How can I write a really super, simple state changing routine? I need something like Redux, but way simpler, don't need all the bells & whistles.
I was thinking of a global object i.e. myState = {}, that is changed via setMyState() / getMyState().
I'm using JavaScript, and wondering if this would be done via a timer that polls say every 10ms, or so.
So in my JavaScript client app (I'm using ReactJS), a call to my getMyState("show-menu") inside a render() would update the Component's state just like using this.state..
The reason I want this is:
1) Wanna know how to write it for learning purposes.
2) Need something simpler that Redux, simple like Meteor's Session vars, so don't have to pass this.Refs. down to child compnents which setState on parent components.
3) Redux is a mouthful, there is still lots to digest and learn to use Redux.
Seems like you could do this pretty simply with a constructor.
function State () {
this._state = {};
...
}
State.prototype.get = function () {
return this._state;
};
State.prototype.set = function (state) {
return this._state = state;
};
var STATE = new State();
But then you have to do the polling you mentioned in your post. Alternatively, you can look at eventEmitter libraries for javascript, for example https://github.com/facebook/emitter, and turn the State object into an event emitter.
Update
Not sure if this is what you're looking for, at all, but it's simpler.
function makeStore () {
var state = { };
return {
set (key, value) { state[key] = value; },
get (key) { return state[key]; }
};
}
const store = makeStore();
store.set("counter", 1);
store.get("counter"); // 1
Believe it or not, there's really not a lot to Redux.
There's, perhaps, a lot to think about, and it's extra work to keep everything untied from your store...
But have a quick look:
function reducer (state, action) {
state = state || { count: 0 };
const direction = (action.type === "INCREASE") ? 1 : (action.type === "DECREASE") ? -1 : 0;
return {
count: (state.count + direction)
};
}
function announceState () {
console.log(store.getState());
}
function updateView () {
const count = store.getState().count;
document.querySelector("#Output").value = count || 0;
}
function increase () {
store.dispatch({ type: "INCREASE" });
}
function decrease () {
store.dispatch({ type: "DECREASE" });
}
const store = createStore(reducer, { count: 0 });
store.subscribe(announceState)
.subscribe(updateView);
document.querySelector("#Increment").onclick = increase;
document.querySelector("#Decrement").onclick = decrease;
updateView();
This is the code I intend to use.
Looking at it, I'm pretty much just creating a store (with a function to run every time there's an event), there's the subscription to have a listener run, after the store has updated, there's a line where I fire an action, and... ...well, that's it.
function createStore (reduce, initialState) {
var state = initialState;
var listeners = [];
function notifyAll () {
listeners.forEach(update => update());
}
function dispatch (event) {
const newState = reduce(state, event);
state = newState;
notifyAll();
return store;
}
function subscribe (listener) {
listeners.push(listener);
return store;
}
function getState () {
return state;
}
const store = {
getState, subscribe, dispatch
};
return store;
}
// THIS IS MY APPLICATION CODE
function reducer (state, action) {
state = state || { count: 0 };
const direction = (action.type === "INCREASE") ? 1 : (action.type === "DECREASE") ? -1 : 0;
return {
count: (state.count + direction)
};
}
function announceState () {
console.log(store.getState());
}
function updateView () {
const count = store.getState().count;
document.querySelector("#Output").value = count || 0;
}
function increase () {
store.dispatch({ type: "INCREASE" });
}
function decrease () {
store.dispatch({ type: "DECREASE" });
}
const store = createStore(reducer, { count: 0 });
store.subscribe(announceState)
.subscribe(updateView);
document.querySelector("#Increment").onclick = increase;
document.querySelector("#Decrement").onclick = decrease;
updateView();
<button id="Decrement">-</button>
<output id="Output"></output>
<button id="Increment">+</button>
The very tiny, very easy implementation of a store (note that the real thing is more complex) is above. dispatch and subscribe are very useful, here.
Related
Delay when updating the board component, my dispatch (checkResult (board)); does not work correctly. Tic-tac-toe game, here's an example of a problem:
set 3 crosses but no victory, but when I do 1 more action (set a cross or zero), then the victory is counted:
My code in:
const mapStateToProps = ({board, players}) => ({board, players});
const mapDispatchToProps = dispatch => ({
draw: (board, players, squareIndex) => {
if (!board[squareIndex]) {
if (players[players.turn] === 'X') {
dispatch(drawXAction(squareIndex));
} else {
dispatch(drawOAction(squareIndex));
}
console.log(dispatch(checkResult(board)))
dispatch(checkResult(board));
dispatch(toggleTurnAction());
}
}
});
export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Square);
And checkResult func:
export function checkResult(board) {
if (checkVictory(board, 'X')) {
return {
type: X_WINS
}
} else if (checkVictory(board, '0')) {
return {
type: O_WINS
}
} else {
const check = board.filter(symbol=>symbol===null);
if(check.length===1) {
return {
type: TIE
}
}else {
return {
type: 'RANDOM'
}
}
}
}
You are passing the current board to the checkResult function, this means when your checkResult function is executing, it is not receiving the latest board -- what you have updated in the one of the previous lines.
One of the redux principle states that - it enable single source of truth. Your code is violating this principle resulting in this inconsistency. What you need to do is - get the latest state of the application in checkResult function rather than passing the board as argument.
e.g.
import store from "/path/to/store";
export function checkResult() {
// or something like this
// based on what you have in your store.
const board = store.getState().board;
// your function body
}
I've created a custom hook within my React app, but for some reason when I update the internal state via an event listener, it causes an infinite loop to be triggered (when it shouldn't). Here's my code:
// Note that this isn't a React component - just a regular JavaScript class.
class Player{
static #audio = new Audio();
static #listenersStarted = false;
static #listenerCallbacks = {
playing: [],
paused: [],
loaded: []
};
static mount(){
const loaded = () => {
this.removeListenerCallback("loaded", loaded);
};
this.addListenerCallback("loaded", loaded);
}
// This method is called on the initialization of the React
// app and is only called once. It's only purpose is to ensure
// that all of the listeners and their callbacks get fired.
static startListeners(){
const eventShorthands = {
playing: "play playing",
paused: "pause ended",
loaded: "loadedmetadata"
};
Object.keys(eventShorthands).forEach(key => {
const actualEvents = eventShorthands[key];
actualEvents.split(" ").forEach(actualEvent => {
this.#audio.addEventListener(actualEvent, e => {
const callbacks = this.#listenerCallbacks[key];
callbacks.forEach(callback => {
callback(e)
});
});
});
});
}
static addListenerCallback(event, callback){
const callbacks = this.#listenerCallbacks;
if(callbacks.hasOwnProperty(event)){
// Remember this console log
console.log(true);
this.#listenerCallbacks[event].push(callback);
}
}
static removeListenerCallback(event, callback){
const listenerCallbacks = this.#listenerCallbacks;
if(listenerCallbacks.hasOwnProperty(event)){
const index = listenerCallbacks[event].indexOf(callback);
this.#listenerCallbacks[event].splice(index, 1);
}
}
}
const usePlayer = (slug) => {
// State setup
const [state, setState] = useReducer(
(state, newState) => ({ ...state, ...newState }), {
mounted: false,
animationRunning: false,
allowNextFrame: false
}
);
const _handleLoadedMetadata = () => {
// If I remove this _stopAnimation, the console log mentioned
// in the player class only logs true to the console 5 times.
// Whereas if I keep it, it will log true infinitely.
_stopAnimation();
};
const _stopAnimation = () => {
setState({
allowNextFrame: false,
animationRunning: false
});
}
useEffect(() => {
Player.addListenerCallback("loaded", _handleLoadedMetadata);
return () => {
Player.removeListenerCallback("loaded", _handleLoadedMetadata);
};
}, []);
return {
mounted: state.mounted
};
};
This makes me think that the component keeps on re-rendering and calling Player.addListenerCallback(), but the strange thing is, if I put a console.log(true) within the useEffect() at the end, it'll only output it twice.
All help is appreciated, cheers.
When you're hooking (pun unintended) up inner functions in React components (or hooks) to external event handlers, you'll want to be mindful of the fact that the inner function's identity changes on every render unless you use useCallback() (which is a specialization of useMemo) to guide React to keep a reference to it between renders.
Here's a small simplification/refactoring of your code that seems to work with no infinite loops.
instead of a class with only static members, Player is a regular class of which there is an app-wide singletonesque instance.
instead of hooking up separate event listeners for each event, the often-overlooked handleEvent protocol for addEventListener is used
the hook event listener callback is now properly useCallbacked.
the hook event listener callback is responsible for looking at the event.type field to figure out what's happening.
the useEffect now properly has the ref to the callback it registers/unregisters, so if the identity of the callback does change, it gets properly re-registered.
I wasn't sure what the state in your hook was used for, so it's not here (but I'd recommend three separate state atoms instead of (ab)using useDispatch for an object state if possible).
The same code is here in a Codesandbox (with a base64-encoded example mp3 that I didn't care to add here for brevity).
const SMALL_MP3 = "https://...";
class Player {
#audio = new Audio();
#eventListeners = [];
constructor() {
["play", "playing", "pause", "ended", "loadedmetadata", "canplay"].forEach((event) => {
this.#audio.addEventListener(event, this);
});
}
play(src) {
if (!this.#audio.parentNode) {
document.body.appendChild(this.#audio);
}
this.#audio.src = src;
}
handleEvent = (event) => {
this.#eventListeners.forEach((listener) => listener(event));
};
addListenerCallback(callback) {
this.#eventListeners.push(callback);
}
removeListenerCallback(callback) {
this.#eventListeners = this.#eventListeners.filter((c) => c !== callback);
}
}
const player = new Player();
const usePlayer = (slug) => {
const eventHandler = React.useCallback(
(event) => {
console.log("slug:", slug, "event:", event.type);
},
[slug],
);
React.useEffect(() => {
player.addListenerCallback(eventHandler);
return () => player.removeListenerCallback(eventHandler);
}, [eventHandler]);
};
export default function App() {
usePlayer("floop");
const handlePlay = React.useCallback(() => {
player.play(SMALL_MP3);
}, []);
return (
<div className="App">
<button onClick={handlePlay}>Set player source</button>
</div>
);
}
The output, when one clicks on the button, is
slug: floop event: loadedmetadata
slug: floop event: canplay
I am trying to get some statistics and problems for a user using a Redux action and pass it to a React component. The problem is, I have the array of objects curPageExercisesMarked, which I use for the pagination of the page, but it does not take the values I assign it to.
The stranger thing is that the other fields in the Redux store get updated, but not this one. I tried consoling the object in the action, but it just prints this:
It is important to mention that I am doing something similar in another action, using the exact same assignment and it works there. I've lost already an hour trying to figure this thing out so any help is welcomed.
The Redux action:
export const setStatistics = (
problems,
problemsSolved,
filter = ''
) => dispatch => {
let payload = {
subject1: 0,
subject2: 0,
subject3: 0,
total: 0,
exercisesMarked: [],
curPageExercisesMarked: []
};
for (let i = 0; i < problems.length; i++) {
if (problems[i].S === '1' && problemsSolved.includes(problems[i]._id)) {
payload.subject1++;
payload.total++;
payload.exercisesMarked.push(problems[i]);
} else if (
problems[i].S === '2' &&
problemsSolved.includes(problems[i]._id)
) {
payload.subject2++;
payload.total++;
payload.exercisesMarked.push(problems[i]);
} else if (
problems[i].S === '3' &&
problemsSolved.includes(problems[i]._id)
) {
payload.subject3++;
payload.total++;
payload.exercisesMarked.push(problems[i]);
}
}
payload.curPageExercisesMarked = payload.exercisesMarked.slice(0, 10);
dispatch({
type: SET_USER_STATISTICS,
payload
});
};
The redux reducer:
export default function(state = initialState, action) {
const { type, payload } = action;
switch (type) {
case SET_USER_STATISTICS:
return {
...state,
exercisesMarked: payload.exercisesMarked,
curPageExercisesMarked: payload.curPageExercisesMarked,
subject1: payload.subject1,
subject2: payload.subject2,
subject3: payload.subject3,
total: payload.total
};
case CHANGE_PAGE_MARKED:
return {
...state,
page: payload,
curPageExercisesMarked: state.exercisesMarked.slice(
(payload - 1) * state.pages_count,
payload * state.pages_count
)
};
default:
return state;
}
}
This is the part that does not function:
payload.curPageExercisesMarked = payload.exercisesMarked.slice(0, 10);
EDIT
I've discovered that if I go a component which loads all the problems and come back to this component, it actually gets the correct value.
Now, the interesting is that I do get the same problems here as well. Is it the way I use React Hook?
This is the part where I call the redux action in the react component:
const Dashboard = ({
problems: { problems },
auth: { user },
getProblems,
dashboard: {
curPageExercisesMarked,
page,
exercisesMarked,
pages_count,
subject1,
subject2,
subject3,
total
},
setStatistics
}) => {
useEffect(() => {
if (problems === null) {
getProblems();
} else if (user !== null) {
setStatistics(problems, user.problemsSolved);
}
}, [problems, user]);
// rest of the code
}
You can first simplify code as below. Update/Print console.log(JSON.stringify(payload)). I think if(problemsSolved.includes(problems[i]._id)) not working as expected
export const setStatistics = (
problems,
problemsSolved,
filter = ""
) => dispatch => {
let payload = {
subject1: 0,
subject2: 0,
subject3: 0,
total: 0,
exercisesMarked: [],
curPageExercisesMarked: []
};
for (let i = 0; i < problems.length; i++) {
if(problemsSolved.includes(problems[i]._id)) {
payload["subject"+ problems[i].S]++
payload.total++;
payload.exercisesMarked.push(problems[i]);
}
}
payload.curPageExercisesMarked = payload.exercisesMarked.slice(0, 10);
dispatch({
type: SET_USER_STATISTICS,
payload
});
};
// Also
case SET_USER_STATISTICS:
return {
...state,
...payload
};
I'm employing the suggestion from #gaearon to setup a listener on my redux store. I'm using this format:
function observeStore(store, select, onChange) {
let currentState;
if (!Function.prototype.isPrototypeOf(select)) {
select = (state) => state;
}
function handleChange() {
let nextState = select(store.getState());
if (nextState !== currentState) {
currentState = nextState;
onChange(currentState);
}
}
let unsubscribe = store.subscribe(handleChange);
handleChange();
return unsubscribe;
}
I'm using this in an onEnter handler for a react-router route:
Entity.onEnter = function makeFetchEntity(store) {
return function fetchEntity(nextState, replace, callback) {
const disposeRouteHandler = observeStore(store, null, (state) => {
const conditions = [
isLoaded(state.thing1),
isLoaded(state.thing2),
isLoaded(state.thing3),
];
if (conditions.every((test) => !!test) {
callback(); // allow react-router to complete routing
// I'm done: how do I dispose the store subscription???
}
});
store.dispatch(
entities.getOrCreate({
entitiesState: store.getState().entities,
nextState,
})
);
};
};
Basically this helps gate the progression of the router while actions are finishing dispatching (async).
My problem is that I can't figure out where to call disposeRouteHandler(). If I call it right after the definition, my onChange function never gets a chance to do it's thing, and I can't put it inside the onChange function because it's not defined yet.
Appears to me to be a chicken-egg problem. Would really appreciate any help/guidance/insight.
How about:
Entity.onEnter = function makeFetchEntity(store) {
return function fetchEntity(nextState, replace, callback) {
let shouldDispose = false;
const disposeRouteHandler = observeStore(store, null, (state) => {
const conditions = [
isLoaded(state.thing1),
isLoaded(state.thing2),
isLoaded(state.thing3),
];
if (conditions.every((test) => !!test) {
callback(); // allow react-router to complete routing
if (disposeRouteHandler) {
disposeRouteHandler();
} else {
shouldDispose = true;
}
}
});
if (shouldDispose) {
disposeRouteHandler();
}
store.dispatch(
entities.getOrCreate({
entitiesState: store.getState().entities,
nextState,
})
);
};
};
Even though using the observable pattern leads to some buy-in, you can work around any difficulties with normal js code. Alternatively you can modify your observable to suit your needs better.
For instance:
function observeStore(store, select, onChange) {
let currentState, unsubscribe;
if (!Function.prototype.isPrototypeOf(select)) {
select = (state) => state;
}
function handleChange() {
let nextState = select(store.getState());
if (nextState !== currentState) {
currentState = nextState;
onChange(currentState, unsubscribe);
}
}
unsubscribe = store.subscribe(handleChange);
handleChange();
return unsubscribe;
}
and
Entity.onEnter = function makeFetchEntity(store) {
return function fetchEntity(nextState, replace, callback) {
const disposeRouteHandler = observeStore(store, null, (state, disposeRouteHandler) => {
const conditions = [
isLoaded(state.thing1),
isLoaded(state.thing2),
isLoaded(state.thing3),
];
if (conditions.every((test) => !!test) {
callback(); // allow react-router to complete routing
disposeRouteHandler();
}
}
store.dispatch(
entities.getOrCreate({
entitiesState: store.getState().entities,
nextState,
})
);
};
};
It does add a strange argument to onChange but it's just one of many ways to do it.
The core problem is that handleChange gets called synchronously immediately when nothing has changed yet and asynchronously later. It's known as Zalgo.
Inspired by the suggestion from #DDS, I came up with the following alteration to the other pattern mentioned in #gaearon's comment:
export function toObservable(store) {
return {
subscribe({ onNext }) {
let dispose = this.dispose = store.subscribe(() => {
onNext.bind(this)(store.getState())
});
onNext.bind(this)(store.getState());
return { dispose };
},
dispose: function() {},
}
}
This allows me to invoke like:
Entity.onEnter = function makeFetchEntity(store) {
return function fetchEntity(nextState, replace, callback) {
toObservable(store).subscribe({
onNext: function onNext(state) {
const conditions = [/* many conditions */];
if (conditions.every((test) => !!test) {
callback(); // allow react-router to complete routing
this.dispose(); // remove the store subscription
}
},
});
store.dispatch(/* action */);
};
};
The key difference is that I'm passing a regular function in for onNext so as not to interfere with my bind(this) in toObservable; I couldn't figure out how to force the binding to use the context I wanted.
This solution avoids
add[ing] a strange argument to onChange
... and in my opinion also conveys a bit more intent: this.dispose() is called from within onNext, so it kinda reads like onNext.dispose(), which is exactly what I want to do.
I am new in ReactJS and "reactive programming". I tried to create a dispatcher, action and store according to this project, but I don't know how to pass data to component.
In this example it doesn't work.
var data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
var AppDispatcher = Kefir.emitter();
function DataActions() {
this.getAllData = function () {
AppDispatcher.emit({
actionType: "GET_ALL"
});
};
}
var Actions = new DataActions();
var getAllDataActionsStream = AppDispatcher.filter(function (action) {
return action.actionType === "GET_ALL";
}).map(function (action) {
return function (data) {
return data;
};
});
var dataStream = Kefir.merge([getAllDataActionsStream]).scan(function (prevData, modificationFunc) {
return modificationFunc(prevData);
}, {});
var Content = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function() {
this.onDataChange = this.onDataChange.bind(this);
return {componentData: []};
},
componentDidMount: function() {
dataStream.onValue(this.onDataChange);
},
componentWillMount: function(){
dataStream.offValue(this.onDataChange);
console.log(Actions.getAllData());
},
onDataChange(newData) {
this.setState({componentData: newData});
},
render: function() {
console.log(this.state);
var list = this.state.componentData.map(function (item, i) {
return (
<li key={i}>{item}</li>
);
});
return <ul>{list}</ul>;
}
});
React.render(<Content />, document.getElementById('container'));
Before I begin to answer in length I want to answer this part up front:
but I don't know how to pass data to component.
In the example you linked the author passes in the Todos into the main component using React's props, not with an action. So that is the approach I take in my example as well.
Now here is my example. I highly reccommend looking at the example and reading along to what I've written below.
var data = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
// This will now log all events of the AppDispatcher in the console with the prefix 'Kefer: '
var AppDispatcher = Kefir.emitter().log("Kefir: ");
function DataActions() {
// Our application has an action of emitting a random number.
this.emitNumber = function() {
AppDispatcher.emit({
actionType: "EMIT_NUMBER"
})
};
}
var Actions = new DataActions();
var emitNumberActionStream = AppDispatcher
.filter(function(action) {
return action.actionType === "EMIT_NUMBER";
})
.map(function(action) {
console.log("EMIT_NUMBER ACTION OCCURRED!!");
return Math.floor(Math.random() * (10)) + 1;
});
// Only one stream, no need to merge right now.
//var dataStream = Kefir.merge([ getAllDataActionsStream ]);
var Content = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function() {
// Set initial componentData using the data passed into this component's via props
return { componentData: this.props.data };
},
componentDidMount: function() {
// On each emitted value run the this.onDataChange function
emitNumberActionStream.onValue(this.onDataChange);
// Every second emit a number using the Actions we created earlier
setInterval(function() {
Actions.emitNumber();
}, 1000);
},
onDataChange: function(emittedNumber) {
console.log('state on change:', this.state);
// Update the state by appending the emitted number to the current state's componentData
this.setState({ componentData: this.state.componentData.concat([emittedNumber])});
console.log('updated state: ', this.state);
console.log('-----------------');
},
render: function() {
console.log('RENDER AGAIN!');
var list = this.state.componentData.map(function(item, i) {
return (
<li key={i}>{item}</li>
);
});
return <ul>{list}</ul>;
}
})
;
// Pass in initial data using props 'data={data}'
React.render(<Content data={data}/>, document.getElementById('container'));
I modified the example you gave that wasn't working so that it works and makes a little more sense (hopefully).
The Actions and Stores work like this:
Actions:
Request a number be emitted
Stores
Listen for "EMIT_NUMBER" actions and emit a random number
And the actual component runs like this:
It gets the initial 5 numbers passed into the component via props.
Once mounted it begins listening to the store and creates a setInterval that calls the action dispatcher's emitNumber() action. The interval is to show the reactivity at work, you could imagine that there was a button to press that would call emitNumber() instead.
The store observes the action dispatcher emit "EMIT_NUMBER" and emits a number.
The component observes the store emitted a number and updates the component's state.
The component observes that its state has changed and it rerenders.
I believe the issue is that you're using ES6 syntax (which is what the example was written in... notice the Readme). You'll need to either use a transpiler like Babel or convert your method(param => console.log(param)) syntax into normal JS (ie, method(function(param) { console.log(param) });).