How to update state with usestate in an array of objects? - javascript

I'm having some trouble with the React useState hook. I have a todolist with a checkbox button and I want to update the 'done' property to 'true' that has the same id as the id of the 'clicked' checkbox button. If I console.log my 'toggleDone' function it returns the right id. But I have no idea how I can update the right property.
The current state:
const App = () => {
const [state, setState] = useState({
todos:
[
{
id: 1,
title: 'take out trash',
done: false
},
{
id: 2,
title: 'wife to dinner',
done: false
},
{
id: 3,
title: 'make react app',
done: false
},
]
})
const toggleDone = (id) => {
console.log(id);
}
return (
<div className="App">
<Todos todos={state.todos} toggleDone={toggleDone}/>
</div>
);
}
The updated state I want:
const App = () => {
const [state, setState] = useState({
todos:
[
{
id: 1,
title: 'take out trash',
done: false
},
{
id: 2,
title: 'wife to dinner',
done: false
},
{
id: 3,
title: 'make react app',
done: true // if I checked this checkbox.
},
]
})

You can safely use javascript's array map functionality since that will not modify existing state, which react does not like, and it returns a new array. The process is to loop over the state's array and find the correct id. Update the done boolean. Then set state with the updated list.
const toggleDone = (id) => {
console.log(id);
// loop over the todos list and find the provided id.
let updatedList = state.todos.map(item =>
{
if (item.id == id){
return {...item, done: !item.done}; //gets everything that was already in item, and updates "done"
}
return item; // else return unmodified item
});
setState({todos: updatedList}); // set state to new object with updated list
}
Edit: updated the code to toggle item.done instead of setting it to true.

You need to use the spread operator like so:
const toggleDone = (id) => {
let newState = [...state];
newState[index].done = true;
setState(newState])
}

D. Smith's answer is great, but could be refactored to be made more declarative like so..
const toggleDone = (id) => {
console.log(id);
setState(state => {
// loop over the todos list and find the provided id.
return state.todos.map(item => {
//gets everything that was already in item, and updates "done"
//else returns unmodified item
return item.id === id ? {...item, done: !item.done} : item
})
}); // set state to new object with updated list
}

const toggleDone = (id) => {
console.log(id);
// copy old state
const newState = {...state, todos: [...state.todos]};
// change value
const matchingIndex = newState.todos.findIndex((item) => item.id == id);
if (matchingIndex !== -1) {
newState.todos[matchingIndex] = {
...newState.todos[matchingIndex],
done: !newState.todos[matchingIndex].done
}
}
// set new state
setState(newState);
}

Something similar to D. Smith's answer but a little more concise:
const toggleDone = (id) => {
setState(prevState => {
// Loop over your list
return prevState.map((item) => {
// Check for the item with the specified id and update it
return item.id === id ? {...item, done: !item.done} : item
})
})
}

All the great answers but I would do it like this
setState(prevState => {
...prevState,
todos: [...prevState.todos, newObj]
})
This will safely update the state safely. Also the data integrity will be kept. This will also solve the data consistency at the time of update.
if you want to do any condition do like this
setState(prevState => {
if(condition){
return {
...prevState,
todos: [...prevState.todos, newObj]
}
}else{
return prevState
}
})

I would create just the todos array using useState instead of another state, the key is creating a copy of the todos array, updating that, and setting it as the new array.
Here is a working example: https://codesandbox.io/s/competent-bogdan-kn22e?file=/src/App.js
const App = () => {
const [todos, setTodos] = useState([
{
id: 1,
title: "take out trash",
done: false
},
{
id: 2,
title: "wife to dinner",
done: false
},
{
id: 3,
title: "make react app",
done: false
}
]);
const toggleDone = (e, item) => {
const indexToUpdate = todos.findIndex((todo) => todo.id === item.id);
const updatedTodos = [...todos]; // creates a copy of the array
updatedTodos[indexToUpdate].done = !item.done;
setTodos(updatedTodos);
};

Related

React: append to a state array object's array

My state looks something like this:
const [state, setState] = useState([
{ id: uuidv4(), myList: ["listItem1", "listItem2"] }
{ id: uuidv4(), myList: ["listItem1"] }
])
How can I add a value to myList to the specific object that I want it added?
First, as you need do compute uuid to generate the ids, I would use a function to initialize the state :
const [state, setState] = useState(() => [
{ id: uuidv4(), myList: ["listItem1", "listItem2"] }
{ id: uuidv4(), myList: ["listItem1"] }
])
Then, to add an item to the myList array, I suggest you to add a function like below :
function addItem(id, item) {
const newState = state.map(el =>
el.id === id ? {...el, myList: [...el.myList, item]} : el
);
setState(newState);
}

How to filter an array and add values to a state

I have the current state as:
const [data, setData] = useState([
{ id: 1, name: "One", isChecked: false },
{ id: 2, name: "Two", isChecked: true },
{ id: 3, name: "Three", isChecked: false }
]);
I map through the state and display the data in a div and call a onClicked function to toggle the isChecked value on click:
const clickData = index => {
const newDatas = [...data];
newDatas[index].isChecked = !newDatas[index].isChecked;
setData(newDatas);
const newSelected = [...selected];
const temp = datas.filter(isChecked==true) // incomplete code, struggling here.
const temp = datas.isChecked ?
};
I have another empty state called clicked:
const[clicked, setClicked] = setState([]). I want to add all the objected whose isChecked is true from the datas array to this array. How can I do this?
I just add checkBox & onChange event instead of using div & onClick event for your understanding
import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import "./style.css";
export default function App() {
const [data, setData] = useState([
{ id: 1, name: "One", isChecked: false },
{ id: 2, name: "Two", isChecked: true },
{ id: 3, name: "Three", isChecked: false }
]);
const [clicked, setClicked] = useState([]);
const clickData = index => {
let tempData = data.map(res => {
if (res.id !== index) {
return res;
}
res.isChecked = !res.isChecked;
return res;
});
setClicked(tempData.filter(res => res.isChecked));
};
useEffect(() => {
setClicked(data.filter(res => res.isChecked));
}, []);
return (
<div>
{data.map((res, i) => (
<div key={i}>
<input
type="checkbox"
checked={res.isChecked}
key={i}
onChange={() => {
clickData(res.id);
}}
/>
<label>{res.name}</label>
</div>
))}
{clicked.map(({ name }, i) => (
<p key={i}>{name}</p>
))}
</div>
);
}
https://stackblitz.com/edit/react-y4fdzm?file=src/App.js
Supposing you're iterating through your data in a similar fashion:
{data.map((obj, index) => <div key={index} onClick={handleClick}>{obj.name}</div>}
You can add a data attribute where you assign the checked value for that element, so something like this:
{data.map((obj, index) => <div key={index} data-checked={obj.isChecked} data-index={index} onClick={handleClick}>{obj.name}</div>}
From this, you can now update your isClicked state when the handleClick function gets called, as such:
const handleClick = (event) => {
event.preventDefault()
const checked = event.target.getAttribute("data-checked")
const index = event.target.getAttribute("data-index")
// everytime one of the elements get clicked, it gets added to isClicked array state if true
If (checked) {
let tempArr = [ ...isClicked ]
tempArr[index] = checked
setClicked(tempArr)
}
}
That will let you add the items to your array one by one whenever they get clicked, but if you want all your truthy values to be added in a single click, then you simply need to write your handleClick as followed:
const handleClick = (event) => {
event.preventDefault()
// filter data objects selecting only the ones with isChecked property on true
setClicked(data.filter(obj => obj.isChecked))
}
My apologies in case the indentation is a bit off as I've been typing from the phone. Hope this helps!

Need to delete item from array using redux

so I have a reducer that is adding to array
create reducer :
export default (itemsList = [], action) => {
if (action.type === 'ADD_ITEM') {
return [...itemsList, action.payload]
}
return itemList
}
deleting reducer (99% that something is wrong here, but I have no idea what ):
export default (itemList = [], action) => {
if (action.type === 'DELETE_ITEM') {
return [...itemList, itemList.filter(item => item !== action.payload)]
}
return itemList
};
action/index.js:
export const addItemToList = item => {
return {
type: 'ADD_ITEM',
payload: selectedItem
}
};
export const deleteItemFromList = item => {
return{
type: 'DELETE_ITEM',
payload: selectedItem
}
};
let say I have
itemList = [ 'abc', 'xyz', 'qwe' ]
and I want to use deleteItem('xyz') to delete 'xyz' from itemList
While deleting you just need to return the filtered list and not use spread operator too.
export default (itemList = [], action) => {
if (action.type === 'DELETE_AUTHOR') {
return itemList.filter(item => item !== action.payload)
}
return listOfAuthorsSelected
};
Array.filter() returns a new array with given filter condition and not mutate the existing array. You don't have need to use ...itemList(spread operator). Here you are actually adding a sub array each time.
Here is a simple running example
var array1 = ["abc", "def" , "ghi"];
var array2 = [...array1, array1.filter((item) => {
return item !== "def"
})];
document.write(array2);
// correct way to filter
var array3 = ["abc", "def" , "ghi"];
var array4 = array3.filter((item) => {
return item !== "def"
});
document.write("<hr/>"+array4);

Toggle item in an array react

I want to toggle a property of an object in an array. The array looks as follows. This is being used in a react component and When a user clicks on a button I want to toggle the winner.
const initialFixtures = [{
teams: {
home: 'Liverpool',
away: 'Manchester Utd'
},
winner: 'Liverpool'
},
{
teams: {
home: 'Chelsea',
away: 'Fulham'
},
winner: 'Fulham'
}, ,
{
teams: {
home: 'Arsenal',
away: 'Tottenham'
},
winner: 'Arsenal'
}
];
My react code looks something like this
function Parent = () => {
const [fixtures, setUpdateFixtures] = useState(initialFixtures)
const toggleWinner = (index) => {
const updatedFixtures = fixtures.map((fixture, i) => {
if (i === index) {
return {
...fixture,
winner: fixture.winner === home ? away : home,
};
} else {
return fixture;
}
})
setUpdateFixtures(updatedFixtures);
}
return <Fixtures fixtures={fixtures} toggleWinner={toggleWinner} />;
}
function Fixtures = ({ fixtures, toggleWinner }) => {
fixtures.map((fixture, index) => (
<div>
<p>{fixture.winner} </p>
<button onClick = {() => toggleWinner(index)}> Change Winner</button>
</div>
))
}
the code works but it feels like it is a bit too much. I am sure there is a better more succinct way of doing this. Can anyone advise? I do need to pass the fixtures in from the parent of the Fixture component for architectural reasons.
const updatedFixtures = [...fixtures];
const fixture = updatedFixtures[i];
updatedFixtures[i] = {
...fixture,
winner: fixture.winner === fixture.teams.home ? fixture.teams.away : fixture.teams.home,
};
You can slice the fixtures array into three parts:
from 0 to index: fixtures.slice(0, index). This part is moved to the new array intact.
The single item at index. This part/item is thrown away because of being changed and a new item is substituted.
The rest of the array: fixtures.slice(index + 1).
Next, put them into a new array:
const newFixtures = [
...fixtures.slice(0, index), // part 1
{/* new item at 'index' */}, // part 2
...fixtures.slice(index + 1) // part 3
];
To construct the new item:
Using spread operator:
const newFixture = {
...oldFixture,
winner: /* new value */
};
Using Object.assign:
const newFixture = Object.assign({}, oldFixture, {
winner: /* new value */
});
if you write your code in such a way - this will do the job.
const toggleWinner = index => {
const { winner, teams: { home, away } } = fixtures[index];
fixtures[index].winner = winner === home ? away : home;
setUpdateFixtures([...fixtures]);
};
Setting a new array of fixtures to state is completely enough to trigger render on Fixtures component.
I have made a working example for you.
You can use libraries like immer to update nested states easily.
const initialFixtures = [{
teams: {
home: 'Liverpool',
away: 'Manchester Utd'
},
winner: 'Liverpool'
},
{
teams: {
home: 'Chelsea',
away: 'Fulham'
},
winner: 'Fulham'
}, ,
{
teams: {
home: 'Arsenal',
away: 'Tottenham'
},
winner: 'Arsenal'
}
];
const newState = immer.default(initialFixtures, draft => {
draft[1].winner = "something";
});
console.log(newState);
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/immer#1.0.1/dist/immer.umd.js"></script>
If you are comfortable to use a class based approach, you can try something like this:
Create a class that holds property value for team.
Create a boolean property in this class, say isHomeWinner. This property will decide the winner.
Then create a getter property winner which will lookup this.isHomeWinner and will give necessary value.
This will enable you to have a clean toggle function: this.isHomeWinner = !this.isHomeWinner.
You can also write your toggleWinner as:
const toggleWinner = (index) => {
const newArr = initialFixtures.slice();
newArr[index].toggle();
return newArr;
};
This looks clean and declarative. Note, if immutability is necessary then only this is required. If you are comfortable with mutating values, just pass fixture.toggle to your react component. You may need to bind context, but that should work as well.
So it would look something like:
function Fixtures = ({ fixtures, toggleWinner }) => {
fixtures.map((fixture, index) => (
<div>
<p>{fixture.winner} </p>
<button onClick = {() => fixture.toggle() }> Change Winner</button>
// or
// <button onClick = { fixture.toggle.bind(fixture) }> Change Winner</button>
</div>
))
}
Following is a sample of class and its use:
class Fixtures {
constructor(home, away, isHomeWinner) {
this.team = {
home,
away
};
this.isHomeWinner = isHomeWinner === undefined ? true : isHomeWinner;
}
get winner() {
return this.isHomeWinner ? this.team.home : this.team.away;
}
toggle() {
this.isHomeWinner = !this.isHomeWinner
}
}
let initialFixtures = [
new Fixtures('Liverpool', 'Manchester Utd'),
new Fixtures('Chelsea', 'Fulham', false),
new Fixtures('Arsenal', 'Tottenham'),
];
const toggleWinner = (index) => {
const newArr = initialFixtures.slice();
newArr[index].toggle();
return newArr;
};
initialFixtures.forEach((fixture) => console.log(fixture.winner))
console.log('----------------')
initialFixtures = toggleWinner(1);
initialFixtures.forEach((fixture) => console.log(fixture.winner))
initialFixtures = toggleWinner(2);
console.log('----------------')
initialFixtures.forEach((fixture) => console.log(fixture.winner))
const toggleWinner = (index) => {
let updatedFixtures = [...fixtures].splice(index, 1, {...fixtures[index],
winner: fixtures[index].winner === fixtures[index].teams.home
? fixtures[index].teams.away : fixtures[index].teams.home})
setUpdateFixtures(updatedFixtures);
}

React redux counter example from a array of objects

I am trying to create an example of a counter with React and Redux, but I can not update the status of the current item in which it was clicked.
The click event, i pass the id in the payload of the current item clicked.
return this.props.peliculas.map(movie => {
return <li onClick={() => this.handleClicks(movie.id)} key=
{movie.id}>{movie.title}</li>
});
I have function in the class to handle the event:
handleClicks(peli){
this.props.onLiClick(peli);
}
The dispatch part:
const mapStateToProps = state => {
return {
peliculas: state.movies.peliculas
}
};
const mapDispatchToProps = dispatch => {
return {
onLiClick: (id) => dispatch({ type: 'ADD_CLICK', payload: {id} })
}
};
The reducer
const laspelis = {
peliculas: [{title: 'T1', id: 1, clicks: 0}, {title: 'T2', id: 2, clicks: 0}],
isActive: false
};
export const movies = (state= laspelis, action) => {
switch (action.type) {
case 'ADD_CLICK':
//How to update the current item inside of the reducer?
// After click the current item add 1 to the clicks property
// If the item has id: 2 => {title: 'T2', id: 2, clicks: 1}
return {
...state,
peliculas: [{title: 'Otro 1', id:1},{title: 'Otro 2', id:2}]
}
default:
break;
}
return state;
};
I have the click event linked correctly and the action is sent to the reducer,(I'm just going to show the code partially)
Thanks.
You need to find an item to update by id, replace it with a new one, and not to forget to change entire array
return {
...state,
peliculas: state.peliculas.map(item => {
if(item.id === payload.id) {
return { ...item, clicks: item.clicks + 1}
}
return item;
})
}

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