JavaScript Events not adding to the DOM - javascript

As an exercise I have to do a little online bike reservation app. This app begins with a header which explains how to use the service. I wanted this tutorial be optional so I wrote a welcome message in HTML and if the user doesn't have a var in his cookies saying he doesn't want to see the tutorial again, the welcome message is replaced by a slider that displays the information.
To achieve that is fetch a JSON file with all the elements I need to build the slider (three divs : the left one with an arrow image inside, the central one where the explanations occur and the right one with another arrow). Furthermore I want to put "click" events on the arrows to display next or previous slide. However, when I do so, only the right arrow event works. I thought of a closure problem since it is the last element to be added to the DOM that keeps its event but tried many things without success. I also tried to add another event to the div that works ("keypress") but only the click seems to work. Can you look at my code give me an hint on what is going on?
Here is the init function of my controller:
init: function() {
var load = this.getCookie();
if(load[0] === ""){
viewHeader.clearCode();
var diapoData = ServiceModule.loadDiapoData("http://localhost/javascript-web-srv/data/diaporama.json");
diapoData.then(
(data) => {
// JSON conversion
modelDiapo.init(data);
// translation into html
controller.initElementHeader(modelDiapo.diapoElt[0]);
controller.hideTuto();
}, (error) => {
console.log('Promise rejected.');
console.log(error);
});
} else {
viewHeader.hideButton();
controller.relaunchTuto();
}
}
There is a closer look at my function translating the JSON elements into HTML and adding events if needed :
initElementHeader: function(data){
data.forEach(element => {
// Creation of the new html element
let newElement = new modelHeader(element);
// render the DOM
viewHeader.init(newElement);
});
}
NewElement is a class creating all I need to insert the HTML, viewHeader.init() updates the DOM with those elements and add events to them if needed.
init: function(objetElt){
// call the render
this.render(objetElt.parentElt, objetElt.element);
// add events
this.addEvent(objetElt);
},
Finally the addEvent function:
addEvent: function(objet){
if(objet.id === "image_fleche_gauche"){
let domEventElt = document.getElementById(objet.id);
domEventElt.addEventListener("click", function(){
// do things
});
}
else if(objet.id === "image_fleche_droite"){
let domEventElt = document.getElementById(objet.id);
domEventElt.addEventListener("click", function(){
// do stuff
});
};
},
I hope being clear enough about my problem. Thank You.

Ok, I found the problem, even if the element was actually created, it somehow stayed in the virtual DOM for some time, when the "getElementById" in "addEvent" was looking for it in the real DOM it didn't find the target and couldn't add the event. This problem didn't occur for the last element since there was nothing else buffering in the virtual DOM.
On conclusion I took out the function adding events out of the forEach loop and created another one after the DOM is updated to add my events.

Related

Observe a JS event, when you only know PART of the event name?

I've inherited some JS (that I can't change) that fires a bunch of events:
jQuery(document).trigger('section:' + section);
// where "section" changes dynamically
And I want to observe for ALL of these events, and parse out the value for section, and do something different depending on it's contents.
If it didn't change I could do this:
jQuery(document).on('section:top', doStuff );
But how do I observe an event if I only know the first part of that event name?
You cannot listen for all events in the style of $().on('section:*'), unfortunately. If you can change the code, I would do the following:
jQuery(document).trigger({
type: 'section',
section: section
});
Then you listen for it and don't need to parse anything out
jQuery(document).on('section', function(e){
if (e.section === 'top') {
// Something happened to the top section
}
});
If you want to minimize your code changes, leave the old event in there, that way existing code will be unaffected.
A different approach would be to use event namespaces.
jQuery(document).trigger('section.' + section);
jQuery(document).on('section', function(e){
if (e.namespace === 'top') {
// Something happened to the top section
}
});
I, however, prefer the first approach because event namespaces are most commonly used for a different purpose: to be able to remove events without being forced to keep a reference to the handler itself. See http://css-tricks.com/namespaced-events-jquery/ and http://ejohn.org/apps/workshop/adv-talk/#13. I prefer to use styles that other developers are used to, if they do the job.
I'm really not sure about your use case but you could overwrite $.fn.trigger method:
(function ($) {
var oldTrigger = $.fn.trigger;
$.fn.trigger = function () {
if (arguments[0].match(/^section:/)) {
doStuff(arguments[0].split(':')[1]);
}
return oldTrigger.apply(this, arguments);
};
})(jQuery);
var section = "top";
jQuery(document).trigger('section:' + section);
function doStuff(section) {
alert(section);
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
Here's what I ended up doing.
It's a combination of Juan Mendes's solution, and using a method from the prototype library
Originally, there was a function that ran this code:
myObject.adjustSection(section) {
jQuery(document).trigger('section:' + section);
}
// I couldn't edit this function
So I extended the function with prototype's wrap method, since my project used prototype as well as jQuery.
// My custom function wrapper
// extend adjustSection to include new event trigger
myObject.prototype.adjustSection = myObject.prototype.adjustSection.wrap(
function(parentFunction, section) {
// call original function
parentFunction(section);
// fire event w/section info
jQuery(document).trigger({
type: 'adjustSection',
section: section
});
}
);
Then, it runs the original one, but also fires my custom event that includes the section info.
Now, I can do this to observe that event and get the section type:
jQuery(document).on('adjustSection', function(event) {
event.section; // contains the section I need
});
Of course, this means I have to utilize both prototype and jquery within the same scope, which isn't the best thing in the world. But it worked.

Javascript object destroy event handler

MyMapStaticObject
var PlaceViewModel = function(){
MyMapStaticObject.addLayer(someLayer);
}
PlaceViewModel.prototype.addMarker = function(item){
}
I have a PlaceViewModel that has a function named addMarker to add marker to map. I will use PlaceViewModel new istances in different classes.
var inst = new PlaceViewModel();
When I initialize the PlaceViewModel, I am adding new layer to map via MyMapStaticObject. I should remove layer when instance destroyed.
Can I handle javascript destroy event?
Javascript does not have a destroy event. It is a garbage collected language and will free an object when there is no longer any code that can reach the object reference. When it does free the object, it does not provide any event to notify of that.
If you want to implement some sort of clean-up code that will remove the layer, then you will have to add a method that you can call when you are done with the object, so you can call that method and it can then remove the layer in that method. Calling this method will have to be a manual operation on your part (most likely it will be hooked into the management of other things going on in your code and you can call it by that code at the appropriate time).
Bit late to the party here, but I wanted to know when an object got destroyed. Problem is JS doesn't have any built in way of doing this. I wanted this so that I could add websocket events to a page, and then remove when it went to another page, of course I could have implemented this in say the page loading section, but I have different frameworks and wanted a more generic solution to object destroying problem. Javascript is a garbage collected language, but it still would have been nice to have some life-cycle events we could attach too. There is of course proxy's, but again that wouldn't help here, because it's the proxy itself I would need to know that has been deleted.
Well, there is one place you do get a kind of destroy event, and that's with the MutationObserver, that most modern browsers now support. It's not strictly destroying, it's adding and removing nodes from the DOM. But generally speaking if you have events, you are likely to have some DOM node you could attach too, or even if it's none visual you could just add a none visible DOM element.
So I have a little function called domDestroy(element, obj), when it detects the element been removed, it then checks if the obj has a destroy method, if one exists it will call it.
Now one gotcha I had is that I create my pages in an hidden DOM node, and of course when I placed into the visible DOM node, I was getting a delete because I was detaching from the invisible DOM node, and then attaching to the visible DOM. Not what we want at all.
The solution was pretty simple, when doing this kind of double buffering, it's normally done in 1 step, eg. hide current page, show new page. So what I do is keep track of when it's been removed and keep in a simple Set, and then also keep track of elements been added, and if this element is part of the Set I will remove it. I then just check this Set again on the next tick, if's it's still there, it's been really deleted and we call the destroy method of the object.
Below is a simple example, basically if you right click and inspect the page, you can move the LI's up and down with dragging and dropping, this would cause a DOM detach and re-attach,. But if you instead delete one of the LI's, you will notice it say delete then, because it now knows it wasn't re-attached to another DOM.
Of course, one thing to be aware of, if you do any attaching / detaching of DOM elements try and do this within the same tick, IOW: be aware of asynchronous ops in between. Also you might use detached DOM's to build your pages, here you could easily alter the function to cope with this too, basically add these using the destroyObserver.observe(.
const dsy = "__dom-destroy-obj";
const destroyList = new Set();
let tm;
function cleanUp() {
tm = null;
for (const el of destroyList) {
for (const d of el[dsy]) {
d.destroy();
}
}
destroyList.clear();
}
function checkDestroy(el) {
if (el[dsy]) {
for (const d of el[dsy]) {
if (!d.destroy) {
console.warn("No destroy, on dom-destroy-obj target");
} else {
destroyList.add(el);
if (tm) return; //already a timer running
tm = setTimeout(cleanUp, 1);
}
}
}
if (el.childNodes) for (const n of el.childNodes) checkDestroy(n);
}
function checkAdded(el) {
if (el[dsy]) {
destroyList.delete(el);
}
if (el.childNodes) for (const n of el.childNodes) checkAdded(n);
}
const destroyObserver = new MutationObserver(
function (mutations) {
for (const m of mutations) {
if (m.removedNodes.length) {
for (const i of m.removedNodes) {
checkDestroy(i);
}
}
if (m.addedNodes.length) {
for (const i of m.addedNodes) {
checkAdded(i);
}
}
}
}
);
destroyObserver.observe(document.body, {
childList: true,
subtree: true
});
function domDestroy(element, obj) {
if (!element[dsy]) element[dsy] = new Set();
element[dsy].add(obj);
}
//simple test.
for (const i of document.querySelectorAll("li")) {
domDestroy(i, {
destroy: () => console.log("destroy")
});
}
<span>
From your browsers inspector, try moving the LI's, and deleting them. Only when you delete the DOM node, should the destroy method get called.
</span>
<ul>
<li>Re order</li>
<li>Or delete</li>
<li>Some of these</li>
</ul>

Detect new content loaded in a div

I'm trying to make a custom "nickname-highlighter" just for me, on a distant and javascript based webchat. Clearly, I want that each time my nickname appears in the chat, a sound is played.
In this chat there is a #TheChatDiv in which a new .NewChatText is added each time a user write something new.
So far I've tried this :
$('#TheChatDiv').bind("DOMSubtreeModified",function(){
// Do things, like play the song of your people.
});
Which actually works well, except that i'm unable to extract the text of the chat posted. The thing is that I also need to read the text posted, to detect my nickname in it and make my code behave like it needs to.
Any idea how I could do that ?
You should generally create an event or fire a function whenever a message is inserted into the chat element and then search the added message for whatever you're looking for, however if that's not an option you'd generally be better of using mutation observers instead of the deprecated DOMSubtreeModified event, something like this
var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {
$.each(mutations, function(_, mutation) {
$.each(mutation.addedNodes, function(_, node) {
if ( $(node).text().indexOf('Cyc') != -1) {
// Play sound for Cyc
}
});
});
});
observer.observe(
$('#TheChatDiv').get(0),
{ attributes: true, childList: true, characterData: true }
);
FIDDLE
As for me the better way is to inject highlighting logic directly in your receiveMessage function where NewChatText is being created and appended to the TheChatDiv.
I assume you have something like:
function receiveMessage(message) {
var chat = $('#TheChatDiv');
$('<div>')
.text(message)
.addClass('NewChatText')
.appendTo(chat);
if (message.indexOf('YourNickName') {
// Play sound, highlight etc.
}
}
Try this:
var nickname = $('.NewChatText .nickname').text();
if (nickname == 'YOURNAME') {
// Insert your code here, the autor of .NewChatText is 'YOURNAME'
}
If this isn't the response you are searching for, you should describe your problem more in detail.

Waiting for model's data to be loaded using jQuery when -- experiencing timing differences?

I have an MVC application. I am trying to load a model from the server using jQuery's load. This works perfectly fine. I am now trying to run some JavaScript after all of my views have been loaded. As such, I am introducing jQuery's deferred promise functionality through use of jQuery .when
My limited understanding of this functionality has lead me to believe that the two bits of code below should run identically. It seems to me that my 'then' method is executing too soon, though. I'm not sure how to confirm that.
Old Code (Works):
$('#OrderDetails').load('../../csweb/Orders/OrderDetails', function () {
$("fieldset legend").off('click').click(function () {
var fieldset = $(this).parent();
var isWrappedInDiv = $(fieldset.children()[0]).is('div');
if (isWrappedInDiv) {
fieldset.find("div").slideToggle();
} else {
fieldset.wrapInner("<div>");
$(this).appendTo($(this).parent().parent());
fieldset.find("div").slideToggle();
}
});
});
Now, I would like to extend that to wait for multiple load events. To keep things simple, though, I am just going to try and wait for OrderDetails:
New Code (Doesn't Work):
var onDisplayLoadSuccess = function () {
console.log("Done!");
console.log('Fieldset legend:', $('fieldset legend'); //Not all found.
$("fieldset legend").off('click').click(function () {
var fieldset = $(this).parent();
var isWrappedInDiv = $(fieldset.children()[0]).is('div');
if (isWrappedInDiv) {
fieldset.find("div").slideToggle();
} else {
fieldset.wrapInner("<div>");
$(this).appendTo($(this).parent().parent());
fieldset.find("div").slideToggle();
}
});
};
var onDisplayLoadFailure = function () {console.error("Error.");};
$.when($('#OrderDetails').load('../../csweb/Orders/OrderDetails')).then(onDisplayLoadSuccess, onDisplayLoadFailure);
I do not see any errors fire. I see 'Done' print to the console, but the timing seems to be different. Legends which existed on the page prior to calling when/load/then have the click event applied to them, but legends which are loaded from in the view given back by OrderDetails do not have the click event bound to them.
By contrast, the old code's success function applied the click event to all legends appropriately. Why would this be the case?
To capture events on DOM elements that are added dynamically after binding an Event, you need to delegate it (http://api.jquery.com/on/).
Something like:
$('fieldset').on('click', 'legend', function(){

Click binding in jQuery with backbone

I'm using Backbone.js, and in one of my main views I've encountered a very strange bug that I can't for the life of me figure out how to solve.
The view looks a look like the new Twitter layout. It receives an array of objects, each of which describes a collection and views elements that act on that collection. Each collection is represented by one tab in the view. The render() method on my view takes this array of collection objects, clears out the tabContainer DOM element if it isn't already empty, renders the tabs and then binds events to each of those tabs.
Now in my code I have the method to render the tabs and the method to bind the click handlers to those tabs sequentially. This works fine the first time I execute render(), but on subsequent calls of render(), the click handlers are not bound. Here's the relevant code snippet:
initialize: function() {
// Context on render(), _addAllTabs and _bindTabEvents is set correctly to 'this'
_.bindAll(this, 'render', 'openModel', 'closeModel', 'isOpen', 'addAllModels', '_switchTab',
'addOneModel', '_addTab', '_removeTab', '_addAllTabs', '_loadCollection',
'_renderControls', '_setCurrentCollection', '_loadModels', '_bindTabEvents');
this.template = JST['ui/viewer'];
$(this.el).html(this.template({}));
// The tabContainer is cached and always available
this.tabContainer = this.$("ul.tabs");
this.collectionContainer = this.$("#collection_container");
this.controlsContainer = this.$("#controls");
this.showMoreButton = this.$("#show_more_button");
},
render: function(collections, dashboard) {
// If _bindTabEvents has been called before, then this.tab exists. I
// intentionally destroy this.tabs and all previously bound click handlers.
if (this.tabs) this.tabContainer.html("");
if (collections) this.collections = collections;
if (dashboard) this.$("#dashboard").html(dashboard.render().el);
// _addAllTabs redraws each of the tabs in my view from scratch using _addTab
this._addAllTabs();
// All tabs *are* present in the DOM before my _bindTabEvents function is called
// However these events are only bound on the first render and not subsequent renders
this._bindTabEvents();
var first_tab = this.collections[0].id;
this.openTab(first_tab);
return this;
},
openTab: function (collectionId, e) {
// If I move _bindTabEvents to here, (per my more thorough explanation below)
// my bug is somehow magically fixed. This makes no friggin sense.
if (this.isTabOpen(collectionId)) return false;
this._switchTab(collectionId, e);
},
_addAllTabs: function() {
_.each(this.collections, this._addTab );
},
_bindTabEvents: function() {
this.tabs = _.reduce(_.pluck(this.collections, "id"), _.bind(function (tabEvents, collectionId) {
var tabId = this.$("#" + collectionId + "_tab");
tabEvents[collectionId] = tabId.click(_.bind(this._switchTab, this, collectionId));
return tabEvents
}, this), {});
},
_addTab: function(content) {
this.tabContainer.append(
$('<li/>')
.attr("id", content.id + "_tab")
.addClass("tab")
.append($('<span/>')
.addClass('label')
.text(content.name)));
//this._loadCollection(content.id);
this.bind("tab:" + content.id, this._loadCollection);
pg.account.bind("change:location", this._loadCollection); // TODO: Should this be here?
},
etc..
As I said, the render() method here does work, but only the first time around. The strange part is that if I move the line this._bindTabEvents(); and make it the first line of the openTab() method like in the following snippet, then the whole thing works perfectly:
openTab: function (collectionId, e) {
this._bindTabEvents();
if (this.isTabOpen(collectionId)) return false;
this._switchTab(collectionId, e);
},
Of course, that line of code has no business being in that method, but it does make the whole thing work fine, which leads me to ask why it works there, but doesn't work sequentially like so:
this._addAllTabs();
this._bindTabEvents();
This makes no sense to me since, it also doesn't work if I put it after this line:
var first_tab = this.collections[0].id;
even though that is essentially the same as what does work insofar as execution order is concerned.
Does anyone have any idea what I'm doing wrong and what I should be doing to make this correct (in terms of both behavior and coding style)?
In your view's render function, return this.delegateEvents(); I think you are losing your event bindings across your renderings and you need to re-establish them.
See this link for the backbone.js documentation for that function:
backbone.js - delegateEvents
When you switch tabs you are not simply showing/hiding content you are destroying and rebuild dom element so you are also destroying event liseners attached to them. that is why the events only work once and why adding _bindTabEvents into render works, because you are re-attaching the events each time.
when this line executes : this.tabContainer.html(""); poof... no more tabs and no more tab events.

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