I'm new to node.js. I have an abstracted piece of logic that I'd like to write a unit test for. I have this piece of code, in let's say foo.js, which looks like:
'use strict';
const Bar = require('bar.js');
const abstractOutThisLogic = (functionInBar) => async (...args) =>
functionInBar(...args).catch((err) => {
throw new Error(err.message, {
statusCode: err.status
});
});
module.exports = {
create: abstractOutThisLogic(Bar.createThisThing),
delete: abstractOutThisLogic(Bar.deleteThisThing)
};
It's basically an abstracted piece of logic to invoke functions in bar.js. Instead of having different functions for createThisThing and deleteThisThing, I want to have one abstracted function which removes all the duplicate code that these functions might have.
The functions in bar.js look like this:
exports.createThisThing = async (payload) => {
const resp = await externalApi.createThisThing(payload);
return resp;
};
exports.deleteThisThing = async (payload) => {
const resp = await externalApi.deleteThisThing(payload);
return resp;
};
Now, I'm trying to write a unit test to test whether these functions in bar.js are invoked correctly (and how many times it was called etc) by the abstracted function in foo.js.
My unit test in foo.test.js looks like:
it('is trying to test this anonymous function in foo.js', async () => {
const payload = {
id: 'foo',
value: 'baz'
}
const barFnSpy = Sinon.spy(Bar.createThisThing);
await Foo.create(payload);
assert(barFnSpy.calledWith(payload));
});
It appears to me that sinon is having a hard time stubbing/spying on this anonymous function call in foo.js. How can I go about testing the functionality of this abstracted function in foo.js through sinon?
You should test your abstractOutThisLogic function and your Bar.createThisThing function separately.
Pass stub functions to your abstractOutThisLogic function which behave predictably, and you can assert things like how many times the stub was called, the details of the error that gets thrown if the wrapped function throws, etc.
describe("abstracted logic", () => {
it("should handle errors", () => {
const stub = sinon.stub().throws()
expect(abstractOutThisLogic(stub)).toThrow()
})
})
Then write a separate set of tests asserting behavior of the Bar functions, without being wrapped by abstractOutThisLogic.
Related
I am unit testing (using jest) a function named "getTripDetails" (inside file trip.js) that calls another file "getTrace.js" from different module (which exports a function as shown below).
I want to mock the call of function "getTrace" while testing "getTripDetails" function.
file: trips.js
const gpsTrace = require("./gpsTrace");
getTripDetails = async(req, res)=>{
let gpsTraceRes = await gpsTrace(req.body, req.adToken)
//more code...
return {status:200};
}
file: getTrace.js
module.exports = async(payload, token) =>{
try {
//code
} catch (e) {
error(e)
throw new Error(e)
}
}
This is what i tried after reading the docs.
file: test.js
let ctrl = require("./trips");
describe("API -- testing", function () {
it("Trip details", async function () {
jest.mock('./gpsTrace');
const gpsTrace = require('./gpsTrace');
gpsTrace.mockImplementation(() => {});
gpsTrace();
await ctrl.getTripDetails({},{});
expect(response.status).to.eql(200);
});
});
It did not get mocked, instead it was calling the original implementation.
Any suggesstions?
You were pretty close! Here are the updated files with comments describing the changes:
gpsTrace.js
Added a console.log message. We won't see this in the test if the mock works successfully.
module.exports = async (payload, token) => {
try {
//code
console.log("You won't see me in the Jest test because of the mock implementation")
} catch (e) {
error(e)
throw new Error(e)
}
}
trips.js
You needed to export your code to be used in other modules. Seeing as you're calling ctrl.getTripDetails() in the test, it makes sense to export your getTripDetails() on an object at the bottom of the file.
const gpsTrace = require("./gpsTrace");
const getTripDetails = async (req, res) =>{
let gpsTraceRes = await gpsTrace(req.body, req.adToken)
//more code...
return { status:200 };
}
module.exports = {
getTripDetails,
}
gpsTrace.test.js
Make sure to import your modules at the top of the file. Remember that ctrl.getTripDetails({}, {}) calls gpsTrace internally, so no need to call it twice in your test. You also needed to save the response returned from getTripDetails into a variable to be able to compare it: const response = await ctrl.getTripDetails({}, {});.
// make sure your require statements go at the top of the module
const gpsTrace = require('./gpsTrace');
let ctrl = require("./trips");
jest.mock('./gpsTrace');
gpsTrace.mockImplementation(() => {});
describe("API -- testing", function () {
it("Trip details", async function () {
// ctrl.getTripDeals() calls your gpsTrace function internally, so no need to call it twice
// gpsTrace(); <-- can be removed
// you needed to save the returned response into a variable to be able to test it.
const response = await ctrl.getTripDetails({}, {});
expect(response.status).toEqual(200);
});
});
Result
After running the test it now successfully passes. Notice that we DO NOT see the console.log message in the gpsTrace function, which indicates our mockedImplementation of the function is working in the test script. 👍
I'm trying to do some testing in Jest but getting stuck with a mock/spy. I've managed to get the test working but only by changing my implementation (which I feel dirty about).
Here's the test:
import * as postmark from 'postmark';
jest.mock('postmark');
const mockGetServers = jest.fn();
const AccountClient = jest.fn(() => {
return {
getServers: mockGetServers
};
});
postmark.AccountClient = AccountClient;
import accountApi from './account-api';
describe('account-api', () => {
describe('listServers', () => {
it('calls postmark listServers', async () => {
await accountApi.listServers();
expect(mockGetServers).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
});
});
});
Here's the working implementation:
import * as postmark from 'postmark';
const accountToken = 'some-token-number';
const listServers = async () => {
try {
const accountClient = postmark.AccountClient(accountToken);
const servers = await accountClient.getServers();
return servers;
} catch (e) {
console.log('ERROR', e);
}
};
export default {
listServers
}
Here's the original implementation:
import * as postmark from 'postmark';
const accountToken = 'some-token-number';
const accountClient = postmark.AccountClient(accountToken);
const listServers = async () => {
try {
const servers = await accountClient.getServers();
return servers;
} catch (e) {
console.log('ERROR', e);
}
};
export default {
listServers
}
The only change is where in the code the accountClient is created (either inside or outside of the listServers function). The original implementation would complete and jest would report the mock hadn't been called.
I'm stumped as to why this doesn't work to start with and guessing it's something to do with context of the mock. Am I missing something about the way jest works under the hood? As the implementation of accountApi will have more functions all using the same client it makes sense to create one for all functions rather than per function. Creating it per function doesn't sit right with me.
What is different about the way I have created the accountClient that means the mock can be spied on in the test? Is there a way I can mock (and spy on) the object that is created at class level not at function level?
Thanks
Am I missing something about the way jest works under the hood?
Two things to note:
ES6 import calls are hoisted to the top of the current scope
babel-jest hoists calls to jest.mock to the top of their code block (above everything including any ES6 import calls in the block)
What is different about the way I have created the accountClient that means the mock can be spied on in the test?
In both cases this runs first:
jest.mock('postmark');
...which will auto-mock the postmark module.
Then this runs:
import accountApi from './account-api';
In the original implementation this line runs:
const accountClient = postmark.AccountClient(accountToken);
...which captures the result of calling postmark.AccountClient and saves it in accountClient. The auto-mock of postmark will have stubbed AccountClient with a mock function that returns undefined, so accountClient will be set to undefined.
In both cases the test code now starts running which sets up the mock for postmark.AccountClient.
Then during the test this line runs:
await accountApi.listServers();
In the original implementation that call ends up running this:
const servers = await accountClient.getServers();
...which drops to the catch since accountClient is undefined, the error is logged, and the test continues until it fails on this line:
expect(mockGetServers).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
...since mockGetServers was never called.
On the other hand, in the working implementation this runs:
const accountClient = postmark.AccountClient(accountToken);
const servers = await accountClient.getServers();
...and since postmark is mocked by this point it uses the mock and the test passes.
Is there a way I can mock (and spy on) the object that is created at class level not at function level?
Yes.
Because the original implementation captures the result of calling postmark.AccountClient as soon as it is imported, you just have to make sure your mock is set up before you import the original implementation.
One of the easiest ways to do that is to set up your mock with a module factory during the call to jest.mock since it gets hoisted and runs first.
Here is an updated test that works with the original implementation:
import * as postmark from 'postmark';
jest.mock('postmark', () => { // use a module factory
const mockGetServers = jest.fn();
const AccountClient = jest.fn(() => {
return {
getServers: mockGetServers // NOTE: this returns the same mockGetServers every time
};
});
return {
AccountClient
}
});
import accountApi from './account-api';
describe('account-api', () => {
describe('listServers', () => {
it('calls postmark listServers', async () => {
await accountApi.listServers();
const mockGetServers = postmark.AccountClient().getServers; // get mockGetServers
expect(mockGetServers).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1); // Success!
});
});
});
I think you might want to look at proxyquire.
import * as postmark from 'postmark';
import * as proxyquire from 'proxyquire';
jest.mock('postmark');
const mockGetServers = jest.fn();
const AccountClient = jest.fn(() => {
return {
getServers: mockGetServers
};
});
postmark.AccountClient = AccountClient;
import accountApi from proxyquire('./account-api', postmark);
describe('account-api', () => {
describe('listServers', () => {
it('calls postmark listServers', async () => {
await accountApi.listServers();
expect(mockGetServers).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
});
});
});
Note that I have not tested this implementation; tweaking may be required.
I unit test code in typescript, use jest. Please teach me how to mock getData to return the expected value. My code as below:
// File util.ts
export const getData = async () => {
// Todo something
return data;
}
// File execution.ts import { getData } from './util';
function execute()
{
// todo something
const data = await getData();
// todo something
}
The problem is that your function returns a promise. Depends on how you use it there are several ways to mock it.
The simplest way would be to mock it directly, but then it will always return the same value:
// note, the path is relative to your test file
jest.mock('./util', () => ({ getData: () => 'someValue' }));
If you want to test both the resolved and the rejected case you need to mock getData so it will return a spy where you later on can change the implementation use mockImplementation. You also need to use async/await to make the test work, have a look at the docs about asynchronous testing:
import { getData } from './util';
jest.mock('./util', () => ({ getData: ()=> jest.fn() }));
it('success case', async () => {
const result = Promise.resolve('someValue');
getData.mockImplementation(() => result);
// call your function to test
await result; // you need to use await to make jest aware of the promise
});
it('error case', async () => {
const result = Promise.reject(new Error('someError'));
getData.mockImplementation(() => result);
// call your function to test
await expect(result).rejects.toThrow('someError');
});
Try the following in your test file.
Import the function from the module.
import { getData } from './util';
Then mock the module with the function and its return value after all the import statements
jest.mock('./util', () => ({ getData: jest.fn() }))
getData.mockReturnValue("abc");
Then use it in your tests.
Because mocking expression functions can be a real pain to get right, I'm posting a full example below.
Scenario
Let's say we want to test some code that performs some REST call, but we don't want the actual REST call to be made:
// doWithApi.ts
export const doSomethingWithRest = () => {
post("some-url", 123);
}
Where the post is a function expression in a separate file:
// apiHelpers.ts
export const post = (url: string, num: number) => {
throw Error("I'm a REST call that should not run during unit tests!");
}
Setup
Since the post function is used directly (and not passed in as a parameter), we must create a mock file that Jest can use during tests as a replacement for the real post function:
// __mocks__/apiHelpers.ts
export const post = jest.fn();
Spy and Test
Now, finally inside the actual test, we may do the following:
// mockAndSpyInternals.test.ts
import {doSomethingWithRest} from "./doWithApi";
afterEach(jest.clearAllMocks); // Resets the spy between tests
jest.mock("./apiHelpers"); // Replaces runtime functions inside 'apiHelpers' with those found inside __mocks__. Path is relative to current file. Note that we reference the file we want to replace, not the mock we replace it with.
test("When doSomethingWithRest is called, a REST call is performed.", () => {
// If we want to spy on the post method to perform assertions we must add the following lines.
// If no spy is wanted, these lines can be omitted.
const apiHelpers = require("./apiHelpers");
const postSpy = jest.spyOn(apiHelpers, "post");
// Alter the spy if desired (e.g by mocking a resolved promise)
// postSpy.mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve({..some object}))
doSomethingWithRest();
expect(postSpy).toBeCalledTimes(1)
expect(postSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith("some-url", 123);
});
Examples are made using Jest 24.9.0 and Typescript 3.7.4
I want to test the code below, but i'm unsure how to test this function since it returns a function with parameters. You can see in the image that i'm trying to achieve 100% test coverage and to do that I need a test that gets into the returned function.
const jwt = require('express-jwt')
function validateJwt (tokenConfig) {
if (!tokenConfig || !tokenConfig.secret) {
throw new TypeError('tokenConfig param must be defined and have attribute "secret"')
}
return (req, res, next) => {
jwt(_.extend({}, tokenConfig, {
requestProperty: 'tkn',
getToken: ReqHelpers.getEitherTkn
}))
}
}
Test method which obviously fails with the error AssertionError: expected [Function] to be true
it('should succeed', () => {
let result = middleware.validateJwt({secret: 'foo'})
expect(result).to.be.true
})
For this kind of test, what we can do is to spy on jwt function call and checking its arguments.
Updated:
since express-jwt return function, we need to involve proxyquire to spy the function. Ref: https://github.com/thlorenz/proxyquire
You can do something like this:
const proxyquire = require('proxyquire');
const sinon = require('sinon');
const jwtSpy = sinon.spy();
const middleware = proxyquire('./middleware', { 'express-jwt': jwtSpy }); // 'express-jwt' comes from your require statement for this package
it('should call jwt', () => {
const req = sinon.spy();
const res = sinon.spy();
const next = sinon.spy();
middleware.validateJwt({secret: 'foo'})(req, res, next);
expect(jwtSpy.called).to.be.ok;
expect(jwtSpy.calledWithArg({ secret: 'foo', requestProperty: 'tkn'}).to.be.ok; // for checking the arguments
})
Hope it helps
Right, so two things.
First, in your test you need to execute the returned function rather than testing it directly. Unfortunately I’m on my phone and can’t post code right now.
Second, your function that’s returned doesn’t return anything itself, as it just calls the jwt function. This isn’t necessarily a problem. As long as jwt() is updating some object or variable in your test space, you can test the current state of that obj/variable in your test instead of interrogating the function directly.
Using proxyquire, sinon, and mocha.
I am able to stub fetch on the first call of fetch. But on the second fetch call, which is recursive, I am not able to assert it. From the output, it looks like the assertion may run before the test finishes. You will see this with second fetch console out after assertion.
index.js
var fetch = require('node-fetch');
function a() {
console.log('function a runs');
fetch('https://www.google.com')
.then((e) => {
console.log('first fetch');
b();
})
.catch((e)=> {
console.log('error')
});
}
function b() {
fetch('https://www.google.com')
.then((e) => {
console.log('second fetch');
})
.catch((e)=> {
console.log('error')
});
}
a()
test:
describe('fetch test demo', ()=> {
it('fetch should of called twice', (done)=> {
fetchStub = sinon.stub();
fetchStub2 = sinon.stub();
fetch = sinon.stub();
fetchStub.returns(Promise.resolve('hello'));
fetchStub2.returns(Promise.resolve('hi'));
var promises = [ fetchStub, fetchStub2 ]
fetch.returns(Promise.all(promises));
proxy('../index', {
'node-fetch': fetch
});
fetch.should.have.been.callCount(2);
done()
});
});
fetch test demo
function a runs
1) fetch should of called twice
first fetch
second fetch
lifx alert test
- fetch should of called three times
when rain change is over 50%
- should run fetch twice
0 passing (78ms)
2 pending
1 failing
1) fetch test demo fetch should of called twice:
expected stub to have been called exactly twice, but it was called once
stub(https://www.google.com) => [Promise] { } at a (/home/one/github/lifx-weather/foobar.js:5:3)
AssertionError: expected stub to have been called exactly twice, but it was called once
stub(https://www.google.com) => [Promise] { } at a (foobar.js:5:3)
at Context.it (test/bar.js:22:28)
Updated version
#dman, since you updated your test case I owe you an updated answer. Although rephrased, the scenario is still unorthodox - it seems like you want to ignore in a sense the 'law of gravity' even though you know it's right there in front of you.
I'll try to be as descriptive as possible. You have two functions which are doing async stuff by design. a() calls b() sequentially - by the way this is not recursion. Both functions do not notify their callers upon completion / failure, i.e. they are treated as fire-and-forget.
Now, let's have a look at your test scenario. You create 3 stubs. Two of them resolve to a string and one combining their execution using Promise.all(). Next, you proxy the 'node-fetch' module
proxy('./updated', {
'node-fetch': fetch
});
using the stub that returns the combined execution of stubs 1 & 2. Now, if you print out the resolved value of fetch in either function, you will see that instead of a string it's an array of stubs.
function a () {
console.log('function a runs');
fetch('http://localhost')
.then((e) => {
console.log('first fetch', e);
b();
})
.catch((e) => {
console.log('error');
});
}
Which I guess is not the intended output. But let's move over as this is not killing your test anyway. Next, you have added the assertion together with the done() statement.
fetch.should.have.been.callCount(2);
done();
The issue here is that whether you are using done() or not, the effect would be exactly the same. You are executing your scenario in sync mode. Of course in this case, the assertion will always fail. But the important thing here is to understand why.
So, let's rewrite your scenario to mimic the async nature of the behavior you want to validate.
'use strict';
const chai = require('chai');
const sinon = require('sinon');
const SinonChai = require('sinon-chai');
chai.use(SinonChai);
chai.should();
const proxy = require('proxyquire');
describe('fetch test demo', () => {
it('fetch should of called twice', (done) => {
var fetchStub = sinon.stub();
var fetchStub2 = sinon.stub();
var fetch = sinon.stub();
fetchStub.returns(Promise.resolve('hello'));
fetchStub2.returns(Promise.resolve('hi'));
var promises = [fetchStub, fetchStub2];
fetch.returns(Promise.all(promises));
proxy('./updated', {
'node-fetch': fetch
});
setTimeout(() => {
fetch.should.have.been.callCount(2);
done();
}, 10);
});
});
As you can see, the only change made was wrapping the assertion within a timer block. Nothing much - just wait for 10ms and then assert. Now the test passes as expected. Why?
Well, to me it's pretty straightforward. You want to test 2 sequentially executed async functions and still run your assertions in sync mode. That sounds cool, but it's not gonna happen :) So you have 2 options:
Have your functions notify callers upon completion and then run your assertions in truly async mode
Mimic the async nature of things using unorthodox techniques
Reply based on original test scenario
It can be done. I've re-factored your provided files a bit so that
can be executed.
index.js
const fetch = require('node-fetch');
const sendAlert = require('./alerts').sendAlert;
module.exports.init = function () {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fetch('https://localhost')
.then(function () {
sendAlert().then(() => {
resolve();
}).catch(
e => reject(e)
);
})
.catch(e => {
reject(e);
});
});
};
alerts.js
const fetch = require('node-fetch');
module.exports.sendAlert = function () {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fetch('https://localhost')
.then(function () {
resolve();
}).catch((e) => {
reject(e);
});
});
};
test.js
'use strict';
const chai = require('chai');
const sinon = require('sinon');
const SinonChai = require('sinon-chai');
chai.use(SinonChai);
chai.should();
const proxy = require('proxyquire');
describe.only('lifx alert test', () => {
it('fetch should of called twice', (done) => {
var body = {
'hourly': {
data: [{
time: 1493413200,
icon: 'clear-day',
precipIntensity: 0,
precipProbability: 0,
ozone: 297.17
}]
}
};
var response = {
json: () => {
return body;
}
};
const fetchStub = sinon.stub();
fetchStub.returns(Promise.resolve(response));
fetchStub['#global'] = true;
var stubs = {
'node-fetch': fetchStub
};
const p1 = proxy('./index', stubs);
p1.init().then(() => {
try {
fetchStub.should.have.been.calledTwice;
done();
} catch (e) {
done(e);
}
}).catch((e) => done(e));
});
});
What you're trying to do though is a bit unorthodox when it comes to
good unit testing practices. Although proxyquire supports this
mode of stubbing through a feature called global overrides, it is
explained here why should anyone think twice before going down
this path.
In order to make your example pass the test, you just need to add an
extra attribute to the Sinon stub called #global and set it to
true. This flag overrides the require() caching mechanism and
uses the provided stub no matter which module is called from.
So, although what you're asking can be done I will have to agree with
the users that commented your question, that this should not be
adopted as a proper way of structuring your tests.
Here is also a alternative way to do this using Promise.all().
Note: this won't work if using fetch's json method and you need to pass data in the resolve() for logic on data. It will only pass in the stubs when resolved. However, it will assert the number of times called.
describe('fetch test demo', () => {
it('fetch should of called twice', () => {
let fetchStub = sinon.stub();
let fetchStub2 = sinon.stub();
let fetch = sinon.stub();
fetchStub.returns(Promise.resolve('hello'));
fetchStub2.returns(Promise.resolve('hi'));
var promises = [ fetchStub, fetchStub2 ]
var promise = Promise.all(promises);
fetch.returns(promise);
proxy('../foobar', { 'node-fetch': fetch });
return promise.then(() => {
fetch.should.have.callCount(2);
});
});
});
I have found another way to get things done.
May be this could work for someone.
describe('Parent', () => {
let array: any = [];
before(async () => {
array = await someAsyncDataFetchFunction();
asyncTests();
});
it('Dummy test to run before()',async () => {
expect(0).to.equal(0); // You can use this test to getting confirm whether data fetch is completed or not.
});
function asyncTests() {
array.forEach((currentValue: any) => {
describe('Child', async () => {
it('Test '+ currentValue ,() => {
expect(currentValue).to.equal(true);
})
})
});
}
});
That's how I achieved the assertion on every element of the array. (Array data is being fetch asynchronously).