Using AJAX call in MVC5 - javascript

I have tried to use AJAX call in an MVC5 project as many similar examples on the web, but every time there is an error i.e. antiforgerytoken, 500, etc. I am looking at a proper AJAX call method with Controller Action method that has all the necessary properties and sending model data from View to Controller Action. Here are the methods I used:
View:
#using (Html.BeginForm("Insert", "Account", FormMethod.Post, new { id = "frmRegister" }))
{
#Html.AntiForgeryToken()
//code omitted for brevity
}
<script>
AddAntiForgeryToken = function (data) {
data.__RequestVerificationToken = $('#__AjaxAntiForgeryForm input[name=__RequestVerificationToken]').val();
return data;
};
$('form').submit(function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
//var formdata = JSON.stringify(#Model); //NOT WORKING???
var formdata = new FormData($('#frmRegister').get(0));
//var token = $('[name=__RequestVerificationToken]').val(); //I also tried to use this instead of "AddAntiForgeryToken" method but I encounter another error
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "/Account/Insert",
data: AddAntiForgeryToken({ model: formdata }),
//data: { data: formdata, __RequestVerificationToken: token },
//contentType: "application/json",
processData: false,
contentType: false,
datatype: "json",
success: function (data) {
$('#result').html(data);
}
});
});
</script>
Controller: Code cannot hit to this Action method due to antiforgerytoken or similar problem.
[HttpPost]
[AllowAnonymous]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public JsonResult Insert(RegisterViewModel model)
{
try
{
//...
//code omitted for brevity
}
}
I just need a proper AJAX and Action methods that can be used for CRUD operations in MVC5. Any help would be appreciated.
UPDATE: Here is some points about which I need to be clarified:
1) We did not use "__RequestVerificationToken" and I am not sure if we send it to the Controller properly (it seems to be as cookie in the Request Headers of Firebug, but I am not sure if it is OK or not). Any idea?
2) Should I use var formdata = new FormData($('#frmRegister').get(0)); when I upload files?
3) Why do I have to avoid using processData and contentType in this scenario?
4) Is the Controller method and error part of the AJAX method are OK? Or is there any missing or extra part there?

If the model in your view is RegisterViewModel and you have generated the form controls correctly using the strongly typed HtmlHelper methods, then using either new FormData($('#frmRegister').get(0)) or $('#frmRegister').serialize() will correctly send the values of all form controls within the <form> tags, including the token, and it is not necessary to add the token again.
If your form does not include a file input, then the code should be
$('form').submit(function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
var formData = $('#frmRegister').serialize();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: '#Url.Action("Insert", "Account")', // do not hard code your url's
data: formData,
datatype: "json", // refer notes below
success: function (data) {
$('#result').html(data);
}
});
});
or more simply
$.post('#Url.Action("Insert", "Account")', $('#frmRegister').serialize(), function(data) {
$('#result').html(data);
});
If you are uploading files, then you need you need to use FormData and the code needs to be (refer also this answer and
$('form').submit(function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
var formData = new FormData($('#frmRegister').get(0));
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: '#Url.Action("Insert", "Account")',
data: formData,
processData: false,
contentType: false,
datatype: "json", // refer notes below
success: function (data) {
$('#result').html(data);
}
});
});
Note that you must set both processData and contentType to false when using jQuery with FormData.
If you getting a 500(Internal Server Error), it almost always means that your controller method is throwing an exception. In your case, I suspect this is because your method is returning a partial view (as suggested by the $('#result').html(data); line of code in you success callback) but you have specified that the return type should be json (your use of the datatype: "json", option). Note that it is not necessary to specify the dataType option (the .ajax() method will work it out if its not specified)
If that is not the cause of the 500(Internal Server Error), then you need to debug your code to determine what is causing the expection. You can use your browser developer tools to assist that process. Open the Network tab, run the function, (the name of the function will be highlighted), click on it, and then inspect the Response. It will include the details of the expection that was thrown.

contentType should be application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Try this code
<script>
$('form').submit(function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
$.ajax({
method: "POST",
url: "/Account/Insert",
data: $(this).serialize(),
contentType:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
success: function (data) {
$('#result').html(data);
},
error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {
console.log(errorThrown);
}
});
});
</script>

Related

Ajax Request: Json Data Not Being Passed to Controller

I'm building a program that searches documents in ASP.NET Core. I'm passing the search data from a text box to the controller through an Ajax request but the controller isn't receiving the string.
I've tried changing how the ajaxData field is defined, adding quotations around 'search' and even turning the whole thing into a string but I can't get it to pass to the controller.
This is the code for the request:
ajaxData = {search: $("#textSearchBox").val()}
console.log(ajaxData);
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: "#Url.Action("GetDocuments", "DocumentSearchApi")",
data: ajaxData,
dataType: "json",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
error: function (e) {
//Error Function
},
success: function (jsonData) {
//Success Function
},
fail: function (data) {
//Fail Function
}
});
And this is the top of the Controller's GetDocuments function:
[Route("GetDocuments")]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetDocuments(string search)
{
No error messages anywhere. The Console shows an Object that contains 'search: "Test"' but when I hit the breakpoint in GetDocuments 'search' is null.
I think is more elegant way to use GET in this case then you should change your code to
var ajaxData = $("#textSearchBox").val();
url: "#Url.Action("GetDocuments", "DocumentSearchApi")"?search=ajaxData
and remove data: ajaxData
Because you want to get something from the search. Using the post is when you want to modify the data from API
you need use JSON.stringify() when sending data to a web server, the data has to be a string not a object
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: "#Url.Action("GetDocuments", "DocumentSearchApi")",
data: JSON.stringify(ajaxData),
dataType: "json",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
error: function (e) {
//Error Function
},
success: function (jsonData) {
//Success Function
},
fail: function (data) {
//Fail Function
}
});

How do I pass parameter data to a controller in mvc from an Kendo Grid event?

I want to pass a lot of parameters from my ajax function to my controller. Initially, I thought I would just do this using a query string but that wasn't giving me the result I wanted, although it worked it was creating an unattractive URL the more data I added.
I thought the better approach would be to take all this data I need to pass, store it as an object and pass that payload into the controller from an ajax function.
The ajax function is triggered from the .event() attribute of the KendoGrid.
Kendo Grid
#(Html.Kendo().Grid<MyProject.Models.Car>()
.Name("requirement-grid")
.Columns(columns =>
{
columns.Bound(c => c.Name);
columns.Command(command => command
.Custom("Test").Click("payload"));
})
.DataSource(dataSource => dataSource
.Ajax()
.Read(read => read.Action("GetCars", "cars"))))
As you can see from the above code, there is a custom command that I've used which triggers a function when you click on it. The function is payload and the code is as follows:
payload
function payload(e) {
e.preventDefault();
//Get row data
var dataItem = this.dataItem($(e.currentTarget).closest("tr"));
//Create Object
var obj = {
Name: dataItem.Name,
BHP: dataItem.BHP,
YearOfBuild: dataItem.YearOfBuild
}
//Post via Ajax
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: '/Controller/Method/',
data: JSON.stringify({
array: obj
}),
cache: false,
dataType: "json",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
success: function (data) {
console.log("Success");
},
error: function (ob, errStr) {
console.log(ob.responseText);
}
});
}
I access the data of the row that was clicked on and pass it down via the events parameter, from there I create an object and add the data to it. I then create an ajax call and try to pass it to the controllers.
The controller expects the parameter, the code is as follows but shortened for brevity.
Controller
public ActionResult Create(object[] obj)
{
return View(obj);
}
If I use "POST" in my ajax function I get an error regarding a anti-forgery token which is missing. If I use "GET" the obj parameter is always null.
The required anti-forgery cookie "__RequestVerificationToken" is not present.
Is there a better way to be doing this or is my approach incorrect?
So this should be a relatively simple change to your code. I am assuming you have an anti-forgery token loaded onto the page and the action you are posting to is protected by this. You have two solutions here:
1) Remove the requirement for the token if it isn't needed from the action in your controller
2) Provide the token as part of the data package you are sending back to the server by changing your code from
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: '/Controller/Method/',
data: JSON.stringify({
array: obj
}),
cache: false,
dataType: "json",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
success: function (data) {
console.log("Success");
},
error: function (ob, errStr) {
console.log(ob.responseText);
}
});
to:
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: '/Controller/Method/',
data: {
array: JSON.stringify(obj),
__RequestVerificationToken: $('input[name=__RequestVerificationToken]').val()
},
cache: false,
dataType: "json",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
success: function(data) {
console.log("Success");
},
error: function(ob, errStr) {
console.log(ob.responseText);
}
});
Notice I have just added a reference to the anti-forgery token as part of the data package for you and this should be read by the controller and allow the command to complete successfully for you if you have the token on the page. if not then just add the #Html.AntiForgeryToken() to the view and you should be fine.

Ajax: conflict in client between two functions

For a university homework, I have to create a little e-commerce website.
After the login, the user is redirected to the homepage. In this homepage, the client will recive a JSON object from the server (containing some product to be loaded) to generate the DOM of the homepage dynamically.
Note: I must use AJAX and JSON
I have this client.js file:
$(document).ready(function() {
// AJAX request on submit
$("#login_form").submit(function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "submit.php",
data: {
Email: document.getElementById('login_email').value, // Email in the form
Password: document.getElementById('login_password').value // // Password in the form
},
cache: false,
success: function(){
window.location.href = "home.php"; // load the home.php page in the default folder
}
});
});
});
$(document).ready(function() {
// AJAX request to open a channel between php and client
function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "queries.php",
dataType: "json",
success: function(data){
var data = JSON.parse(data);
alert(data); // debug
showProducts(data);
});
});
});
});
function showProducts(data){
alert(data);
// Insert object into the page DOM
}
I don't know why, but I can't access after the login if the second Ajax request (the AJAX request to open a channel between php and client) is not commented, and I don't know why, because the code seems right... Any suggestion?
after login action you need to set to cookie token in response
success: function(response){
console.log(response)
// then set to cookie response.token
window.location.href = "home.php";
}
after set token to cookie, you need to send this token to next ajax request url: "queries.php",
You need to wrap your anonymous function in parenthesis and add () at the end if you want to execute it:
(function (e) {
// I don't know why you need this:
e.preventDefault();
// etc.
})();
You should also check the contents of that function as you seem to have too many closing parentheses and you don't need to parse the returned value if you set the dataType to json.
In the end I think this is about all you need for that function:
(function () {
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "queries.php",
dataType: "json",
success: function(data){
console.log(data); // debug
showProducts(data);
}
});
})();
or just:
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "queries.php",
dataType: "json",
success: function(data){
console.log(data); // debug
showProducts(data);
}
});
To get it directly on page load.

Is it possible to use conditions within an AJAX call to avoid duplicate code?

For example, I'm currently implementing client side javascript that will use a POST if the additional parameters exceed IE's safety limit of 2048ish charachers for GET HTTP requests, and instead attach the parameters to the body in JSON format. My code looks similar to the following:
var URL = RESOURCE + "?param1=" + param1 + "&param2=" + param2 + "&param3=" + param3();
if(URL.length>=2048) {
// Use POST method to avoid IE GET character limit
URL = RESOURCE;
var dataToSend = {"param3":param3, "param1":param1, "param2":param2};
var jsonDataToSend = JSON.stringify(dataToSend);
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
data: jsonDataToSend,
dataType: 'json',
url: URL,
async: true,
error: function() {
alert("POST error");
},
success: function(data) {
alert("POST success");
}
});
}else{
// Use GET
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
dataType: 'json',
url: URL,
async: true,
error: function() {
alert("GET error");
},
success: function(data) {
alert("GET success");
}
});
}
Is there a way of me avoiding writing out this ajax twice? Something like
if(URL.length>=2048) {
// Use POST instead of get, attach data as JSON to body, don't attach the query parameters to the URL
}
N.b. I'm aware that using POST instead of GET to retrieve data goes against certain principles of REST, but due to IE's limitations, this has been the best work around I have been able to find. Alternate suggestions to handle this situation are also appreciated.
The $.ajax method of jQuery gets an object with properties. So it's quite easy, to frist generate that object and a "standard setting" and modify them based on certain logic and finally pass it to one loc with the ajax call.
Principle:
var myAjaxSettings = {
type: "POST",
data: jsonDataToSend,
dataType: 'json',
url: URL,
async: true,
error: function() {
alert("POST error");
},
success: function(data) {
alert("POST success");
}
}
if ( <condition a> )
myAjaxSettings.type = "GET";
if ( <condition b> )
myAjaxSettings.success = function (data) { ...make something different ... };
$.ajax(myAjaxSettings);

Data from the Form Submit vs Data from Ajax

I'm trying to implement reCAPTCHA in my MVC site, but it doesn't Validate unless I submit it from a form, like this:
#using(Html.BeginForm("VerifyCaptcha", "Signup") )
{
#ReCaptcha.GetHtml(theme: "clean", publicKey: "6LcnfAITAAAAAAY--6GMhuWeemHF-rwdiYdWvO-9");
<input type="submit" id="btnVerify" value="Verify" />
}
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Index(PolicyModel model)
{
var result = ReCaptcha.Validate(privateKey: "THE_KEY");
return View();
}
I don't want to use form submission because I don't want to return a new view. All my data is being pushed around with ajax in json form. What I'd like to do is:
$.ajax({
url: 'verifyCaptcha',
dataType: 'json',
contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
type: "POST",
async: false,
success: function (response) {
alert(response);
},
error: function(response) {
alert('There was a problem verifying your captcha. Please try again.');
}
});
return valid;
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult VerifyCaptcha()
{
var result = ReCaptcha.Validate(privateKey: "THE_KEY");
return Json(result);
}
The ajax call gets to the controller, but the Validation method completes immediately, almost as if it doesn't even get to making the request. I'm not sure why the validation always fails if the captcha isn't in a form - is it perhaps losing information like it's public key or something? Is there a workaround to this?
Edit: Added the ajax controller action method without model.
Just use serializeArray() or serialize() and change your ajax request to
$.ajax({
url: 'verifyCaptcha',
dataType: 'json',
contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
type: "POST",
async: false,
data: $('form').serializeArray(), // $('form').serialize(),
success: function (response) {
alert(response);
}
});
You haven't added the data part in your request. That seems to be the problem
You need to set the Ajax Request with all parameters for a form request. For example the content-type as application/x-www-form-urlencoded.
Look at this: application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data?
UPDATE:
...and yes ...you must do a POST request, and not a GET.
UPDATE:
$.ajax({
url: 'verifyCaptcha',
contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
type: "POST",
success: function (response) {
alert(response);
},
error: function(response) {
alert('ERROR', response);
}
});

Categories