I'm writing a document in HTML5 with included SVG (actually ePub3), and I wanted to have a path in the SVG going from one character position in a text element to another. I found a way to do it, but it seems like a particularly awkward way, and I am wondering if anyone has any tips for improving it.
A bit more context: the particular illustration is to demonstrate how multiplication by integer powers of 10 shifts the decimal point around in decimal representations of numbers (particularly for converting between percentages and decimal representations, multiplying or dividing by 100). So I want the decimal number in a text element, and an arrow (specified as a path element with an arrowhead marker on one end) under it showing the shift of the decimal point from one position to another. But I want to do in in a general enough way that the arrow stretches for me if I need to change the font size or add digits between the start and stop positions of the arrow.
Here is what I came up with:
<svg id="shift" height="40" width="85">
<defs>
<marker id="arrowhead" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" refX="3" refY="0" >
<path d="M 0 6 L 3 0 6 6" stroke="black" fill-opacity="0" rotate="90"/></marker>
</defs>
<text id="fullstring" x="0" y="15" fill="black" font-family="serif" font-size="100%">10<!--
--><tspan id="firstdec" fill="blue">.</tspan>0000<tspan id="seconddec" fill="red">.</tspan>00</text>
<path id="decarrow" stroke="black" fill="white" stroke-width="1" d=""
style="marker-end: url(#arrowhead);"/>
<script type="text/javascript"><![CDATA[
var arrowpath = document.getElementById("decarrow");
var firstdecbox = document.getElementById("firstdec").getExtentOfChar(0);
document.getElementById("fullstring").setAttribute("y",""+firstdecbox.height);
document.getElementById("shift").setAttribute("height",""+(1.4*firstdecbox.height+15));
document.getElementById("shift").setAttribute("width", ""+document.getElementById("fullstring").getComputedTextLength());
var seconddecbox = document.getElementById("seconddec").getExtentOfChar(0);
var startx = firstdecbox.x+firstdecbox.width/2;
var starty = firstdecbox.y+firstdecbox.height;
var stopx = seconddecbox.x+seconddecbox.width/2;
var stopy = seconddecbox.y+seconddecbox.height;
var bendheight = 15;
arrowpath.setAttribute("d", "M "+startx+" "+starty+" L "+ startx+" "+(starty+bendheight)+" "+stopx+" "+(stopy+bendheight)+" "+stopx+" "+stopy);
]]></script>
</svg>
I can't help thinking that there must be a better way to do this. What I really want is a way to specify a path with starting point and ending point based on character positions in a text element. Is there such a way to specify path data relative to character positions? Or have I really stumbled my way onto the best available option?
Related
I am working on a svg graphic that will represent health bar in a game, thus far it is looking like this https://jsfiddle.net/8ds9hpuv
Concept is to have responsive bar that decreases / increases in width based on character health.
Right now I can't figure out how to decrease this path in width, but maintain that rounded edge on the right side all the time.
Ideally I would like to make it's height responsive as well
<svg width="428" height="35">
<path d="M0 0h414.333785C423.444595 9.346449 428 15.179782 428 17.5c0 2.320218-4.555405 8.153551-13.666215 17.5H0V0z" fill="red"/>
</svg>
I've modified the path by changing every command to lowercase (using this tool: Convert SVG path to all-relative or all-absolute ) but I've left the last H command to uppercase since H0 is going back to x="0"
Next I'm replacing the first h command with the variable healthIndicator
I'm assuming that the tip of the arrow has only an aesthetical function.
For the sake of the demp I'm using an input type range to change the value of the healthIndicator. I hope this is what you need.
itr.addEventListener("input",()=>{
let healthIndicator = itr.value;
let d = `M0,0 h${healthIndicator}c9.111,9.346,13.666,15.18,13.666,17.5c0,2.320218,-4.555405,8.153551,-13.666215,17.5H0v-35z`;
thePath.setAttributeNS(null,"d", d);
})
svg{border:1px solid}
<svg viewBox="0 0 550 35" >
<path id="thePath" d="M0,0
h414
c9.111,9.346,13.666,15.18,13.666,17.5
c0,2.320218,-4.555405,8.153551,-13.666215,17.5
H0z" fill="red"/>
</svg>
<input type="range" id="itr" value="414" min="0" max="500" />
I'm trying to create an infinite animation loop of an SVG circle.
I want to create 12 equal pieces and separate it by some gap.
To calculate value of circle pieces I used k coefficient from an table below
So I did 0,25782 * 160 (diameter of my circle) and I got: 41.2512 (it's should be a value of my pieces).
After that I created strokeDasharray prop via that value: 40 1.2512 I thought that it should be correct value.
Looks like it is but when I changed the strokedashOffset prop I saw some artifact at the right side. I don't know why it's happened and how I can fix it (and where I did an mistake)?
Thanks for any help.
Demo here (just change the strokedashOffset to a 408 value and you will see that issue).
https://jsfiddle.net/q8enje9o/
Here my pure svg code
<svg version="1.1" id="svgout_dasharray" baseProfile="full" width="500"
height="500" viewBox="0, 0, 500, 500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="border: 1px solid black">
<defs></defs>
<circle cx="150" cy="150" r="80" fill="none" stroke="#ff0000" style="stroke-width: 30;stroke-dasharray: 40, 1.2512;stroke-dashoffset: 380;"></circle>
</svg>
Table of k coef. n - count of circle pieces
Here is the formula how you can calculate those coef. by itself
n - count of pieces
360 - 2*PI (a whole circle)
k - our coef. that we want to find
P.S. Here is a demo with the issue after update (Chrome latest & Windows 10)
The circumference of the circle / sum of the stroke-dasharray values needs to be an integer if you want evenly spaced lines and it isn't in your case.
So you probably want something like stroke-dasharray: 40, 1.8879; which should work with any stroke-dashoffset value.
Your question is a little confusing because you talk a lot about how you are calculating the dash array, but complain about things looking funny when you change the dash offset.
The circumference of a circle is 2 * PI * radius. If you want a n sections in your circumference, then the "dash + gap" in your dash array needs to sum to:
(2 * PI * radius) / n
so for 12 sectors, and a radius of 80, that value would be
(2 * PI * 80) / 12 = 41.8879
As Robert said, `stroke-dashoffset="40 1.8879" should work. And indeed it does.
<svg width="500" height="500" style="border: 1px solid black">
<circle cx="150" cy="150" r="80" fill="none" stroke="#ff0000"
style="stroke-width: 30;stroke-dasharray: 40 1.8879;"/>
</svg>
Now you also talk about dash offset. I don't know why you want to change the dash offset. I guess you are trying to make the dashes rotate around the circumference of something. Is that right?
If so, then that should work - as long as you are accurate with your dash array values. See below.
<svg width="500" height="500" style="border: 1px solid black">
<circle cx="150" cy="150" r="80" fill="none" stroke="#ff0000"
style="stroke-width: 30;stroke-dasharray: 40 1.8879; stroke-dashoffset: 408;"/>
</svg>
I need to animate a circle that bounce 3 times and hits a wall and return. it should follow a given path. i have tried it with animateMotion. This is how it is so far,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<title>animation</title>
<!--<rect x="15" y="5" rx="5" ry="5" width="20" height="10" style="fill:#CCCCFF;stroke:#000099">-->
<circle cx="0" cy="50" r="15" fill="blue" stroke="black" stroke-width="1">
<animateMotion dur="6s" repeatCount="indefinite" rotate="auto">
<mpath xlink:href="#path1"/>
</animateMotion>
</circle>
<!--</rect>-->
<path id="path1" d="m21,39c0,0 46,-44 79,-1c33,43 62,58 97,26c35,-32 86,-30 86,
-31c0,-1 61,-9 29,43c-32,52 -19,51 -87,51c-68,0 -158,-5 -158,-6c0,-1 -40,-11 -41,-12 Z"
stroke-width="5" stroke="#000000" fill="none"/>
</svg>
actually something like below is what i am expecting, as i am new to the area, appreciate any guidance or support.
In order to create the impression that the ball is bouncing organically, you probably want a trajectory that looks a bit more like this:
In addition, you do not want a linear timing function. A linear timing function means the element will move at the same speed throughout the animation. But, the closer a ball is to the apex of a bounce, the slower the ball is going. Also consider that it is going faster at the start and end of the tallest bounce than it is at the start and end of the shortest bounce.
Based on the aforementioned info about the behaviour of a bouncing ball, we might guess that the timing function for one bounce should look something like this:
It starts out fast, slows down, and then speeds up again.
This diagram represents a cubic-bezier curve, also known as a spline. This particular cubic-bezier can be written as 0.1 0.8 1 0.3 - the x and y coords of the first control point (P1) followed by the x and y coords of the second control point (P2).
Combining the trajectory and the timing function:
jsfiddle. The timing needs to be refined a bit, but that's the general idea.
The <animateMotion> element requires four additional attributes to make this happen:
keyPoints="0;0.5;0.75;1"
keyTimes="0;0.35;0.6;1"
calcMode="spline"
keySplines="0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7"
what these mean:
keyPoints="0;0.5;0.75;1" - I've decided to split up the path into three sections, each leg of which is associated with a start and end time (from keyTimes) and a timing function (from keySplines). The values are between 0 and 1, separated by semi-colons, where 0 is start of path and 1 is end of path.
keyTimes="0;0.35;0.6;1" - the total duration of the animation is segmented according to these times. There should be exactly as many keyTimes times as there are keyPoints. The values are between 0 and 1, separated by semi-colons, where 0 is start and 1 is the total duration of the animation.
calcMode="spline" - indicates that we want the timing function to be cubic-bezier. setting calcMode to spline means we also have to set keySplineson this element.
keySplines="0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7" - each leg of the trajectory gets its own timing function. (So, there should be one fewer keySplines value than there are keyTimes. Here, I've used the same timing function for each, 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7. Since there are four keyTimes, there are three keySplines values because the trajectory has three legs. (Again, the actual values that I used need to be refined but that's the general idea.)
If you want your circle to follow the path, you need the circle's position to be (0,0), since the motion animation will be relative to the circle's current position:
<circle cx="0" cy="0"...
You can also remove rotate="auto" since it isn't of any use in this case.
See jsfiddle
This is my first SVG project, and I’m not a programmer, but I dabble in interactive infographics. My previous experience in this area comes from working with ActionScript.
I’m using plain SVG (no Raphael, D3, etc.) and trying to create an interactive barchart. After some initial difficulty with the SVG coordinate system and scaling, I found some code online that handles the postscaling translation:
<text x="x_coord0" y="y_coord0" transform="scale(x_scale, y_scale) translate(-x_coord0*(x_scale-1)/x_scale, -y_coord0*(y_scale-1)/y_scale)" …>text</text>
And I converted it into this JavaScript:
var translationfactor = ((0 - y_position)*(y_scalefactor - 1) / y_scalefactor);
var matrix = "scale(1," + y_scalefactor + ") translate(0," + Number(translationfactor) + ")";
targetbar.setAttribute("transform", matrix);
The problem is that I need the bars “translated” back to the chart’s baseline, not the original locations of their topmost points. Currently the correctly scaled bars are hugging the top of the chart:
http://billgregg.net/miscellany/upsidedown-barchart.png
I’ve tried several fixes, including plugging the bars’ ”missing height” into translationfactor (the bars start out the full height of the chart and get scaled down dynamically). Nothing has worked. Part of my problem is that, besides being new to SVGs, I can stare at that code all day and my brain still can’t parse it. Multiplying negative numbers is too abstract and at a fundamental level I just don’t “get” the math, which of course makes modifying the code difficult.
My questions:
(1) What’s the fix for the code above to position the bars back on the baseline of the chart?
(2) Is there a more transparent, more pedestrian way of accomplishing the translation? My first thought along these lines was that if a bar’s height is reduced to 40% of its original value, then multiplying the original Y coordinate value by 250% should reset the bar to its original location (at least its topmost point), but that doesn’t seem to work.
(3) Is there a way to set a bar’s point of origin to its bottom? In Flash it’s possible, though as far as I know it’s a manual, not a programmatic task.
(4) Is there a method similar to .localToGlobal() in ActionScript that would allow me to avoid having to mess with the local coordinate system at all?
Behind the scenes there is matrix math going on and it can be hard to get your head around the pre and post multiplication of arrays.
It's not entirely clear what you are trying to achieve, but reading between the lines, it sounds like you are wanting to provide graph coordinates in their raw(ish) form and have the SVG scale and position them for you(?)
If that's the case, then I think the solution is simpler than what you think.
Assuming I'm right, we'll start with something that looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
<g transform="">
<rect x="0" width="1" height="5" fill="red"/>
<rect x="1" width="1" height="11" fill="green"/>
<rect x="2" width="1" height="12" fill="orange"/>
<rect x="3" width="1" height="8" fill="blue"/>
</g>
</svg>
Where x is obvious and the bar length is in height. y defaults to 0, so we don't need it here.
You basically want to know what goes in the transform to scale and position the bars on your page. The fact that your graph is "upside-down" helps a little. Because the origin in an SVG is at the top left.
First apply a scale. Let's make the bars 20 pixels wide, and scale the lengths up by 10.
<g transform="scale(20,10)">
Next you want to position the graph on the page. Let's put the top-left corner at (40,40).
In SVG the transformations are concatenated in order (post-multiplied) so in order for the translation to be what you specify and not be multiplied by the scale, you should put it first.
<g transform="translate(40,40) scale(20,10)">
So the final SVG looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
<g transform="translate(40,40) scale(20,10)">
<rect x="0" width="1" height="5" fill="red"/>
<rect x="1" width="1" height="11" fill="green"/>
<rect x="2" width="1" height="12" fill="orange"/>
<rect x="3" width="1" height="8" fill="blue"/>
</g>
</svg>
The above has been simplified by assuming you have already subtracted the values from your base 20%. If you wanted to keep the pure raw values, it's possible, but things get a bit trickier. You would need to either tinker with both the y and height value of each bar, or use clipping to hide the part of the bar above 20%.
For "right way up"/normal graphs. All you need to do is make the y scale negative and translate the graph so that the bottom-left is where you want it.
<g transform="translate(40,140) scale(20,-10)">
Hope this helps.
I'm beginning to just learn some SVG (and javascript, I suppose), and I'm having a hard time understanding why this is not flowing smoothly. The 0 moves a small amount (presumably "1" horizontally on the x axis), but than begins to leap in great bounds. Is this because the browser I am using (Chrome) is refreshing/redrawing at a much longer pace? Any input would be greatly appreciated.
<svg width="100%" height="100%"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
onload="startup(evt)">
<script>
function startup(evt){
svgDoc=evt.target.ownerDocument;
setInterval(function(){
e=svgDoc.getElementById("zero");
var x = e.getAttribute("x");
e.setAttribute("x",x+1);
},1000);
}
</script>
<defs>
<text id="zero">0</text>
</defs>
<use x="40" y="20" xlink:href="#zero"/>
</svg>
You have to make sure you're working with numbers and not strings:
var x = +(e.getAttribute("x"));
e.setAttribute("x",x+1);
JavaScript prefers string "addition" to numeric, so when "x" is a string, x+1 means "add the character '1' to the end of the string x". By forcing the return value from .getAttribute() to numeric via the unary "+" operator, you avoid that problem.
(There are various ways to force a string to be converted to a number. Pick your favorite :-)