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How determine what Javascript code triggerd a modal dialog box?

I have a web page that uses several jQuery plugins. One of them is popping up a modal dialog box that has the title "Error" and no other information. I used the "inspect" option in Chrome DevTools to inspect it. But all I see is some HTML elements and not much else to help me figure who is popping up this modal dialog box (see HTML snippet below)>
Is there a way to use Chrome DevTools to have it break into the debugger when any modal dialog box is popped up?
Here is the dialog box's HTML:

How to bring popup browser window to the front so its on top of all browser windows?

My application gives users a specific amount of time to pay for a service. We do this because we can only keep their reservation for X amount of time.
The time we give them should be sufficient, however if they are running out of time we notify them with a Bootstrap Modal as shown below:
However, as soon as the modal achieves focus by the user clicking on the button or anywhere on the modal window, the PayPal browser window moves behind the main window. See picture below.
Simple clicking anywhere on the black overlay will bring the Paypal browser window back. However, I was hoping that someone might have some idea on how to achieve this using the button click in the modal.
In other words, how can I bring the Paypal browser window back to the front by clicking on the 'Yes Please' button on the modal or the close event of the modal?
I have tried to simulate the clicking of the overlay element in code but it does not seem to work.
Here is the code of the page:

From what I have read because the PopUp browser window is being opened from an iframe and the content is from a different source I cannot access the popup for security reasons. So there is no way to move it to the front unless the user clicks the dark overlay or the link 'Click to Continue'

Protractor CCS Selector can't locate element on hidden toolbar

I'm clicking on a link that opens a new window with a PDF document. I switch to the new Window, which I verified that I was on by getting the URL. The window has a toolbar at the top which is visible for a few seconds when the window opens, and then hides itself unless you move the mouse again. I'm trying to click on the Download button, but anything I try gives an error that the CSS Selector can't find the element. I'm suspecting it's because of the nature of the animated toolbar, but I'm not sure. At first I was just trying a regular click:
element(by.id('download').click;
And that was not working. So I tried navigating the mouse to click on it:
browser.driver.actions().mouseMove(element(by.id('download'))).perform();
element(by.id('download')).click();
I've also tried selecting by css:
element(by.css('#download').click();
All give me -Failed: No element found using locator.
Could someone please tell me if what I'm doing is possible, and if so, how I might be able to accomplish it?
screencapture
Element

This is more of a workaround than a solution, but what works for me with elements that are for some reason not visible (covered with other elements or working only on hover) is to just inject a script. Like:
browser.executeScript(
"document.querySelector('[id=\"download\"]').click()"
);

Modal position changes depending on trigger location

I am building a web widget that opens a modal window. The window opens as expected when the trigger link is at the top of the page. But when the trigger is at the bottom of a long page (that requires scrolling), the modal window is clipped/truncated above the viewing area.
Regardless of where the modal window is triggered, the HTML is appended to the body of the page, so I don't understand what's causing the issue.
I would appreciate some help.
js code: https://textfilter.me/widget.js
example / demo : https://textfilter.me/privacy/

It's not javascript. It's css. In this case change position:absolute to position: fixed in modal class. voila.

ionicModal disabling click-events

Ionic/cordova/angular/ios application:
I am using angular-notify to display overlay messages that have ng-click events attached. They show up fine and the ng-click events register EXCEPT when an ionicModal is open - while it's open and an angular-notify message displays, I can't click it. As soon as I click to close the modal (I have to click on my notification since it is overlaying the close button but it still closes the modal) the ng-click registers again.
I am not sure how to test this theory, but it feels like the click is getting captured or disabled by ionicModal. Is there something I can do (z-index is set to 99999) to make those clicks get registered?
-- UPDATE (Testing in Chrome w/inspector)
It doesn't appear to matter in which order the elements are loaded. Whether the modal, notification overlay or popup load in first, the issue remains.
Click events are cut off for my notification overlay until the modal and/or popup are dismissed.
When I look at the DOM inspector, I see some divs are created when the popup or modal instantiates. This one:
<div class="click-block click-block-hide"></div>
looks like it might be causing my issues but it sits lower in the DOM and when I delete the element (in Chrome Inspector) it doesn't fix my issue.
No matter what z-index I set or where I move the element in the DOM (via inspector) or what background div elements I delete, I still cant click my notification until any and all popup/modals are dismissed.
Any thoughts?

Can you explain the layout a bit better? Is the ionicModal sitting on top of the message? Or are they side by side?
If the modal is sitting above the message, then it is a matter of z-index. You need to make sure that the z-index for the class that is being used isn't overriding the z-index of 99999.

I figured it out, at least how to hack around it.
$ionicModal and $ionicPopup add a class to the body element <body class='popup-open modal-open'>. I didn't look into how, but it is blocking clicks to my notification.
So I added an interval to the angular-notify notification to remove the modal-open and popup-open classes from $ionicBody.
var notificationInterval;
notificationInterval = $interval(function() {
$ionicBody.removeClass('modal-open');
$ionicBody.removeClass('popup-open');
// console.log("removing those body classes while the notification is up.");
}, 1000)
For notification dismissal, I added to the $scope.$close function
$interval.cancel(notificationInterval)