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PHP echo not producing correct result, turning string lowercase

I'm trying to echo a dynamic a tag which calls a javascript function, but the parameters are not being echoed correctly. They should retain their capitalization and not add spacing. Why is it doing this?
I've tried removing variables and just echoing a straight string with what I want, but it still displays incorrectly.
What I need:
echo '<img src="'.$info[1].'"/>'
Pure String Version:
echo '<img src="/images/calc-eng-desktop.png">'
Outputs:
<a href="/calc" onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn(" test_button_1",="" "="" calc")"="">
<img src="/images/calc-eng-desktop.png">
</a>
Should Output:
<a href="/calc" onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn("Test_Button_1", "/calc")">
<img src="/images/calc-eng-desktop.png">
</a>
I also tried:
echo "<img src=\"".$info[1]."\"/>";
But that still outputs:
<img src="/images/calc.png">
as per Dharman's response I also Tried:
echo '<a href="'.$info[0].'"
onClick=\"redirTrackCalcBtn("'.$bname.'", "'.$info[0].'")\"
><img src="'.$info[1].'"/></a>'
This outputs:
<a href="/calc" onclick="\"redirTrackCalcBtn("Test_Banner_1"," "="" calc")\"="">
<img src="/images/preguntanos-h-es.png">
</a>
Edit for context:
It's for a dynamic banner within the content of a blog powered by WordPress.

You can simplify your expressions using the following technique ...
HTML accepts single quote or double quotes for attributes.
PHP can evaluate variables inside of double quote delimited strings. This can make your expressions much more easier to understand.
So based on this, the answer would be:
<?php
echo "<a href='{$info[0]}' onClick='redirTrackCalcBtn(\"{$bname}\", \"{$info[0]}\")'><img src='{$info[1]}'/></a>";
This will give the following result ...
<a href='/calc' onClick='redirTrackCalcBtn("test_button_1", "/calc")'><img src='/images/calc-eng-desktop.png'/></a>
In your question, you have shown an Pure String Version and what you thought was a normal output. Both of those outputs are wrong. You cannot use something like onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn("Test_Button_1", "/calc")" because the double quote right after the opening parenthesis finishes the onclick attribute which become onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn(". After that, the browser will try its best to find the following attributes and their values. So the spaces that you are seeing are just the natural space between attributes.
In conclusion, there is nothing wrong with echo.

You need to escape one set of the double-quotes, otherwise they are mixed together. Since you went for single-quotes in PHP, you need to use double in HTML/JavaScript and then use single-quotes again, but this time escaped from PHP.
echo '<a href="'.$info[0].'" onClick="redirTrackCalcBtn(\''.$bname.'\', \''.$info[0].'\')" ><img src="'.$info[1].'"/></a>';
The JavaScript variables are enclosed within \'
or
echo '<a href="'.$info[0].'" onClick=\'redirTrackCalcBtn("'.$bname.'", "'.$info[0].'")\' ><img src="'.$info[1].'"/></a>';
The onlick part is now enclosed with escaped quotes, everything else stayed the same.
You have 3 languages mixed together, 3 layers:
PHP will use '
-->HTML will use "
---->JavaScript will use \'
Each one uses double or single quotes and you only have two to choose from. Therefore you need to escape one of them.
A simpler example:
echo '<a onclick="alert(\'hi\')">Hello</a>';

Perhaps a simpler way to overcome quote escaping confusion is to assign the string in a different way. You can remove one layer of quotation by using heredoc notation.
as an aside, your "correct" output is not correct:
onclick="redirTrackCalBtn("Test_Button_1, "/calc")">
<a href="/calc" onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn("Test_Button_1", "/calc")">
<img src="/images/calc-eng-desktop.png">
</a>
Your HTML should look like this:
<a href="/calc" onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn('Test_Button_1', '/calc')">
<img src="/images/calc-eng-desktop.png">
</a>
Using Heredoc notation, you don't have to concatenate and escape, just write it out the way the HTML should be:
$link =<<<LINKINFORMATION
<a href="{$info[0]}" onclick="redirTrackCalcBtn('{$bname}', '{$info[0]}')">
<img src="/images/calc-eng-desktop.png">
</a>
LINKINFORMATION;
echo $link;

how can i use ' and " in a code in PHP and Javascript?

I'd like how i can use a lot of ' and " in a code.
Example:
echo 'document.write("<a href='$url'> <img src='{$row["image"]}' border='0' /> </a>");';
I tried but i'm getting error. Anyone can help?

so, you have multi-level problem here:
data which is echoed to html, usually should be properly escaped via htmlspecialchars
you want to see document.write("..."..."); in your finally produced html, this will trigger javascript syntax error
to avoid this error, you should use \ before " inside string
echo 'document.write("<img src=\"' . htmlspecialchars($row["image"]) . '\" border=\"0\" />");';
note: I'm using echo with single quotes, if you're using double quotes - you will have to double \\
in case of double quotes your code will look like:
echo "document.write(\"<img src=\\\"" . htmlspecialchars($row["image"]) . "\\\" border=\\\"0\\\" />\");";

Here are three ways to tackle this problem.
1. Escaping the inner double slashes
echo "document.write(' <img src=\"{$row['image']}\" border=\"0\" /> ');";
2. Closing your PHP tags and writing javascript
?>
document.write(' <img src="<?php echo $row['image']; ?>" border="0" /> ');
<?php
3. Using Heredoc syntax
echo <<<EOJS
document.write(' <img src="{$row['image']}" border="0" /> ');
EOJS;

This will work:
<?php
$url = "http://www.google.com";
$row = array("image" => "image.png");
echo "document.write(' <img src=\"".$row["image"]."\" border=0 /> ');";
// output: document.write(' <img src="image.png" border=0 /> ');
?>

You can use the heredoc syntax:
echo <<<EOT
document.write(<a href='{$url}'> <img src='{$row["image"]}' border='0' /> </a>);
EOT;
From phpdocs
Heredoc text behaves just like a double-quoted string, without the
double quotes. This means that quotes in a heredoc do not need to be
escaped, but the escape codes listed above can still be used.
Variables are expanded, but the same care must be taken when
expressing complex variables inside a heredoc as with strings.
Also note, that
It is very important to note that the line with the closing identifier
must contain no other characters, except a semicolon (;). That means
especially that the identifier may not be indented, and there may not
be any spaces or tabs before or after the semicolon. It's also
important to realize that the first character before the closing
identifier must be a newline as defined by the local operating system.
This is \n on UNIX systems, including Mac OS X. The closing delimiter
must also be followed by a newline.

PHP/Jquery - Echoing jquery in a PHP function [closed]

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Edit the question to include desired behavior, a specific problem or error, and the shortest code necessary to reproduce the problem. This will help others answer the question.
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I have the following function:
function loader($time,$page){
echo "<script type='text/javascript'>
$( document ).ready(function() {
$('.register-container').hide();
$('.top-color').animate({height:'100%'}, 500);
window.setTimeout(
function() {
$('.loading-overlay').show();
},
600
);
//Simulate loading... and then redirect.
window.setTimeout(
function() {
$('.loading-overlay').hide();
$('.top-color').animate({height:'0px'}, 500);
},
2600
);
});
</script>";
echo '<div class="loading-overlay" >
<div class="loading-circles">
<!-- MAINTAINS CONSISTANT COLOR CENTER -->
<div class="circle hold" ></div>
<!-- ITERATION POINT FOR ANIMATION -->
<div class="circle first"></div>
<div class="circle"></div>
<div class="circle"></div>
</div>
<!-- ICON -->
<div class="name"><img src="images/loader/loadertext-green.png" /></div>
</div>';
echo "<meta http-equiv=refresh content=$time;URL='$page'>";
}
Which should add the above jQuery code to the page, and execute it.
Now my problem is, that when the function is called in the page, like below:
<?php
if($checksuccess){ loader("4","/account"); }
?>
I get the following jQuery error:
Uncaught ReferenceError: $ is not defined
What am I doing wrong?

Php is expecting a variable name after the $ sign because you are using double quotes.
Try changes the single quotes with double quotes inside the echo and sorround it with single quotes. The opposite that you have.

Your second echo block starts and ends with a single quote, it should be a double quote. Also, the string inside of an echo must escape double quotes. You can generally use single quotes in html, but it is probably better to escape the double quotes.
echo "<div class=\"loading-overlay\" >
<div class=\"loading-circles\">
Use escape \" on html attributes when echoing from PHP
</div></div>";

html onClick open url stored in a php variable

Following is my code, am getting Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token }, but i don't see any } in my code. window.open is expecting url in quotes, I tried different combinations of single and double quotes but not working and unable to escape the double quote in echo either.Please help
Thanks..
<?php
$a = "https://www.google.co.in/";
?>
<html>
<body>
<form>
<input type="button" width="100" onClick="window.open(<?php echo '"'; echo $a; echo '"'; ?>)" height="100%" value="Edit Record"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

You are outputting " characters into your onClick attribute value. Since you use those characters to delimit the value, the first one ends the script in the middle of the statement.
Use " instead.
But that's a quick and dirty hack. There are better approaches.
Do not try to generate JavaScript strings by mashing PHP strings together. Use a robust escaping function. json_encode will give you the JavaScript literal (including quote characters where needed) for any simple data structure.
Do not try to generate HTML by mashing strings together. Use a robust escaping function. htmlspecialchars will do all you need.
Such:
onClick="window.open(<?php echo htmlspecialchars(json_encode($a)); ?>)"
But don't use JavaScript when HTML will do:
<a href="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($a); ?>" target="_blank">

You should use echo "'$a'". The main problem is that you would habe double-double quotes in your onclick attribute. Or even better window.open('<?php echo $a; ?>').

How do I escape single quotes in PHP [closed]

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Closed 8 years ago.
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I'm working with Magento trying to style error messages as pop-ups, instead of displaying inline.
I found an article explaining how to do this, but the code displays an error when I try to use it. (http://azharkamar.com/5378/magento-modifying-default-message-alert-box-popup-dialog/)
This is the code I am using:
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById("messages").style.visibility="hidden"">x</a>';
A comment mentioned after the article said that they "had to escape the single quotes to make it work."
I tried editing the code, and used the code shown below. The close button appears but it won't close the box.
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById("messages").style.visibility="hidden"">x</a>';
Any help would be much appreciated, thank you!

You can escape a single quote by preceeding it with a backslash, or by using double quotes for the string:
$var = 'Escape \' like this';
$var = "Or embed ' like this";
If you need to embed javascript, it might be a bit harder, because the quote in the Javascript string needs also to be escaped. Usually you can get arround by cleverly combining single and double quotes:
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById(\'messages\').style.visibility=\'hidden\'">x</a>';
Or you can use heredoc:
$html = <<<html
<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById('messages').style.visibility='hidden'">x</a>'
html;
By the way, escaping quotes in HTML is a different story. You use the " entity for that, so if you want to have double quotes in Javascript, the result would be:
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById("messages").style.visibility="hidden"">x</a>';

You can escape the single quotes in your code, with backslashes, like this:
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById(\'messages\').style.visibility=\'hidden\'">x</a>';
Or you can move the javascript out of your html:
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="hideMessage()">x</a>';
<script type="text/javascript">
function hideMessage() {
document.getElementById("messages").style.visibility = "hidden";
}
</script>

You can both escape ' putting backslashes before them (' -> \')
$html .= '<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById(\'messages\').style.visibility="hidden">x</a>';
Or use the EOF function to eliminate the need for escaping.
$html .= <<<EOF
<a class="msgclose" href="#" onclick="document.getElementById('messages').style.visibility="hidden">x</a>
EOF;

To Escape a character in php use \ backslash . But the value that $html will have after escaping it will be untidy
Here is how i would do it..
$html .= "<a class='msgclose' href='#' onclick='document.getElementById('messages').style.visibility='hidden''>x</a>";
I used double quotes and within them i used single quotes