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Problem viewing a div with a simple function

I have a problem I would say stupid with html and javascript, a simple function that should make me visible and invisible a div crashes the html making it empty!
<button onclick="open()">Modifica</button>
js:
var x = document.getElementById ("joseph");
if (x.hidden == false) {
x.hidden = true;
} else {
x.hidden = false;
}
before:
after:

You don't have to write pre-defined methods. It works same for all other tech stacks such as Mysql, PHP, etc.
Recommend using opens, not open if you insist to use the open word.
<button onclick="opens()">Modifica</button>

You've hit a variation of this problem.
When searching for a variable named open the browser finds document.open before it finds your open function.
document.open opens a new document for writing (with document.write) which erases the existing document.
window.open is also predefined, so making a new global function with that name is not advised.
As with the linked question: Use addEventListener instead of onclick attributes.

How can i improve my personnal jQuery Dialog plugin

I've been coding my own dialog system for exercising and to be able to customize it as i want. Here is what i've done.
$(function(){
$.fn.window = function(attr){
var $self = this;
if(!attr)
attr = {};
$.extend({
autoOpen:false
}, attr);
/**
* Create the window by updating the current jQuery block
* And adding the required classes
*/
this.create= function(){
// Already created
if($self.hasClass('window-window'))
return;
$self.addClass('window-window');
// Creating the header and appending the title
var $windowHeader = $('<div class="window-header"></div>');
var $title = $self.attr('title');
$windowHeader.html($title);
$windowHeader.append('<div class="loading-item loading-item-footer round-loading25" ' +
'data-loading-item="window" style="display:none"></div>');
// Wrapping content in a window-content class
// So the window has the proper format
$self.children().wrapAll('<div class="window-content"></div>');
$self.prepend($windowHeader);
};
/**
* Open the window in a blackish div
* With the events to close it
*/
this.open = function(){
// Creating the background
var $backgroundDiv = $('<div></div>');
$backgroundDiv.addClass('window-background');
// Making it take the size of the page
$backgroundDiv.height($(window).height());
$backgroundDiv.width($(window).width());
$self.detach().appendTo($backgroundDiv);
// The window is hidden by default, showing it
$self.show();
$('html').prepend($backgroundDiv);
// Handling closing the window
$backgroundDiv.click(function(e){
var $target = $(e.target);
if(!$target.hasClass('window-background'))
return;
$self.hide();
$self.detach().appendTo('html');
$backgroundDiv.remove();
});
};
this.create();
if(attr.autoOpen){
this.open();
}
};
});
For now i have doubt about the fact that i'm putting the window out of his native block, in the end of the html document. I wish to put it back to his position but i have no idea yet how to do it. Any idea ?

First of all, you create a jQuery function, but you do it on document.ready $(...). You should just create it, otherwise the function will not be available for other code until document has loaded.
Then you want to insert the window in the same place as the original element, for that you have insertBefore and insertAfter in jQuery. You use prepend, but that inserts it as the first element of $self.
I would urge you to look at the method chaining of jQuery which may make your code much more readable. Instead of:
// Creating the background
var $backgroundDiv = $('<div></div>');
$backgroundDiv.addClass('window-background');
// Making it take the size of the page
$backgroundDiv.height($(window).height());
$backgroundDiv.width($(window).width());
use
// Creating the background
var $backgroundDiv = $('<div></div>')
.addClass('window-background')
// Making it take the size of the page
.css({
height:$(window).height(),
width:$(window).width()
});
for example.
You also use CSS classes to store information, like if something had been clicked or not. That may be OK, but consider that you may want change the CSS classes and suddenly the functionality of your code is strongly linked to the design. Maybe using .data() instead would be better, even if you add more code to also style your elements.
You use .wrap to take the original content and put it in the window. That may be what you wanted all along, but also take a look at https://api.jquery.com/clone/ which allows you to get the elements without removing them from their original source. Again, only if it works better for you.
As a last advice, use http://jsfiddle.net to share your working code, so other people may not only comment on it, but see it in action as well.

Creating a new window that has a button in JavaScript

Hey Im trying to to learn JavaScript at the moment, and I want to be able to create a button on a page that I created in JavaScript, but it always adds the button to index.html instead. Please note I am running this off of WebStorm IDE and don't have a URL/ dont know what to put for window.open(____) because of that.
It successfully creates a new window saying "Hello", but there is no button.
var myWindow=window.open('');
myWindow.document.write('Hello');
var button=myWindow.document.createElement("newbutton");
button.onclick= function(){
alert("blabla");
};
var buttonParent= myWindow.document.getElementById("buttonParent");
buttonParent.appendChild(button)

It looks as though you're creating a new window called myWindow, and writing the text hello to it. However, the container with the id "buttonParent" does not reside within the new window, but rather the document that index.html is in.
Try this out:
var newDiv = document.createElement("div");
newDiv.id = "newButtonParent" //make sure you pick a unique id
myWindow.document.appendChild(newDiv);
var buttonParent= myWindow.document.getElementById("newButtonParent");
buttonParent.appendChild(button);
Edit: Fixed a typo. From:
var buttonParent= myWindow.document.getElementById("buttonParent");
to
var buttonParent= myWindow.document.getElementById("newButtonParent");

When was the element with the ID buttonParent created? If this is your entire snippet, you'd first need to create that element as well, otherwise .getElementById isn't going to find anything in the new window, meaning .appendChild won't work properly.
The other thing to note is that alert is a property of the window object, so just calling alert('!') will attach the alert the the main window. You need to call it as myWindow.alert('!') to have it fire on the new window.
Also, document.createElement takes a tag name, so if you want default button behaviour it should be
myWindow.document.createElement('button');
Here's a working example. I've set the background of the container element to red so you can see it is there.
DEMO - (Click the run button.)
var w = window.open(''),
button = w.document.createElement('button');
button.innerHTML = 'My Button';
button.addEventListener('click', function () {
w.alert('!');
});
var container = w.document.createElement('div');
container.id = 'buttonParent';
container.style.background = 'red';
w.document.body.appendChild(container);
container.appendChild(button);

style a JavaScript onmouseover alert

This is my code to make the alert appear when i hover over the image;
var special_offers = document.getElementsByClassName("special_offer");
//for each special offer
for(i=0;i<special_offers.length;i++){
var special_offer = special_offers[i];
special_offer.setAttribute("offer_shown", "0");
special_offer.onmouseover = function(){
if( this.getAttribute("offer_shown") == "0" ){
this.setAttribute("offer_shown", "1");
alert('This room has the special offer attached to it, please book soon before you miss out!');
}
}
I wanted to find out how i change this from the bog standard JS alert to a box that i can style, i imagine i'd use some sort of a div.
Any help is much appreciated.

http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2012/10/creating-a-modal-window-with-html5-and-css3/
This is a good resource for creating your own modal window. You can use your function to fire the modal window you created instead of just using alert() to fire up the standard alert.

Do you want to direct your message to a div?
Create the div
<div id="mySpecialOffer">
Some Text gets updated
</div>
In your js you could then target this id and update with what ever message you would like.
document.getElementById("mySpecialOffer").innerHTML = 'some Text';
You could even hide the div in css and then unhide with the JS.
Or you can create the HTML...
document.getElementById("mySpecialOffer").innerHTML = '<div> Special Offer Div Inserted </div>';
This is even easier with jQuery.
Is this what you had in mind?

What you should do is open a whole new window, like a small webpage with that message. That would be the easiest way to go!Here is a link: http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/met_win_open.asp
You will want to have the window.open() activated when people mouseover an image.you can specify the size and positioning of the window, in this case the center of the screen, and a small window.
Hope that helps!

goto HTML document location dynamically

My page adds # to the html programatically and have this in the tag
function InsertTag(){
//Add <a name="spot"></a> to the middle of this document
}
window.addEventListener('load', InsertTag, false);
my question is how can I make the document then jump to #spot?

Here's a suggestion: use id's instead. If you have:
<div id="something">
Then page.html#something will take you straight to that div. It doesn't have to be a div, it can be used on any element. If you can manipulate the DOM to add that anchor, I am pretty sure you'll be able to do this.
Now... To get there, you can use:
// this approach should work with anchors too
window.location.hash = 'something';
// or scroll silently to position
var node = document.getElementById('something');
window.scroll(0, node.offsetTop);
See it in action here: http://ablazex.com/demos/jump.html
There are subtle differences between the methods. Eg: The first one will cause the location on the address bar to be updated, the second one won't.
If you want it to look nicer you can use a jQuery plugin, like ScrollTo.

Try
window.location = currentUrl+'#spot';
where currentUrl is a variable having the address of the current url

You can try this.
var el = document.getElementById('spot');
var eloffsetTop = el.offsetTop;
window.scroll(0,eloffsetTop);