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How to obtain text of a <td> element from another <td> element with jquery

I am trying to use a button inside a table division to set a variable as the same value as another division in the same row, but whenever I run my code (below), it returns the value of all the table divisions concatenated together. I am unsure why this was happening, so I replaced '.children()' with 'childnodes[0]' to try and get only the first name, but this just doesn't work and I don't why.
My html looks like this:
<table>
<tr>
<td>John</td>
<td>Doe</td>
<td><button>Get First Name</button></td>
</tr>
</table>
And my Javascript is this:
$(document).ready(function(){
$("button").click(function(){
var first = $(this).closest("tr").childNodes[0].text();
alert(first)
})
});

set a variable as the same value as another division in the same row
there are lots of possibilities for this, here are some (with the most useful first (opinion based))
$("button").click(function() {
var first = $(this).closest("tr").find("td:first").text();
var first = $(this).closest("tr").find("td").first().text();
var first = $(this).closest("tr").find("td").eq(0).text();
var first = $(this).closest("tr").children().first().text();
var first = $(this).closest("tr").children().eq(0).text();
var first = $(this).closest("td").siblings().first().text();
});
it returns the value of all the table cells concatenated together
https://api.jquery.com/text
Get the combined text contents of each element in the set of matched elements, including their descendants, or set the text contents of the matched elements.
because you're passing the "tr" to text() it gets the text of all the cells (tds) and their content etc and combines them as one, so you need to limit to the first as you've attempted.
however .childNodes[0] can only be applied to a DOM element/node, while $(this).closest("tr") gives you a jquery object/collection, which doesn't have .childNodes property.
So the jquery equivalent would be to use .children().eq(0).

You could use class identifiers to get information you need as well.
<table>
<tr>
<td><span class="first-name">John</span></td>
<td><span class="last-name">Doe</span></td>
<td>
<button class="btn-get-data" data-class="first-name">Get First Name</button>
<button class="btn-get-data" data-class="last-name">Get Last Name</button>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
$(document).ready(function() {
$(".btn-get-data").click(function() {
$btn = $(this);
$tr = $btn.closest('tr');
var first = $tr.find('.' + $btn.attr('data-class')).html();
alert(first);
})
});
If you make the button click generic like so, you can add additional buttons on the page and use that to get the class within that row.
Here is a working fiddle example: https://jsfiddle.net/b1r0nucq/

you could find the :first child and get his html(), as below:
$(document).ready(function() {
$("button").click(function() {
var first = $(this).closest("tr").children(":first").html();
alert(first)
})
});
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<table>
<tr>
<td>John</td>
<td>Doe</td>
<td><button>Get First Name</button></td>
</tr>
</table>

Create row in html table which does not have id and class

I would like to create one additional row in HTML Table which is very common and can be done if we have id or class available of that table.
But in my case I have one page which contains many forms and tables.
But in all those I have one form which contains only one element i.e table and I would like to create one more row and move few columns from 1st row to newly created row.
For this I have created simple HTML page.Please find below code and help me to achieve my output.
<h:form id="myForm">
<table>
<tr>
<td id="col1">Item Info</td>
<td id="col2">Description</td>
<td id="col3">Product</td>
<td id="col4">Keywords</td>
<td id="col5">Documents</td>
<td id="col6">Image</td>
<td id="col7">Video</td>
</tr>
</table>
</h:form>
Here Ia m getting output like
Item Info Description Product Keywords Documents Image Video
But I want to achieve something like below:
Item Info Description Product Keywords
NEW CELL1 Documents Image Video
means I would like to remove few columns from existing row and I would like to add it in newly created row.
For this I have written Javascript like:
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function() {
split();
};
function split() {
var form = document.getElementById("myForm");
var table = form.elements[0];
var tr = document.createElement("tr");
tr.id="row2";
table.appendChild(tr);
var cell = tr.insertCell(0);
cell.innerHTML = "NEW CELL1";
var col5 = document.getElementById("col5");
tr.appendChild(col5);
var col6 = document.getElementById("col6");
tr.appendChild(col6);
var col7 = document.getElementById("col7");
tr.appendChild(col7);
}
</script>
Here, My problem is this entire form will be generated automatically so I can't give the Id for the table and with this script it is not identifying my table when I am giving form.elemets[0];
I want to find table element so that I can create row in that table.

You can find the table by doing this:
Get one of the elements in a table row, and get the parent node until you've got the table. In this case you could do document.getElementById('col1').parentNode.parentNode
And just to ease things,
You can insert this string '</tr><tr>' in a row, after a table cell, to easily create a new row.
This should be better than document.getElementsByTagName('table'), because if you have lots of tables which are far away, it will take more time to find your table's index in that array.

Use getElementsByTagName to get the table from within your form, which has an ID
window.onload = function() {
split();
};
function split() {
var form = document.getElementById("myForm");
var table = form.getElementsByTagName("table")[0];
var tr = document.createElement("tr");
tr.id = "row2";
table.appendChild(tr);
var cell = tr.insertCell(0);
cell.innerHTML = "NEW CELL1";
/*Your original code produces duplicate IDs which is a BAD thing*/
var col5 = document.getElementById("col5");
/*Update new Id*/
col5.id += "_new";
tr.appendChild(col5);
var col6 = document.getElementById("col6");
/*Update new Id*/
col6.id += "_new";
tr.appendChild(col6);
var col7 = document.getElementById("col7");
/*Update new Id*/
col7.id += "_new";
tr.appendChild(col7);
}
<form id="myForm">
<table>
<tr>
<td id="col1">Item Info</td>
<td id="col2">Description</td>
<td id="col3">Product</td>
<td id="col4">Keywords</td>
<td id="col5">Documents</td>
<td id="col6">Image</td>
<td id="col7">Video</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
You also have a mismatch of column numbers, with the code provided you originally have 7 columns and only insert 4, this will produce inconsistent results, make sure to use the colspan attribute as needed.

You should be able to use JavaScript's querySelector method to select the table data you want to remove from the document.
Something like var rowToDeleteOrAddTo = document.querySelector("#myForm > table > tr > td"); should help you get there. You'll need to lookup CSS Selectors to get the specific selectors you need. You may need to use the textContent property once you have a node to make sure you are deleting the right one.

How to get html td cell value by Javascript

I am trying to get the information from my table td's, using javascript. How can i achieve this? I have tried and failed, because i do not exactly understand the JS. So far, i have managed to get one of them to work, which is 'id' but thats just getting info from the db directly, the td values ive been unable to.
echoing the vals in my php update page shows the id val being passed successfully, but none others.

EDIT
Per your last comment I can recommend you use an event listener on all <td> tags and this way you can just get the relevant text of the specific <td> that the user clicked:
var tds = document.querySelectorAll('td');
for (var i = 0; i < tds.length; i++) {
var td = tds[i];
td.addEventListener('click', function(){
console.log(this.innerText)
});
}
<table>
<tr>
<td class="awb">I am the first awb</td>
<td class="awb">I am the second awb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="differentClass">I am the first differentClass</td>
<td class="differentClass">I am the second differentClass</td>
</tr>
</table>
You are approaching this all wrong...
Instead of this:
var awbno = String(tr.querySelector(".awb").innerHTML);
Do this:
var awbno = document.querySelector(".awb").innerHTML;
Here is a snippet:
var awbno = document.querySelector(".awb").innerHTML;
console.log(awbno);
<table>
<tr>
<td class="awb">Test Text inside a td tag</td>
</tr>
</table>

in order to get the contents of any element using class
let value = document.querySelector('.className').innerHTML;
in order to get the contents of a specific TD
let value = document.querySelector('td.className');

Getting the value of TD in a foreach loop

I have this code which show me the list of my item
<tbody class="table-color2">
<c:forEach var="defect" items="${defectList}">
<tr>
<td id="defectId"><a onclick="getDefectId()">${defect.id}</a></td>
<td>${defect.createdDate}</td>
<td>${defect.reportedBy.firstName}</td>
<td>${defect.title}</td>
<td>${defect.bugtype.description}</td>
<td>${defect.status.description}</td>
<td>${defect.priority.description}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
what Im trying to do is to get the value of the td id="defectId" when it is clicked, my jquery script for the onclick is this :
function getDefectId(){
var defectId = $(' #defectId ').val();
alert("Defect ID " + defectId);
}
but currently, I'm getting a value of undefined, how do I get the value?

You have several issues. Firstly you're appending the same id in a loop, which will result in duplicates which is invalid. Also, a elements don't have a value to retrieve so you need to use text(). Finally note that using your current method would mean that you need to pass the this reference of the clicked element to the function.
However you can tidy all that up by using classes and hooking up the event in JS. Try this:
<tbody class="table-color2">
<c:forEach var="defect" items="${defectList}">
<tr>
<td class="defect">${defect.id}</td>
<td>${defect.createdDate}</td>
<td>${defect.reportedBy.firstName}</td>
<td>${defect.title}</td>
<td>${defect.bugtype.description}</td>
<td>${defect.status.description}</td>
<td>${defect.priority.description}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
$(function() {
$('.defect a').click(function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
console.log($(this).text());
});
});
Working example

You can do the following(remember that id needs to be unique):
<td class="defectId"><a onclick="getDefectId(${defect.id})">${defect.id}</a></td>
And in you function:
function getDefectId(value){
alert("Defect ID " + value);
}

Try this : use text() instead of val() because you want to know the text inside td and not the value of input element.
EDIT: - Sorry, missed that there are multiple td's. In this case, you must not use same id for all tds. Just make it class and do following changes in function.
function getDefectId(){
var defectId = $('.defectId').text();
alert("Defect ID" + defectId);
}
I would suggest to use jQuery event handler instead of calling javascript function. See below code
HTML: remove onclick call
<td class="defectId">${defect.id}</td>
jQuery : register a click handler and read text
$(function(){
$('.defectId a').click(function(){
var defectId = $(this).text();
alert(defectId);
});
});

JQuery loop through table get ID and change values in a specific column

I have a page with 2-3 tables. In those tables I want to change the text of a specific column located in <thead> and also a value in each <td> line, and I would like to get the id from each line.
What is the fastest way to do this, performance-wise?
HTML
Table-Layout:
<table class="ms-viewtable">
<thead id="xxx">
<tr class ="ms-viewheadertr">
<th>
<th>
<tbody>
<tr class="ms-itmHover..." id="2,1,0">
<td>
<td>
<tr class="ms-itmHover..." id="2,2,0">
<td>
<td>
</table>
JavaScript
Script with that I started:
$('.ms-listviewtable').each(function () {
var table = $(this);
$table.find('tr > th').each(function () {
//Code here
});
$table.find('tr > td').each(function () {
//Code here
});
How can I get the Id? Is this there a better way to do what I want?

You can get the id of an element by calling .attr on "id" i.e. $(this).attr("id");.

In jquery the best way to get to any element is by giving it an ID, and referencing it.
I would structure it the other way around - give the table elements meaningful IDs, and then put the information that I'd like to retrieve in their class attributes.
<tr id="ms-itmHover..." class="2,2,0">
And then retrieve it as follows: $('#ms-itmHover...').attr('class');

You can get the IDs by "mapping" from table row to associated ID thus:
var ids = $table.find('tbody > tr').map(function() {
return this.id;
}).get();
You can access individual cells using the .cells property of the table row:
$table.each('tbody > tr', function() {
var cell = this.cells[i]; // where 'i' is desired column number
...
});

Go thru all tables, collect all rows and locate their identifiers by your needs:
$('table.ms-viewtable').each(function(){
$(this).find('tr').each(function(){
var cells = $(this).children(); //all cells (ths or tds)
if (this.parentNode.nodeName == 'THEAD') {
cells.eq(num).html('header row '+this.parentNode.id);
} else { // in "TBODY"
cells.eq(num).html('body row '+this.id);
}
});
});
jsfiddle