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Assign a array of indexes as an object value

I have an assignment which i need to sole but i am really stuck and can't make a progress. The assignment consist in an array of elements like this
const appleHolderLine = ['Rome', 'Ambrosia', 'Rome', 'RedDelicious', 'Akane','RedDelicious', 'SweeTango', 'RedDelicious', 'RedDelicious', 'Opal', 'Winesap', 'RedDelicious', 'Empire', 'RedDelicious', 'Liberty'];
Firstly it is needed to declare a variable lineCount which count for every element of the array and a reference to an object called appleMap.
Than the challenge consist in looping through the array and the elements of the array would be the object keys with no duplicates and the values would be an array of idexes of the specific element place of the array. To give an example how it should look like:
Example:
const appleHolderLine = ['GreenApples', 'RedDelicious','OrangeApples', 'PurpleApples', 'RedDelicious']
console.log (lineCount, appleMap)
Should Log:
5, {'GreenApples':[0], 'RedDelicious': [1,4], 'OrangeApples':[2], 'PurpleApples': [3]}
My progress so far
var lineCount = 0;
var appleMap = {};
for (let i = 0; i < appleHolderLine.length; i++){
lineCount++;
// if element in the array exist in the array
appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]] = [i];
}
Could you give me a hint of how to solve this, i am really stuck.

Basically you can create an empty array the first time and keep pushing like below
var lineCount = 0;
var appleMap = {};
for (let i = 0; i < appleHolderLine.length; i++){
lineCount++;
if(!appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]])
appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]] = []
appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]].push(i);
}
You could use Array.prototype.reduce which is a more advanced construct javascript provides. Please refer to answer by CodeManiac below for the same.
The above answer is to clarify the basic idea and hint on how you could think
Also, lineCount can be obtained by using appleHolderLine.length directly.

You don't need an extra variable ( Line count ) here, simply loop over the value use, use the index to access value, check if there's nothing present for that key then just initialize it with empty array, push index to the key in each iteration
const appleHolderLine = ['GreenApples', 'RedDelicious','OrangeApples', 'PurpleApples', 'RedDelicious']
var appleMap = {};
for (let i = 0; i < appleHolderLine.length; i++){
if(!appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]]){
appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]] = []
}
appleMap[appleHolderLine[i]].push(i);
}
console.log(appleMap)
You can simply use reduce
const appleHolderLine = ['GreenApples', 'RedDelicious','OrangeApples', 'PurpleApples', 'RedDelicious']
let final = appleHolderLine.reduce((op,inp,i)=>{
op[inp] = op[inp] || []
op[inp].push(i)
return op
},{})
console.log(final)
Line count is simply same as length of array, let lineCount = appleHolderLine.length

I suppose, the shortest answer is the functional one.
const appleHolderLine = ['GreenApples', 'RedDelicious','OrangeApples', 'PurpleApples', 'RedDelicious']
result = appleHolderLine.reduce((a,c,i) => { if(a[c]) a[c].push(i); else a[c]=[i]; return a; }, {})
console.log(result)
But I am not sure that you are expected to deliver a functional solution. Still, you might find it useful. The idea is that the reduce method starts with an empty object and iterates through the array. In each iteration, it checks if the current element c is already a field of the accumulator a. If so adds its index i to the specific field, if not, initializes the field with the current element as name and the index as a single-element array as value.

How to sum elements of two multidimensional arrays?

I have 2 multidimensional arrays:
[[230.0], [10.0], [12.0]]
[[50.0], [60.0], [89.0]]
And am trying to sum each element together and keep the same array structure. So it should look like:
[[280.0], [70.0], [101.0]]
I tried this:
var sum = array1.map(function (num, index) {
return num + array2[index];
});
But I get this:
[23050, 1060, 1289]
Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.

The code, you use, takes only a single level, without respecting nested arrays. By taking na array with only one element without an index of the inner array and using an operator, like +, the prototype function toString is invoced and a joined string (the single element as string, without , as separator) is returned and added. The result is a string , not the result of a numerical operation with +.
You could take a recursive approach and check if the value is an array, then call the function again with the nested element.
function sum(a, b) {
return a.map((v, i) => Array.isArray(v) ? sum(v, b[i]) : v + b[i]);
}
console.log(sum([[230], [10], [12]], [[50], [60], [89]]))

Make it like this
var sum = array1.map(function (num, index) {
return parseInt(num) + parseInt(array2[index]);
});
You should have to make parseInt or parseFloat so it can convert string with them

STEPS
Iterate through every number in the array (array length).
Sum the objects of the same index in both of the arrays.
Push the sum into another array for the result. Use parseFloat if the input is string.
(Optional) use .toFixed(1) to set decimal place to have 1 digit.
const arr1 = [[230.0], [10.0], [12.0]]
const arr2 = [[50.0], [60.0], [89.0]]
let sum = []
for (let i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++){ // Assume arr1 and arr2 have the same size
let eachSum = parseFloat(arr1[i]) + parseFloat(arr2[i])
sum.push([eachSum.toFixed(1)])
}
console.log(sum)

You are trying to add two arrays structures inside the map function.
so one solution so you can see what is happening is this...
array1.map((a,i) => a[0] + array2[i][0])
screenshot from the console...

Inside map fn you should:
return parseInt(num) + parseInt(array2[index]);
This is happening because when you are trying to add them, these variable are arrays and not integers. So they are evaluated as strings and concatenated.

What does it mean to use the reduce method in Javascript?

I'm doing the Free Code Camp series of tutorials and I got the answer right but don't understand a few things ...
Exercise:
Use the reduce method to sum all the values in array and assign it to singleVal.
singleVal should be equal to the sum of all items in the array variable.
You should have made use of the reduce method.
var array = [4,5,6,7,8];
var singleVal = 0;
singleVal = array.reduce(function(previousVal,currentVal){
return previousVal + currentVal;
},0);
I got the answer right by following the example basically.. but I can't understand why there is a comma zero at the end - like what is the point of it?

The comma zero at the end denotes the initial value.
The syntax of reduce is array.reduce(function(total, currentValue, currentIndex, arr), initialValue). Mentioning initialValue is Optional. A value to be passed to the function as the initial value.
Consider the following example:
var array = [4,5,6,7,8];
var singleVal = 0;
//reduce function takes 5 as the initial value then sums up the values of
//the array.
singleVal = array.reduce(function(previousVal,currentVal){
return previousVal + currentVal;
},5); //5 is passed to the function as the initial value.
console.log(singleVal) //35

Learning While Loops. Can't figure out what I am missing in my code.

Write a function called indexToString. This function should:
1. Take an array as an argument
2. Create and return a new array of all passed array elements as strings
3. Each strings should be formatted like so: “[index] is [element at index]”
This is the error I am getting: returns an array of passed-in array elements as strings with element index specified
expected undefined to deeply equal [ '0 is 1', '1 is 2', '2 is 3' ]
Here is my code:
var indexToString = function(array){
index = 0;
elementAtIndex = 0;
var i = 0;
while(i < array.length){
console.log(index + " is " + elementAtIndex);
i++
}
return array[i];
};

Two Three errors.
Firstly, the while loop will exit when i is no longer less than array.length; the first such number is array.length. This means, at the end of the loop, array[i] is array[array.length], which is just outside the array, thus undefined.
Secondly, you are supposed to return an array of strings, as told by your test failure message; not print them to the console.
EDIT: Thirdly, what Spencer said. :) Use i instead of index, and array[i] instead of elementAtIndex.
You want to start with an empty array outside the loop, and push each string you construct into it; then return that array after the loop.
Or you can do it with "new" JavaScript:
var indexToString = array => array.map((e, i) => `${i} is ${e}`)

You should reflect a bit more on your code, it is quite nonsense so far.
Let's decompose the question to identify what should be done:
Write a function called indexToString. This function should:
Take an array as an argument
Create and return a new array of all passed array elements as strings
Each strings should be formatted like so: “[index] is [element at index]”
So:
you create a function called indexToString which body contains the code, as you did.
In the initialization part before your while, you should create a new empty array that is going to be filled, and declare an integer called index for example initialized at 0 that is going to be used to loop through the original array. (Tip: var new_array = []; to create, and use new_array.push(elem); to append an element)
in your while, you should push at the end of your new array a string built as follow: "["+index+"] is ["+array[index]+"]" AND you should increment your index. You loop while(index < array.length).
At the end, you can return the new array !
Good luck with learning programming!

If the arraylenth is 10, the function will return array[10].This is an array-bound.

When you enter the last loop, the i becomes equal to array.length, so array[i] is undefined after this. But probably this is not what you wanted. you want to return the full array.
var indexToString = function(array){
var new_array = [];
var i = 0;
while(i < array.length){
new_array[i] = i + " is " + array[i];
i++;
}
return new_array;
};
console.log(indexToString([1,2,3]));

JavaScript Array

I usually script/program using python but have recently begun programming with JavaScript and have run into some problems while working with arrays.
In python, when I create an array and use for x in y I get this:
myarray = [5,4,3,2,1]
for x in myarray:
print x
and I get the expected output of:
5
4
3
..n
But my problem is that when using Javascript I get a different and completely unexpected (to me) result:
var world = [5,4,3,2,1]
for (var num in world) {
alert(num);
}
and I get the result:
0
1
2
..n
How can I get JavaScript to output num as the value in the array like python and why is this happening?

JavaScript and Python are different, and you do things in different ways between them.
In JavaScript, you really should (almost) always iterate over an array with a numeric index:
for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i)
alert(array[i]);
The "for ... in" construct in JavaScript gives you the keys of the object, not the values. It's tricky to use on an array because it operates on the array as an object, treating it no differently than any other sort of object. Thus, if the array object has additional properties — which is completely "legal" and not uncommon — your loop will pick those up in addition to the indexes of the "normal" array contents.

The variable num contains the array item's index, not the value. So you'd want:
alert(world[num])
to retrieve the value

The for var in... loop in JavaScript puts the keys in the variable instead of the actual value. So when using for var ... you should do something like this:
var world = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1];
for ( var key in world ) {
var value = world[key];
alert(key + " = " + value);
}
And note that this way of looping is best used when you're using objects instead of arrays. For arrays use the common:
for ( var i = 0, j = arr.length; i < j; i++ ) { ... }
Or if you're targeting modern browser you can use the forEach-method of arrays:
var arr = [1, 2, 3];
arr.forEach(function(num) {
alert(num);
});

The for...in loop loops over all key elements; not the values.
I would recommend you to use
for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
alert(arr[i]);
}

When you use the in operator num becomes a key. So simply use this key to get a value out of the array.
var world = [5,4,3,2,1]
for (var num in world) {
alert(world[num]);
}

try this.
var world = [5,4,3,2,1]
for(var i=0;i<world.length;i++){
alert(world[i])
}
Because javascript in your case is printing the index of the element, not the value.

the result you got is just element index,if you want to get element value
your code should like this
var world = [5,4,3,2,1]
for (var num in world) {
alert(world[num]);
}

The for in iteration in JavaScript works only for the object data type. The way it works is that it lets you iterate over the attributes of an object. arrays are objects in JavaScript, but the for in only works on its attributes, not the array values.
For example you might define an array as such:
var arr = [1,2,3];
And you can assign attributes to this array, because it's actually an object:
arr.foo = "bar";
arr["1"] = 2;
Now when you use the for in iteration method you will be able to iterate over the attributes we just assigned above;
for(var i in arr) console.log(i);
To iterate over the actual array values you need to use the for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++) construct.
Hope this helps.

In javascript it's advised to loop Arrays different from looping Objects. You are using an object loop, which may return unexpected result (for instance if the Array.prototype was extended with custom methods you would iterate those too, and it does't guarantee the order of the array is preserved). There are many ways to loop through an array, using it's index:
// regular
var arr = [1,2,3,4,5]
,i
;
for (i=0;i<arr.length;i++) {
console.log(arr[i]);
}
// using while
var arr = [1,2,3,4,5]
,i = 0
;
while ((i = i + 1)<arr.length) {
console.log(arr[i]);
}
// using while reversed
var arr = [1,2,3,4,5]
,i = arr.length
;
while ((i = i - 1) > -1) {
console.log(arr[i]);
}
Note: Why not use i++ or i--? To avoid confusion, index out of range-errors and to satisfy JSLint