicated by the syntax above) instead of using (?-i)
That would make your Regex as follows (Positive Lookahead appears to be supported):
/^(?=.{8,20})(?=.*[2-9])(?=.*[a-hj-km-np-z])(?=.*[A-HJ-KM-NP-Z])(?=.*[##!$%])[2-9a-hj-km-np-zA-HJ-KM-NP-Z##!$%]*$/i;
For a very good article on the subject, check out Regular Expressions in JavaScript.
Edit (after Howard's comment)
If you are simply assigning this Regex pattern to a RegularExpressionValidator control, then you will not have the ability to set Regex options (such as ignore case). Also, you will not be able to use the Regex literal syntax supported by Javascript. Therefore, the only option that remains is to make your pattern intrinsically case insensitive. For example, [a-h] would have to be written as [A-Ha-h]. This would make your Regex quite long-winded, I'm sorry to say.
Here is a solution to this problem, though I cannot vouch for it's legitimacy. Some other options that come to mind may be to turn of Client side validation altogether and validate exclusively on the Server. This will give you access to the full Regex flavour implemented by the System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex object. Alternatively, use a CustomValidator and create your own JS function which applies the Regex match using the patterns that I (and others) have suggested.
I'm not familiar with C#'s regular expression syntax, but is this (at the start)
(?-i)
meant to turn the case insensitivity pattern modifier on? If so, that's your problem. Javascript doesn't support specifying the pattern modifiers in the expression. There's two ways to do this in javascript
var re = /pattern/i
var re = new RegExp('pattern','i');
Give one of those a try, and your expression should be happy.
As Cerberus mentions, (?-i) is not supported in JavaScript regexps. So, you need to get rid of that and use /i. Something to keep in mind is that there is no standard for regular expression syntax; it is different in each language, so testing in something that uses the .NET regular expression engine is not a valid test of how it will work in JavaScript. Instead, try and look for a reference on JavaScript regular expressions, such as this one.
Your match that looks for 8-20 characters is also invalid. This will ensure that there are at least 8 characters, but it does not limit the string to 20, since the character class with the kleene-closure (* operator) at the end can match as many characters as provided. What you want instead is to replace the * at the end with the {8,20}, and eliminate it from the beginning.
var re = /^(?=.*[2-9])(?=.*[a-hj-km-np-z])(?=.*[A-HJ-KM-NP-Z])(?=.*[##!$%])[2-9a-hj-km-np-zA-HJ-KM-NP-Z##!$%]{8,20}$/i;
On the other hand, I'm not really sure why you would want to restrict the length of passwords, unless there's a hard database limit (which there shouldn't be, since you shouldn't be storing passwords in plain text in the database, but instead hashing them down to something fixed size using a secure hash algorithm with a salt). And as mentioned, I don't see a reason to be so restrictive on the set of characters you allow. I'd recommend something more like this:
var re = /^(?=.*[0-9])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[##!$%])[a-zA-Z0-9##!$%]{8,}$/i;
Also, why would you forbid 1, 0, L and O from your passwords (and it looks like you're trying to forbid I as well, which you forgot to mention)? This will make it very hard for people to construct good passwords, and since you never see a password as you type it, there's no reason to worry about letters which look confusingly similar. If you want to have a more permissive regexp:
var re = /^(?=.*[0-9])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[##!$%]).{8,}$/i;
Are you enclosing the regexp in / / characters?
var regexp = /[]/;
return regexp.test();
(?-i)
Doesn't exist in JS Regexp. Flags can be specified as “new RegExp('pattern', 'i')”, or literal syntax “/pattern/i”.
(?=
Exists in modern implementations of JS Regexp, but is dangerously buggy in IE. Lookahead assertions should be avoided in JS for this reason.
between 8 and 20 long, at least one upper case character, at least one lower case character, at least one number, at least one of the characters ##!$% and no use of letters L or O (upper or lower) or numbers 0 and 1.
Do you have to do this in RegExp, and do you have to put all the conditions in one RegExp? Because those are easy conditions to match using multiple RegExps, or even simple string matching:
if (
s.length<8 || s.length>20 ||
s==s.toLowerCase() || s==s.toUpperCase() ||
s.indexOf('0')!=-1 || s.indexOf('1')!=-1 ||
s.toLowerCase().indexOf('l')!=-1 || s.toLowerCase().indexOf('o')!=-1 ||
(s.indexOf('#')==-1 && s.indexOf('#')==-1 && s.indexOf('!')==-1 && s.indexOf('%')==-1 && s.indexOf('%')==-1)
)
alert('Bad password!');
(These are really cruel and unhelpful password rules if meant for end-users BTW!)
I would use this regular expression:
/(?=[^2-9]*[2-9])(?=[^a-hj-km-np-z]*[a-hj-km-np-z])(?=[^A-HJ-KM-NP-Z]*[A-HJ-KM-NP-Z])(?=[^##!$%]*[##!$%])^[2-9a-hj-km-np-zA-HJ-KM-NP-Z##!$%]{8,}$/
The [^a-z]*[a-z] will make sure that the match is made as early as possible instead of expanding the .* and doing backtracking.
(?-i) is supposed to turn case-insensitivity off. Everybody seems to be assuming you're trying to turn it on, but that would be (?i). Anyway, you don't want it to be case-insensitive, since you need to ensure that there are both uppercase and lowercase letters. Since case-sensitive matching is the default, prefacing a regex with (?-i) is pointless even in those flavors (like .NET) that support inline modifiers.
There should be something akin to \w that can match any code-point in Letters or Marks category (not just the ASCII ones), and hopefully have filters like [[P*]] for punctuation, etc.
Situation for ES 6
The ECMAScript language specification, edition 6 (also commonly known as ES2015), includes Unicode-aware regular expressions. Support must be enabled with the u modifier on the regex. See Unicode-aware regular expressions in ES6 for a break-down of the feature and some caveats.
ES6 is widely adopted in both browsers and stand-alone Javascript runtimes such as Node.js, so using this feature won't require extra effort in most cases. Full compatibility list: https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/
Situation for ES 5 and below (legacy browsers)
There is a transpiler named regexpu that translates ES6 Unicode regular expressions into equivalent ES5. It can be used as part of your build process. Try it out online..
Even though JavaScript operates on Unicode strings, it does not implement Unicode-aware character classes and has no concept of POSIX character classes or Unicode blocks/sub-ranges.
Issues with Unicode in JavaScript regular expressions
Check your expectations here: Javascript RegExp Unicode Character Class tester (Edit: the original page is down, the Internet Archive still has a copy.)
Flagrant Badassery has an article on JavaScript, Regex, and Unicode that sheds some light on the matter.
Also read Regex and Unicode here on SO. Probably you have to build your own "punctuation character class".
Check out the Regular Expression: Match Unicode Block Range builder (archived copy), which lets you build a JavaScript regular expression that matches characters that fall in any number of specified Unicode blocks.
I just did it for the "General Punctuation" and "Supplemental Punctuation" sub-ranges, and the result is as simple and straight-forward as I would have expected it:
[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F]
There also is XRegExp, a project that brings Unicode support to JavaScript by offering an alternative regex engine with extended capabilities.
And of course, required reading: mathiasbynens.be - JavaScript has a Unicode problem:
Personally, I would rather not install another library just to get this functionality. My answer does not require any external libraries, and it may also work with little modification for regex flavors besides JavaScript.
Unicode's website provides a way to translate Unicode categories into a set of code points. Since it's Unicode's website, the information from it should be accurate.
Note that you will need to exclude the high-end characters, as JavaScript can only handle characters less than FFFF (hex). I suggest checking the Abbreviate Collate, and Escape check boxes, which strike a balance between avoiding unprintable characters and minimizing the size of the regex.
Here are some common expansions of different Unicode properties:
\p{L} (Letters):
[A-Za-z\u00AA\u00B5\u00BA\u00C0-\u00D6\u00D8-\u00F6\u00F8-\u02C1\u02C6-\u02D1\u02E0-\u02E4\u02EC\u02EE\u0370-\u0374\u0376\u0377\u037A-\u037D\u037F\u0386\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03F5\u03F7-\u0481\u048A-\u052F\u0531-\u0556\u0559\u0561-\u0587\u05D0-\u05EA\u05F0-\u05F2\u0620-\u064A\u066E\u066F\u0671-\u06D3\u06D5\u06E5\u06E6\u06EE\u06EF\u06FA-\u06FC\u06FF\u0710\u0712-\u072F\u074D-\u07A5\u07B1\u07CA-\u07EA\u07F4\u07F5\u07FA\u0800-\u0815\u081A\u0824\u0828\u0840-\u0858\u08A0-\u08B4\u0904-\u0939\u093D\u0950\u0958-\u0961\u0971-\u0980\u0985-\u098C\u098F\u0990\u0993-\u09A8\u09AA-\u09B0\u09B2\u09B6-\u09B9\u09BD\u09CE\u09DC\u09DD\u09DF-\u09E1\u09F0\u09F1\u0A05-\u0A0A\u0A0F\u0A10\u0A13-\u0A28\u0A2A-\u0A30\u0A32\u0A33\u0A35\u0A36\u0A38\u0A39\u0A59-\u0A5C\u0A5E\u0A72-\u0A74\u0A85-\u0A8D\u0A8F-\u0A91\u0A93-\u0AA8\u0AAA-\u0AB0\u0AB2\u0AB3\u0AB5-\u0AB9\u0ABD\u0AD0\u0AE0\u0AE1\u0AF9\u0B05-\u0B0C\u0B0F\u0B10\u0B13-\u0B28\u0B2A-\u0B30\u0B32\u0B33\u0B35-\u0B39\u0B3D\u0B5C\u0B5D\u0B5F-\u0B61\u0B71\u0B83\u0B85-\u0B8A\u0B8E-\u0B90\u0B92-\u0B95\u0B99\u0B9A\u0B9C\u0B9E\u0B9F\u0BA3\u0BA4\u0BA8-\u0BAA\u0BAE-\u0BB9\u0BD0\u0C05-\u0C0C\u0C0E-\u0C10\u0C12-\u0C28\u0C2A-\u0C39\u0C3D\u0C58-\u0C5A\u0C60\u0C61\u0C85-\u0C8C\u0C8E-\u0C90\u0C92-\u0CA8\u0CAA-\u0CB3\u0CB5-\u0CB9\u0CBD\u0CDE\u0CE0\u0CE1\u0CF1\u0CF2\u0D05-\u0D0C\u0D0E-\u0D10\u0D12-\u0D3A\u0D3D\u0D4E\u0D5F-\u0D61\u0D7A-\u0D7F\u0D85-\u0D96\u0D9A-\u0DB1\u0DB3-\u0DBB\u0DBD\u0DC0-\u0DC6\u0E01-\u0E30\u0E32\u0E33\u0E40-\u0E46\u0E81\u0E82\u0E84\u0E87\u0E88\u0E8A\u0E8D\u0E94-\u0E97\u0E99-\u0E9F\u0EA1-\u0EA3\u0EA5\u0EA7\u0EAA\u0EAB\u0EAD-\u0EB0\u0EB2\u0EB3\u0EBD\u0EC0-\u0EC4\u0EC6\u0EDC-\u0EDF\u0F00\u0F40-\u0F47\u0F49-\u0F6C\u0F88-\u0F8C\u1000-\u102A\u103F\u1050-\u1055\u105A-\u105D\u1061\u1065\u1066\u106E-\u1070\u1075-\u1081\u108E\u10A0-\u10C5\u10C7\u10CD\u10D0-\u10FA\u10FC-\u1248\u124A-\u124D\u1250-\u1256\u1258\u125A-\u125D\u1260-\u1288\u128A-\u128D\u1290-\u12B0\u12B2-\u12B5\u12B8-\u12BE\u12C0\u12C2-\u12C5\u12C8-\u12D6\u12D8-\u1310\u1312-\u1315\u1318-\u135A\u1380-\u138F\u13A0-\u13F5\u13F8-\u13FD\u1401-\u166C\u166F-\u167F\u1681-\u169A\u16A0-\u16EA\u16F1-\u16F8\u1700-\u170C\u170E-\u1711\u1720-\u1731\u1740-\u1751\u1760-\u176C\u176E-\u1770\u1780-\u17B3\u17D7\u17DC\u1820-\u1877\u1880-\u18A8\u18AA\u18B0-\u18F5\u1900-\u191E\u1950-\u196D\u1970-\u1974\u1980-\u19AB\u19B0-\u19C9\u1A00-\u1A16\u1A20-\u1A54\u1AA7\u1B05-\u1B33\u1B45-\u1B4B\u1B83-\u1BA0\u1BAE\u1BAF\u1BBA-\u1BE5\u1C00-\u1C23\u1C4D-\u1C4F\u1C5A-\u1C7D\u1CE9-\u1CEC\u1CEE-\u1CF1\u1CF5\u1CF6\u1D00-\u1DBF\u1E00-\u1F15\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F20-\u1F45\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D\u1F5F-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FBC\u1FBE\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FCC\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FDB\u1FE0-\u1FEC\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FFC\u2071\u207F\u2090-\u209C\u2102\u2107\u210A-\u2113\u2115\u2119-\u211D\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212A-\u212D\u212F-\u2139\u213C-\u213F\u2145-\u2149\u214E\u2183\u2184\u2C00-\u2C2E\u2C30-\u2C5E\u2C60-\u2CE4\u2CEB-\u2CEE\u2CF2\u2CF3\u2D00-\u2D25\u2D27\u2D2D\u2D30-\u2D67\u2D6F\u2D80-\u2D96\u2DA0-\u2DA6\u2DA8-\u2DAE\u2DB0-\u2DB6\u2DB8-\u2DBE\u2DC0-\u2DC6\u2DC8-\u2DCE\u2DD0-\u2DD6\u2DD8-\u2DDE\u2E2F\u3005\u3006\u3031-\u3035\u303B\u303C\u3041-\u3096\u309D-\u309F\u30A1-\u30FA\u30FC-\u30FF\u3105-\u312D\u3131-\u318E\u31A0-\u31BA\u31F0-\u31FF\u3400-\u4DB5\u4E00-\u9FD5\uA000-\uA48C\uA4D0-\uA4FD\uA500-\uA60C\uA610-\uA61F\uA62A\uA62B\uA640-\uA66E\uA67F-\uA69D\uA6A0-\uA6E5\uA717-\uA71F\uA722-\uA788\uA78B-\uA7AD\uA7B0-\uA7B7\uA7F7-\uA801\uA803-\uA805\uA807-\uA80A\uA80C-\uA822\uA840-\uA873\uA882-\uA8B3\uA8F2-\uA8F7\uA8FB\uA8FD\uA90A-\uA925\uA930-\uA946\uA960-\uA97C\uA984-\uA9B2\uA9CF\uA9E0-\uA9E4\uA9E6-\uA9EF\uA9FA-\uA9FE\uAA00-\uAA28\uAA40-\uAA42\uAA44-\uAA4B\uAA60-\uAA76\uAA7A\uAA7E-\uAAAF\uAAB1\uAAB5\uAAB6\uAAB9-\uAABD\uAAC0\uAAC2\uAADB-\uAADD\uAAE0-\uAAEA\uAAF2-\uAAF4\uAB01-\uAB06\uAB09-\uAB0E\uAB11-\uAB16\uAB20-\uAB26\uAB28-\uAB2E\uAB30-\uAB5A\uAB5C-\uAB65\uAB70-\uABE2\uAC00-\uD7A3\uD7B0-\uD7C6\uD7CB-\uD7FB\uF900-\uFA6D\uFA70-\uFAD9\uFB00-\uFB06\uFB13-\uFB17\uFB1D\uFB1F-\uFB28\uFB2A-\uFB36\uFB38-\uFB3C\uFB3E\uFB40\uFB41\uFB43\uFB44\uFB46-\uFBB1\uFBD3-\uFD3D\uFD50-\uFD8F\uFD92-\uFDC7\uFDF0-\uFDFB\uFE70-\uFE74\uFE76-\uFEFC\uFF21-\uFF3A\uFF41-\uFF5A\uFF66-\uFFBE\uFFC2-\uFFC7\uFFCA-\uFFCF\uFFD2-\uFFD7\uFFDA-\uFFDC]
\p{Nd} (Number decimal digits):
[0-9\u0660-\u0669\u06F0-\u06F9\u07C0-\u07C9\u0966-\u096F\u09E6-\u09EF\u0A66-\u0A6F\u0AE6-\u0AEF\u0B66-\u0B6F\u0BE6-\u0BEF\u0C66-\u0C6F\u0CE6-\u0CEF\u0D66-\u0D6F\u0DE6-\u0DEF\u0E50-\u0E59\u0ED0-\u0ED9\u0F20-\u0F29\u1040-\u1049\u1090-\u1099\u17E0-\u17E9\u1810-\u1819\u1946-\u194F\u19D0-\u19D9\u1A80-\u1A89\u1A90-\u1A99\u1B50-\u1B59\u1BB0-\u1BB9\u1C40-\u1C49\u1C50-\u1C59\uA620-\uA629\uA8D0-\uA8D9\uA900-\uA909\uA9D0-\uA9D9\uA9F0-\uA9F9\uAA50-\uAA59\uABF0-\uABF9\uFF10-\uFF19]
\p{P} (Punctuation):
[!-#%-*,-/\:;?#\[-\]_\{\}\u00A1\u00A7\u00AB\u00B6\u00B7\u00BB\u00BF\u037E\u0387\u055A-\u055F\u0589\u058A\u05BE\u05C0\u05C3\u05C6\u05F3\u05F4\u0609\u060A\u060C\u060D\u061B\u061E\u061F\u066A-\u066D\u06D4\u0700-\u070D\u07F7-\u07F9\u0830-\u083E\u085E\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0AF0\u0DF4\u0E4F\u0E5A\u0E5B\u0F04-\u0F12\u0F14\u0F3A-\u0F3D\u0F85\u0FD0-\u0FD4\u0FD9\u0FDA\u104A-\u104F\u10FB\u1360-\u1368\u1400\u166D\u166E\u169B\u169C\u16EB-\u16ED\u1735\u1736\u17D4-\u17D6\u17D8-\u17DA\u1800-\u180A\u1944\u1945\u1A1E\u1A1F\u1AA0-\u1AA6\u1AA8-\u1AAD\u1B5A-\u1B60\u1BFC-\u1BFF\u1C3B-\u1C3F\u1C7E\u1C7F\u1CC0-\u1CC7\u1CD3\u2010-\u2027\u2030-\u2043\u2045-\u2051\u2053-\u205E\u207D\u207E\u208D\u208E\u2308-\u230B\u2329\u232A\u2768-\u2775\u27C5\u27C6\u27E6-\u27EF\u2983-\u2998\u29D8-\u29DB\u29FC\u29FD\u2CF9-\u2CFC\u2CFE\u2CFF\u2D70\u2E00-\u2E2E\u2E30-\u2E42\u3001-\u3003\u3008-\u3011\u3014-\u301F\u3030\u303D\u30A0\u30FB\uA4FE\uA4FF\uA60D-\uA60F\uA673\uA67E\uA6F2-\uA6F7\uA874-\uA877\uA8CE\uA8CF\uA8F8-\uA8FA\uA8FC\uA92E\uA92F\uA95F\uA9C1-\uA9CD\uA9DE\uA9DF\uAA5C-\uAA5F\uAADE\uAADF\uAAF0\uAAF1\uABEB\uFD3E\uFD3F\uFE10-\uFE19\uFE30-\uFE52\uFE54-\uFE61\uFE63\uFE68\uFE6A\uFE6B\uFF01-\uFF03\uFF05-\uFF0A\uFF0C-\uFF0F\uFF1A\uFF1B\uFF1F\uFF20\uFF3B-\uFF3D\uFF3F\uFF5B\uFF5D\uFF5F-\uFF65]
The page also recognizes a number of obscure character classes, such as \p{Hira}, which is just the (Japanese) Hiragana characters:
[\u3041-\u3096\u309D-\u309F]
Lastly, it's possible to plug a char class with more than one Unicode property to get a shorter regex than you would get by just combining them (as long as certain settings are checked).
Having also not found a good solution, I wrote a small script a long time ago, by downloading data from the unicode specification (v.5.0.0) and generating intervals for each unicode category and subcategory in the BMP (lately replaced by a small Java program that uses its own native Unicode support).
Basically it converts \p{...} to a range of values, much like the output of the tool mentioned by Tomalak, but the intervals can end up quite large (since it's not dealing with blocks, but with characters scattered through many different places).
For instance, a Regex written like this:
var regex = unicode_hack(/\p{L}(\p{L}|\p{Nd})*/g);
Will be converted to something like this:
/[\u0041-\u005a\u0061-\u007a...]([...]|[\u0030-\u0039\u0660-\u0669...])*/g
Haven't used it a lot in practice, but it seems to work fine from my tests, so I'm posting here in case someone find it useful. Despite the length of the resulting regexes (the example above has 3591 characters when expanded), the performance seems to be acceptable (see the tests at jsFiddle; thanks to #modiX and #Lwangaman for the improvements).
Here's the source (raw, 27.5KB; minified, 24.9KB, not much better...). It might be made smaller by unescaping the unicode characters, but OTOH will run the risk of encoding issues, so I'm leaving as it is. Hopefully with ES6 this kind of thing won't be necessary anymore.
Update: this looks like the same strategy adopted in the XRegExp Unicode plug-in mentioned by Tim Down, except that in this case regular JavaScript regexes are being used.
September 2018 (updated February 2019)
It seems that regexp /\p{L}/u for match letters (as unicode categories)
works on Chrome 68.0.3440.106 and Safari 11.1.2 (13605.3.8)
NOT working on Firefox 65.0 :(
Here is a working example
In below field you should be able to to type letters but not numbers<br>
<input type="text" name="field" onkeydown="return /\p{L}/u.test(event.key)" >
I report this bug here.
Update
After over 2 years according to: 1500035 > 1361876 > 1634135 finally this bug is fixed and will be available in Firefox v.78+
[^\u0000-\u007F]+ for any characters which is not included ASCII characters.
For example:
function isNonLatinCharacters(s) {
return /[^\u0000-\u007F]/.test(s);
}
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("身分"));// Japanese
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("测试"));// Chinese
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("حمید"));// Persian
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("테스트"));// Korean
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("परीक्षण"));// Hindi
console.log(isNonLatinCharacters("מִבְחָן"));// Hebrew
Here are some perfect references:
Unicode range RegExp generator
Unicode Regular Expressions
Unicode 10.0 Character Code Charts
Match Unicode Block Range
As mentioned in other answers, JavaScript regexes have no support for Unicode character classes. However, there is a library that does provide this: Steven Levithan's excellent XRegExp and its Unicode plug-in.
In JavaScript, \w and \d are ASCII, while \s is Unicode. Don't ask me why. JavaScript does support \p with Unicode categories, which you can use to emulate a Unicode-aware \w and \d.
For \d use \p{N} (numbers)
For \w use [\p{L}\p{N}\p{Pc}\p{M}] (letters, numbers, underscores, marks)
Update: Unfortunately, I was wrong about this. JavaScript does does not officially support \p either, though some implementations may still support this. The only Unicode support in JavaScript regexes is matching specific code points with \uFFFF. You can use those in ranges in character classes.
This will do it:
/[A-Za-z\u00C0-\u00FF ]+/.exec('hipopótamo maçã pólen ñ poção água língüa')
It explicitly selects a range of unicode characters.
It will work for latin characters, but other strange characters may be out of this range.
If you are using Babel then Unicode support is already available.
I also released a plugin which transforms your source code such that you can write regular expressions like /^\p{L}+$/. These will then be transformed into something that browsers understand.
Here is the project page of the plugin:
babel-plugin-utf-8-regex
I'm answering this question
What would be the equivalent for \p{Lu} or \p{Ll} in regExp for js?
since it was marked as an exact duplicate of the current old question.
Querying the UCD Database of Unicode 12, \p{Lu} generates 1,788 code points.
Converting to UTF-16 yields the class construct equivalency.
It's only a 4k character string and is easily doable in any regex engines.
(?:[\u0041-\u005A\u00C0-\u00D6\u00D8-\u00DE\u0100\u0102\u0104\u0106\u0108\u010A\u010C\u010E\u0110\u0112\u0114\u0116\u0118\u011A\u011C\u011E\u0120\u0122\u0124\u0126\u0128\u012A\u012C\u012E\u0130\u0132\u0134\u0136\u0139\u013B\u013D\u013F\u0141\u0143\u0145\u0147\u014A\u014C\u014E\u0150\u0152\u0154\u0156\u0158\u015A\u015C\u015E\u0160\u0162\u0164\u0166\u0168\u016A\u016C\u016E\u0170\u0172\u0174\u0176\u0178-\u0179\u017B\u017D\u0181-\u0182\u0184\u0186-\u0187\u0189-\u018B\u018E-\u0191\u0193-\u0194\u0196-\u0198\u019C-\u019D\u019F-\u01A0\u01A2\u01A4\u01A6-\u01A7\u01A9\u01AC\u01AE-\u01AF\u01B1-\u01B3\u01B5\u01B7-\u01B8\u01BC\u01C4\u01C7\u01CA\u01CD\u01CF\u01D1\u01D3\u01D5\u01D7\u01D9\u01DB\u01DE\u01E0\u01E2\u01E4\u01E6\u01E8\u01EA\u01EC\u01EE\u01F1\u01F4\u01F6-\u01F8\u01FA\u01FC\u01FE\u0200\u0202\u0204\u0206\u0208\u020A\u020C\u020E\u0210\u0212\u0214\u0216\u0218\u021A\u021C\u021E\u0220\u0222\u0224\u0226\u0228\u022A\u022C\u022E\u0230\u0232\u023A-\u023B\u023D-\u023E\u0241\u0243-\u0246\u0248\u024A\u024C\u024E\u0370\u0372\u0376\u037F\u0386\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u038F\u0391-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03AB\u03CF\u03D2-\u03D4\u03D8\u03DA\u03DC\u03DE\u03E0\u03E2\u03E4\u03E6\u03E8\u03EA\u03EC\u03EE\u03F4\u03F7\u03F9-\u03FA\u03FD-\u042F\u0460\u0462\u0464\u0466\u0468\u046A\u046C\u046E\u0470\u0472\u0474\u0476\u0478\u047A\u047C\u047E\u0480\u048A\u048C\u048E\u0490\u0492\u0494\u0496\u0498\u049A\u049C\u049E\u04A0\u04A2\u04A4\u04A6\u04A8\u04AA\u04AC\u04AE\u04B0\u04B2\u04B4\u04B6\u04B8\u04BA\u04BC\u04BE\u04C0-\u04C1\u04C3\u04C5\u04C7\u04C9\u04CB\u04CD\u04D0\u04D2\u04D4\u04D6\u04D8\u04DA\u04DC\u04DE\u04E0\u04E2\u04E4\u04E6\u04E8\u04EA\u04EC\u04EE\u04F0\u04F2\u04F4\u04F6\u04F8\u04FA\u04FC\u04FE\u0500\u0502\u0504\u0506\u0508\u050A\u050C\u050E\u0510\u0512\u0514\u0516\u0518\u051A\u051C\u051E\u0520\u0522\u0524\u0526\u0528\u052A\u052C\u052E\u0531-\u0556\u10A0-\u10C5\u10C7\u10CD\u13A0-\u13F5\u1C90-\u1CBA\u1CBD-\u1CBF\u1E00\u1E02\u1E04\u1E06\u1E08\u1E0A\u1E0C\u1E0E\u1E10\u1E12\u1E14\u1E16\u1E18\u1E1A\u1E1C\u1E1E\u1E20\u1E22\u1E24\u1E26\u1E28\u1E2A\u1E2C\u1E2E\u1E30\u1E32\u1E34\u1E36\u1E38\u1E3A\u1E3C\u1E3E\u1E40\u1E42\u1E44\u1E46\u1E48\u1E4A\u1E4C\u1E4E\u1E50\u1E52\u1E54\u1E56\u1E58\u1E5A\u1E5C\u1E5E\u1E60\u1E62\u1E64\u1E66\u1E68\u1E6A\u1E6C\u1E6E\u1E70\u1E72\u1E74\u1E76\u1E78\u1E7A\u1E7C\u1E7E\u1E80\u1E82\u1E84\u1E86\u1E88\u1E8A\u1E8C\u1E8E\u1E90\u1E92\u1E94\u1E9E\u1EA0\u1EA2\u1EA4\u1EA6\u1EA8\u1EAA\u1EAC\u1EAE\u1EB0\u1EB2\u1EB4\u1EB6\u1EB8\u1EBA\u1EBC\u1EBE\u1EC0\u1EC2\u1EC4\u1EC6\u1EC8\u1ECA\u1ECC\u1ECE\u1ED0\u1ED2\u1ED4\u1ED6\u1ED8\u1EDA\u1EDC\u1EDE\u1EE0\u1EE2\u1EE4\u1EE6\u1EE8\u1EEA\u1EEC\u1EEE\u1EF0\u1EF2\u1EF4\u1EF6\u1EF8\u1EFA\u1EFC\u1EFE\u1F08-\u1F0F\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F28-\u1F2F\u1F38-\u1F3F\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D\u1F5F\u1F68-\u1F6F\u1FB8-\u1FBB\u1FC8-\u1FCB\u1FD8-\u1FDB\u1FE8-\u1FEC\u1FF8-\u1FFB\u2102\u2107\u210B-\u210D\u2110-\u2112\u2115\u2119-\u211D\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212A-\u212D\u2130-\u2133\u213E-\u213F\u2145\u2183\u2C00-\u2C2E\u2C60\u2C62-\u2C64\u2C67\u2C69\u2C6B\u2C6D-\u2C70\u2C72\u2C75\u2C7E-\u2C80\u2C82\u2C84\u2C86\u2C88\u2C8A\u2C8C\u2C8E\u2C90\u2C92\u2C94\u2C96\u2C98\u2C9A\u2C9C\u2C9E\u2CA0\u2CA2\u2CA4\u2CA6\u2CA8\u2CAA\u2CAC\u2CAE\u2CB0\u2CB2\u2CB4\u2CB6\u2CB8\u2CBA\u2CBC\u2CBE\u2CC0\u2CC2\u2CC4\u2CC6\u2CC8\u2CCA\u2CCC\u2CCE\u2CD0\u2CD2\u2CD4\u2CD6\u2CD8\u2CDA\u2CDC\u2CDE\u2CE0\u2CE2\u2CEB\u2CED\u2CF2\uA640\uA642\uA644\uA646\uA648\uA64A\uA64C\uA64E\uA650\uA652\uA654\uA656\uA658\uA65A\uA65C\uA65E\uA660\uA662\uA664\uA666\uA668\uA66A\uA66C\uA680\uA682\uA684\uA686\uA688\uA68A\uA68C\uA68E\uA690\uA692\uA694\uA696\uA698\uA69A\uA722\uA724\uA726\uA728\uA72A\uA72C\uA72E\uA732\uA734\uA736\uA738\uA73A\uA73C\uA73E\uA740\uA742\uA744\uA746\uA748\uA74A\uA74C\uA74E\uA750\uA752\uA754\uA756\uA758\uA75A\uA75C\uA75E\uA760\uA762\uA764\uA766\uA768\uA76A\uA76C\uA76E\uA779\uA77B\uA77D-\uA77E\uA780\uA782\uA784\uA786\uA78B\uA78D\uA790\uA792\uA796\uA798\uA79A\uA79C\uA79E\uA7A0\uA7A2\uA7A4\uA7A6\uA7A8\uA7AA-\uA7AE\uA7B0-\uA7B4\uA7B6\uA7B8\uA7BA\uA7BC\uA7BE\uA7C2\uA7C4-\uA7C6\uFF21-\uFF3A]|(?:\uD801[\uDC00-\uDC27\uDCB0-\uDCD3]|\uD803[\uDC80-\uDCB2]|\uD806[\uDCA0-\uDCBF]|\uD81B[\uDE40-\uDE5F]|\uD835[\uDC00-\uDC19\uDC34-\uDC4D\uDC68-\uDC81\uDC9C\uDC9E-\uDC9F\uDCA2\uDCA5-\uDCA6\uDCA9-\uDCAC\uDCAE-\uDCB5\uDCD0-\uDCE9\uDD04-\uDD05\uDD07-\uDD0A\uDD0D-\uDD14\uDD16-\uDD1C\uDD38-\uDD39\uDD3B-\uDD3E\uDD40-\uDD44\uDD46\uDD4A-\uDD50\uDD6C-\uDD85\uDDA0-\uDDB9\uDDD4-\uDDED\uDE08-\uDE21\uDE3C-\uDE55\uDE70-\uDE89\uDEA8-\uDEC0\uDEE2-\uDEFA\uDF1C-\uDF34\uDF56-\uDF6E\uDF90-\uDFA8\uDFCA]|\uD83A[\uDD00-\uDD21]))
Querying the UCD database of Unicode 12, \p{Ll} generates 2,151 code points.
Converting to UTF-16 yields the class construct equivalency.
(?:[\u0061-\u007A\u00B5\u00DF-\u00F6\u00F8-\u00FF\u0101\u0103\u0105\u0107\u0109\u010B\u010D\u010F\u0111\u0113\u0115\u0117\u0119\u011B\u011D\u011F\u0121\u0123\u0125\u0127\u0129\u012B\u012D\u012F\u0131\u0133\u0135\u0137-\u0138\u013A\u013C\u013E\u0140\u0142\u0144\u0146\u0148-\u0149\u014B\u014D\u014F\u0151\u0153\u0155\u0157\u0159\u015B\u015D\u015F\u0161\u0163\u0165\u0167\u0169\u016B\u016D\u016F\u0171\u0173\u0175\u0177\u017A\u017C\u017E-\u0180\u0183\u0185\u0188\u018C-\u018D\u0192\u0195\u0199-\u019B\u019E\u01A1\u01A3\u01A5\u01A8\u01AA-\u01AB\u01AD\u01B0\u01B4\u01B6\u01B9-\u01BA\u01BD-\u01BF\u01C6\u01C9\u01CC\u01CE\u01D0\u01D2\u01D4\u01D6\u01D8\u01DA\u01DC-\u01DD\u01DF\u01E1\u01E3\u01E5\u01E7\u01E9\u01EB\u01ED\u01EF-\u01F0\u01F3\u01F5\u01F9\u01FB\u01FD\u01FF\u0201\u0203\u0205\u0207\u0209\u020B\u020D\u020F\u0211\u0213\u0215\u0217\u0219\u021B\u021D\u021F\u0221\u0223\u0225\u0227\u0229\u022B\u022D\u022F\u0231\u0233-\u0239\u023C\u023F-\u0240\u0242\u0247\u0249\u024B\u024D\u024F-\u0293\u0295-\u02AF\u0371\u0373\u0377\u037B-\u037D\u0390\u03AC-\u03CE\u03D0-\u03D1\u03D5-\u03D7\u03D9\u03DB\u03DD\u03DF\u03E1\u03E3\u03E5\u03E7\u03E9\u03EB\u03ED\u03EF-\u03F3\u03F5\u03F8\u03FB-\u03FC\u0430-\u045F\u0461\u0463\u0465\u0467\u0469\u046B\u046D\u046F\u0471\u0473\u0475\u0477\u0479\u047B\u047D\u047F\u0481\u048B\u048D\u048F\u0491\u0493\u0495\u0497\u0499\u049B\u049D\u049F\u04A1\u04A3\u04A5\u04A7\u04A9\u04AB\u04AD\u04AF\u04B1\u04B3\u04B5\u04B7\u04B9\u04BB\u04BD\u04BF\u04C2\u04C4\u04C6\u04C8\u04CA\u04CC\u04CE-\u04CF\u04D1\u04D3\u04D5\u04D7\u04D9\u04DB\u04DD\u04DF\u04E1\u04E3\u04E5\u04E7\u04E9\u04EB\u04ED\u04EF\u04F1\u04F3\u04F5\u04F7\u04F9\u04FB\u04FD\u04FF\u0501\u0503\u0505\u0507\u0509\u050B\u050D\u050F\u0511\u0513\u0515\u0517\u0519\u051B\u051D\u051F\u0521\u0523\u0525\u0527\u0529\u052B\u052D\u052F\u0560-\u0588\u10D0-\u10FA\u10FD-\u10FF\u13F8-\u13FD\u1C80-\u1C88\u1D00-\u1D2B\u1D6B-\u1D77\u1D79-\u1D9A\u1E01\u1E03\u1E05\u1E07\u1E09\u1E0B\u1E0D\u1E0F\u1E11\u1E13\u1E15\u1E17\u1E19\u1E1B\u1E1D\u1E1F\u1E21\u1E23\u1E25\u1E27\u1E29\u1E2B\u1E2D\u1E2F\u1E31\u1E33\u1E35\u1E37\u1E39\u1E3B\u1E3D\u1E3F\u1E41\u1E43\u1E45\u1E47\u1E49\u1E4B\u1E4D\u1E4F\u1E51\u1E53\u1E55\u1E57\u1E59\u1E5B\u1E5D\u1E5F\u1E61\u1E63\u1E65\u1E67\u1E69\u1E6B\u1E6D\u1E6F\u1E71\u1E73\u1E75\u1E77\u1E79\u1E7B\u1E7D\u1E7F\u1E81\u1E83\u1E85\u1E87\u1E89\u1E8B\u1E8D\u1E8F\u1E91\u1E93\u1E95-\u1E9D\u1E9F\u1EA1\u1EA3\u1EA5\u1EA7\u1EA9\u1EAB\u1EAD\u1EAF\u1EB1\u1EB3\u1EB5\u1EB7\u1EB9\u1EBB\u1EBD\u1EBF\u1EC1\u1EC3\u1EC5\u1EC7\u1EC9\u1ECB\u1ECD\u1ECF\u1ED1\u1ED3\u1ED5\u1ED7\u1ED9\u1EDB\u1EDD\u1EDF\u1EE1\u1EE3\u1EE5\u1EE7\u1EE9\u1EEB\u1EED\u1EEF\u1EF1\u1EF3\u1EF5\u1EF7\u1EF9\u1EFB\u1EFD\u1EFF-\u1F07\u1F10-\u1F15\u1F20-\u1F27\u1F30-\u1F37\u1F40-\u1F45\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F60-\u1F67\u1F70-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1F87\u1F90-\u1F97\u1FA0-\u1FA7\u1FB0-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FB7\u1FBE\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FC7\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FD7\u1FE0-\u1FE7\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FF7\u210A\u210E-\u210F\u2113\u212F\u2134\u2139\u213C-\u213D\u2146-\u2149\u214E\u2184\u2C30-\u2C5E\u2C61\u2C65-\u2C66\u2C68\u2C6A\u2C6C\u2C71\u2C73-\u2C74\u2C76-\u2C7B\u2C81\u2C83\u2C85\u2C87\u2C89\u2C8B\u2C8D\u2C8F\u2C91\u2C93\u2C95\u2C97\u2C99\u2C9B\u2C9D\u2C9F\u2CA1\u2CA3\u2CA5\u2CA7\u2CA9\u2CAB\u2CAD\u2CAF\u2CB1\u2CB3\u2CB5\u2CB7\u2CB9\u2CBB\u2CBD\u2CBF\u2CC1\u2CC3\u2CC5\u2CC7\u2CC9\u2CCB\u2CCD\u2CCF\u2CD1\u2CD3\u2CD5\u2CD7\u2CD9\u2CDB\u2CDD\u2CDF\u2CE1\u2CE3-\u2CE4\u2CEC\u2CEE\u2CF3\u2D00-\u2D25\u2D27\u2D2D\uA641\uA643\uA645\uA647\uA649\uA64B\uA64D\uA64F\uA651\uA653\uA655\uA657\uA659\uA65B\uA65D\uA65F\uA661\uA663\uA665\uA667\uA669\uA66B\uA66D\uA681\uA683\uA685\uA687\uA689\uA68B\uA68D\uA68F\uA691\uA693\uA695\uA697\uA699\uA69B\uA723\uA725\uA727\uA729\uA72B\uA72D\uA72F-\uA731\uA733\uA735\uA737\uA739\uA73B\uA73D\uA73F\uA741\uA743\uA745\uA747\uA749\uA74B\uA74D\uA74F\uA751\uA753\uA755\uA757\uA759\uA75B\uA75D\uA75F\uA761\uA763\uA765\uA767\uA769\uA76B\uA76D\uA76F\uA771-\uA778\uA77A\uA77C\uA77F\uA781\uA783\uA785\uA787\uA78C\uA78E\uA791\uA793-\uA795\uA797\uA799\uA79B\uA79D\uA79F\uA7A1\uA7A3\uA7A5\uA7A7\uA7A9\uA7AF\uA7B5\uA7B7\uA7B9\uA7BB\uA7BD\uA7BF\uA7C3\uA7FA\uAB30-\uAB5A\uAB60-\uAB67\uAB70-\uABBF\uFB00-\uFB06\uFB13-\uFB17\uFF41-\uFF5A]|(?:\uD801[\uDC28-\uDC4F\uDCD8-\uDCFB]|\uD803[\uDCC0-\uDCF2]|\uD806[\uDCC0-\uDCDF]|\uD81B[\uDE60-\uDE7F]|\uD835[\uDC1A-\uDC33\uDC4E-\uDC54\uDC56-\uDC67\uDC82-\uDC9B\uDCB6-\uDCB9\uDCBB\uDCBD-\uDCC3\uDCC5-\uDCCF\uDCEA-\uDD03\uDD1E-\uDD37\uDD52-\uDD6B\uDD86-\uDD9F\uDDBA-\uDDD3\uDDEE-\uDE07\uDE22-\uDE3B\uDE56-\uDE6F\uDE8A-\uDEA5\uDEC2-\uDEDA\uDEDC-\uDEE1\uDEFC-\uDF14\uDF16-\uDF1B\uDF36-\uDF4E\uDF50-\uDF55\uDF70-\uDF88\uDF8A-\uDF8F\uDFAA-\uDFC2\uDFC4-\uDFC9\uDFCB]|\uD83A[\uDD22-\uDD43]))
Note that a regex implementation of \p{Lu} or \p{Pl} actually calls a
non standard function to test the value.
The character classes shown here are done differently and are linear, standard
and pretty slow, when jammed into mostly a single class.
Some insight on how a Regex engine (in general) implements Unicode Property Classes:
Examine these performance characteristics between the property
and the class block (like above)
Regex1: LONG CLASS
< none >
Completed iterations: 50 / 50 ( x 1 )
Matches found per iteration: 1788
Elapsed Time: 0.73 s, 727.58 ms, 727584 µs
Matches per sec: 122,872
Regex2: \p{Lu}
Options: < ICU - none >
Completed iterations: 50 / 50 ( x 1 )
Matches found per iteration: 1788
Elapsed Time: 0.07 s, 65.32 ms, 65323 µs
Matches per sec: 1,368,583
Wow what a difference !!
Lets see how Properties might be implemented
Array of Pointers [ 10FFFF ] where each index is is a Code Point
Each pointer in the Array is to a structure of classification.
A Classification structure contains fixed field elemets.
Some are NULL and do not pertain.
Some contain category classifications.
Example : General Category
This is a bitmapped element that uses 17 out of 64 bits.
Whatever this Code Point supports has bit(s) set as a mask.
-Close_Punctuation
-Connector_Punctuation
-Control
-Currency_Symbol
-Dash_Punctuation
-Decimal_Number
-Enclosing_Mark
-Final_Punctuation
-Format
-Initial_Punctuation
-Letter_Number
-Line_Separator
-Lowercase_Letter
-Math_Symbol
-Modifier_Letter
-Modifier_Symbol
-Nonspacing_Mark
-Open_Punctuation
-Other_Letter
-Other_Number
-Other_Punctuation
-Other_Symbol
-Paragraph_Separator
-Private_Use
-Space_Separator
-Spacing_Mark
-Surrogate
-Titlecase_Letter
-Unassigned
-Uppercase_Letter
When a regex is parsed with something like this \p{Lu} it
is translated directly into
Classification Structure element offset : General Category
A check of that element for bit item : Uppercase_Letter
Another example, when a regex is parsed with punctuation property \p{P} it
is translated into
Classification Structure element offset : General Category
A check of that element for any of these items bits, which are joined into a mask :
-Close_Punctuation
-Connector_Punctuation
-Dash_Punctuation
-Final_Punctuation
-Initial_Punctuation
-Open_Punctuation
-Other_Punctuation
The offset and bit or bit(mask) are stored as a regex step for that property.
The lookup table is created once for all Unicode Code Points using this array.
When a character is checked, it is as simple as using the CP as an index into
this array and checking the Classification Structure's specific element for that bit(mask).
This structure is expandable and indirect to provide much more complex look ups. This is just a simple example.
Compare that direct lookup with a character class search :
All classes are a linear list of items searched from left to right.
In this comparison, given our target string contains only the complete
Upper Case Unicode Letters only, the law of averages would predict that
half of the items in the class would have to be ranged checked
to find a match.
This is a huge disadvantage in performance.
However, if the lookup tables are not there or are not up to date
with the latest Unicode release (12 as of this date)
then this would be the only way.
In fact, it is mostly the only way to get the complete Emoji
characters as there is no specific property (or reasoning) to their assignment.
You can also use:
function myFunction() {
var str = "xq234";
var allowChars = "^[a-zA-ZÀ-ÿ]+$";
var res = str.match(allowChars);
if(!str.match(allowChars)){
res="true";
}
else {
res="false";
}
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = res;