In my company we work with excel a lot, and I have been writing excel macros in VBA to automate anything that can be automated, recently we needed to collaborate on some sheets and we used google sheets for that.
I then wrote a script that automatically protects cells when they're edited by someone and makes him the only allowed editor, with a button to clear protections when done. (+ for google)
We would rather work with Excel so I found out that it was possible to host a web app and use the JavaScript API to embed Excel worksheets with custom HTML and CSS, an example can be found here (VBA is not supported online)
Would it be possible to embed an Excel worksheet into a hosted web app, then allow different users to collaborate inside the web app, then automatically protect a cell when edited and make its editor the only one allowed to edit, then save the settings until next session?
By using for example the web app user directory or Microsoft Exchange Server for authentication.
Related
I am trying to import data from the following website to Google Sheets. I want to import all the matches for the day.
https://www.tournamentsoftware.com/tournament/b731fdcd-a0c8-4558-9344-2a14c267ee8b/Matches
I have tried importxml and importhtml, but it seems this does not work as the website uses JavaScript. I have also tried to use Apipheny without any success.
When using Apipheny, the error message is
'Failed to fetch data - please verify your API Request: {DNS error'
Tl;Dr
Adapted from my answer to How to know if Google Sheets IMPORTDATA, IMPORTFEED, IMPORTHTML or IMPORTXML functions are able to get data from a resource hosted on a website? (also posted by me)
Please spend some time learning how to use the browsers developers tools so you will be able to identify
if the data is already included in source code of the webpage as JSON / literal JavaScript object or in another form
if the webpage is doing a GET or POST requests to retrieve the data and when those requests are done (i.e. as some point of the page parsing, or on event)
if the requests require data from cookies
Brief guide about how to use the web browser to find useful details about the webpage / data to import
Open the source code and look if the required data is included. Sometimes the data is included as JSON and added to the DOM using JavaScript. In this case it might be possible to retrieve the data by using the Google Sheets functions or URL Fetch Service from Google Apps Script.
Let say that you use Chrome. Open the Dev Tools, then look at the Elements tab. There you will see the DOM. It might be helpful to identify if the data that you want to import besides being on visible elements is included in hidden / not visible elements like <script> tags.
Look at Source, there you might be able to see the JavaScript code. It might include the data that you want to import as JavaScript object (commonly referred as JSON).
There are a lot of questions about google-sheets +web-scraping that mentions problems using importhtml and/or importxml that already have answers and even many include code (JavaScript snippets, Google Apps Script functions, etc.) that might save you to have to use an specialized web-scraping tool that has a more stepped learning curve. At the bottom of this answer there is a list of questions about using Google Sheets built-in functions, including annotations of the workaround proposed.
On Is there a way to get a single response from a text/event-stream without using event listeners? ask about using EventSource. While this can't be used on server side code, the answer show how to use the HtmlService to use it on client-side code and retrieve the result to Google Sheets.
As you already realized, the Google Sheets built-in functions importhtml(), importxml(), importdata() and importfeed() only work with static pages that do not require signing in or other forms of authentication.
When the content of a public page is created dynamically by using JavaScript, it cannot be accessed with those functions, by the other hand the website's webmaster may also purposefully have prevented web scraping.
How to identify if content is added dynamically
To check if the content is added dynamically, using Chrome,
Open the URL of the source data.
Press F12 to open Chrome Developer Tools
Press Control+Shift+P to open the Command Menu.
Start typing javascript, select Disable JavaScript, and then press Enter to run the command. JavaScript is now disabled.
JavaScript will remain disabled in this tab so long as you have DevTools open.
Reload the page to see if the content that you want to import is shown, if it's shown it could be imported by using Google Sheets built-in functions, otherwise it's not possible but might be possible by using other means for doing web scraping.
According to Wikipedia,
Web scraping, web harvesting, or web data extraction is data scraping used for extracting data from websites.
Use of robots.txt to block Web crawlers
The webmasters could use robots.txt file to block access to website. In such case the result will be #N/A Could not fetch URL.
Use of User agent
The webpage could be designed to return a special a custom message instead of the data.
Below there are more details about how Google Sheets built-in "web-scraping" functions works
IMPORTDATA, IMPORTFEED, IMPORTHTML and IMPORTXML are able to get content from resources hosted on websites that are:
Publicly available. This means that the resource doesn't require authorization / to be logged in into any service to access it.
The content is "static". This mean that if you open the resource using the view source code option of modern web browsers it will be displayed as plain text.
NOTE: The Chrome's Inspect tool shows the parsed DOM; in other works the actual structure/content of the web page which could be dynamically modified by JavaScript code or browser extensions/plugins.
The content has the appropriated structure.
IMPORTDATA works with structured content as csv or tsv doesn't matter of the file extension of the resource.
IMPORTFEED works with marked up content as ATOM/RSS
IMPORTHTML works with marked up content as HTML that includes properly markedup list or tables.
IMPORTXML works with marked up content as XML or any of its variants like XHTML.
The content doesn't exceeds the maximum size. Google haven't disclosed this limit but the below error will be shown when the content exceeds the maximum size:
Resource at url contents exceeded maximum size.
Google servers are not blocked by means of robots.txt or the user agent.
On W3C Markup Validator there are several tools to checkout is the resources had been properly marked up.
Regarding CSV check out Are there known services to validate CSV files
It's worth to note that the spreadsheet
should have enough room for the imported content; Google Sheets has a 10 million cell limit by spreadsheet, according to this post a columns limit of 18278, and a 50 thousand characters as cell content even as a value or formula.
it doesn't handle well large in-cell content; the "limit" depends on the user screen size and resolution as now it's possible to zoom in/out.
References
https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/javascript/disable
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_scraping
Related
Using Google Apps Script to scrape Dynamic Web Pages
Scraping data from website using vba
Block Website Scraping by Google Docs
Is there a way to get a single response from a text/event-stream without using event listeners?
Software Recommendations
Web scraping tool/software available for free?
Recommendations for web scraping tools that require minimal installation
Web Applications
The following question is about a different result, #N/A Could not fetch URL
Inability to use IMPORTHTML in Google sheets
Similar questions
Some of this questions might be closed as duplicate of this one
Importing javascript table into Google Docs spreadsheet
Importxml Imported Content Empty
scrape table using google app scripts
One answer includes Google Apps Script code using the URL Fetch Service
Capture element using ImportXML with XPath
How to import Javascript tables into Google spreadsheet?
Scrape the current share price data from the ASX
One of the answers includes Google Apps Script code to get data from a JSON source
Guidance on webscraping using Google Sheets
How to Scrape data from Indiegogo.com in google sheets via IMPORTXML formula
Why importxml and importhtml not working here?
Google Sheet use Importxml error could not fetch url
One answer includes Google Apps Script code using the URL Fetch Service
Google Sheets - Pull Data for investment portfolio
Extracting value from API/Webpage
IMPORTXML shows an error while scraping data from website
One answer shows the xhr request found using browser developer tools
Replacing =ImportHTML with URLFetchApp
One answer includes Google Apps Script code using the URL Fetch Service
How to use IMPORTXML to import hidden div tag?
Google Sheet Web-scraping ImportXml Xpath on Yahoo Finance doesn't works with french stock
One of the answers includes Google Apps Script code to get data from a JSON source. As of January 4th 2023, it's not longer working, very likely because Yahoo! Finance is now encrying the JSON. See the Tainake's answer to How to pull Yahoo Finance Historical Price Data from its Object with Google Apps Script? for script using Crypto.js to handle this.
How to fetch data which is loaded by the ajax (asynchronous) method after the web page has already been loaded using apps script?
One answer suggest to read the data from the server instead of scraping from a webpage.
Using ImportXML to pull data
Extracting data from web page using Cheerio Library
One answer suggest the use of an API and Google Apps Script
ImportXML is good for basic tasks, but it won't get you too far if you are serious in scraping:
The approach only works with the most basic websites (no SPAs rendered in browsers can be scraped this way. Any basic web scraping protection or connectivity issue breaks the process, and there isn't any control over HTTP request geo location, or number of retries) - and Yahoo Finance is not a simple website
If the target website data requires some cleanup post-processing, it's getting very complicated since you are now "programming with Excel formulas", rather a painful process compared to regular code writing in conventional programming languages
There isn't any proper launch and cache control, so the function can be triggered occasionally and if the HTTP request fails, cells will be populated with ERR! values
I recommend using proper tools (automation framework and scraping engine which can render JavaScript-powered websites) and use Google Sheets just for basic storage purposes:
https://youtu.be/uBC752CWTew (Pipedream for automation and ScrapeNinja engine for scraping)
I am trying to import data from the following website to Google Sheets. I want to import all the matches for the day.
https://www.tournamentsoftware.com/tournament/b731fdcd-a0c8-4558-9344-2a14c267ee8b/Matches
I have tried importxml and importhtml, but it seems this does not work as the website uses JavaScript. I have also tried to use Apipheny without any success.
When using Apipheny, the error message is
'Failed to fetch data - please verify your API Request: {DNS error'
Tl;Dr
Adapted from my answer to How to know if Google Sheets IMPORTDATA, IMPORTFEED, IMPORTHTML or IMPORTXML functions are able to get data from a resource hosted on a website? (also posted by me)
Please spend some time learning how to use the browsers developers tools so you will be able to identify
if the data is already included in source code of the webpage as JSON / literal JavaScript object or in another form
if the webpage is doing a GET or POST requests to retrieve the data and when those requests are done (i.e. as some point of the page parsing, or on event)
if the requests require data from cookies
Brief guide about how to use the web browser to find useful details about the webpage / data to import
Open the source code and look if the required data is included. Sometimes the data is included as JSON and added to the DOM using JavaScript. In this case it might be possible to retrieve the data by using the Google Sheets functions or URL Fetch Service from Google Apps Script.
Let say that you use Chrome. Open the Dev Tools, then look at the Elements tab. There you will see the DOM. It might be helpful to identify if the data that you want to import besides being on visible elements is included in hidden / not visible elements like <script> tags.
Look at Source, there you might be able to see the JavaScript code. It might include the data that you want to import as JavaScript object (commonly referred as JSON).
There are a lot of questions about google-sheets +web-scraping that mentions problems using importhtml and/or importxml that already have answers and even many include code (JavaScript snippets, Google Apps Script functions, etc.) that might save you to have to use an specialized web-scraping tool that has a more stepped learning curve. At the bottom of this answer there is a list of questions about using Google Sheets built-in functions, including annotations of the workaround proposed.
On Is there a way to get a single response from a text/event-stream without using event listeners? ask about using EventSource. While this can't be used on server side code, the answer show how to use the HtmlService to use it on client-side code and retrieve the result to Google Sheets.
As you already realized, the Google Sheets built-in functions importhtml(), importxml(), importdata() and importfeed() only work with static pages that do not require signing in or other forms of authentication.
When the content of a public page is created dynamically by using JavaScript, it cannot be accessed with those functions, by the other hand the website's webmaster may also purposefully have prevented web scraping.
How to identify if content is added dynamically
To check if the content is added dynamically, using Chrome,
Open the URL of the source data.
Press F12 to open Chrome Developer Tools
Press Control+Shift+P to open the Command Menu.
Start typing javascript, select Disable JavaScript, and then press Enter to run the command. JavaScript is now disabled.
JavaScript will remain disabled in this tab so long as you have DevTools open.
Reload the page to see if the content that you want to import is shown, if it's shown it could be imported by using Google Sheets built-in functions, otherwise it's not possible but might be possible by using other means for doing web scraping.
According to Wikipedia,
Web scraping, web harvesting, or web data extraction is data scraping used for extracting data from websites.
Use of robots.txt to block Web crawlers
The webmasters could use robots.txt file to block access to website. In such case the result will be #N/A Could not fetch URL.
Use of User agent
The webpage could be designed to return a special a custom message instead of the data.
Below there are more details about how Google Sheets built-in "web-scraping" functions works
IMPORTDATA, IMPORTFEED, IMPORTHTML and IMPORTXML are able to get content from resources hosted on websites that are:
Publicly available. This means that the resource doesn't require authorization / to be logged in into any service to access it.
The content is "static". This mean that if you open the resource using the view source code option of modern web browsers it will be displayed as plain text.
NOTE: The Chrome's Inspect tool shows the parsed DOM; in other works the actual structure/content of the web page which could be dynamically modified by JavaScript code or browser extensions/plugins.
The content has the appropriated structure.
IMPORTDATA works with structured content as csv or tsv doesn't matter of the file extension of the resource.
IMPORTFEED works with marked up content as ATOM/RSS
IMPORTHTML works with marked up content as HTML that includes properly markedup list or tables.
IMPORTXML works with marked up content as XML or any of its variants like XHTML.
The content doesn't exceeds the maximum size. Google haven't disclosed this limit but the below error will be shown when the content exceeds the maximum size:
Resource at url contents exceeded maximum size.
Google servers are not blocked by means of robots.txt or the user agent.
On W3C Markup Validator there are several tools to checkout is the resources had been properly marked up.
Regarding CSV check out Are there known services to validate CSV files
It's worth to note that the spreadsheet
should have enough room for the imported content; Google Sheets has a 10 million cell limit by spreadsheet, according to this post a columns limit of 18278, and a 50 thousand characters as cell content even as a value or formula.
it doesn't handle well large in-cell content; the "limit" depends on the user screen size and resolution as now it's possible to zoom in/out.
References
https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/javascript/disable
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_scraping
Related
Using Google Apps Script to scrape Dynamic Web Pages
Scraping data from website using vba
Block Website Scraping by Google Docs
Is there a way to get a single response from a text/event-stream without using event listeners?
Software Recommendations
Web scraping tool/software available for free?
Recommendations for web scraping tools that require minimal installation
Web Applications
The following question is about a different result, #N/A Could not fetch URL
Inability to use IMPORTHTML in Google sheets
Similar questions
Some of this questions might be closed as duplicate of this one
Importing javascript table into Google Docs spreadsheet
Importxml Imported Content Empty
scrape table using google app scripts
One answer includes Google Apps Script code using the URL Fetch Service
Capture element using ImportXML with XPath
How to import Javascript tables into Google spreadsheet?
Scrape the current share price data from the ASX
One of the answers includes Google Apps Script code to get data from a JSON source
Guidance on webscraping using Google Sheets
How to Scrape data from Indiegogo.com in google sheets via IMPORTXML formula
Why importxml and importhtml not working here?
Google Sheet use Importxml error could not fetch url
One answer includes Google Apps Script code using the URL Fetch Service
Google Sheets - Pull Data for investment portfolio
Extracting value from API/Webpage
IMPORTXML shows an error while scraping data from website
One answer shows the xhr request found using browser developer tools
Replacing =ImportHTML with URLFetchApp
One answer includes Google Apps Script code using the URL Fetch Service
How to use IMPORTXML to import hidden div tag?
Google Sheet Web-scraping ImportXml Xpath on Yahoo Finance doesn't works with french stock
One of the answers includes Google Apps Script code to get data from a JSON source. As of January 4th 2023, it's not longer working, very likely because Yahoo! Finance is now encrying the JSON. See the Tainake's answer to How to pull Yahoo Finance Historical Price Data from its Object with Google Apps Script? for script using Crypto.js to handle this.
How to fetch data which is loaded by the ajax (asynchronous) method after the web page has already been loaded using apps script?
One answer suggest to read the data from the server instead of scraping from a webpage.
Using ImportXML to pull data
Extracting data from web page using Cheerio Library
One answer suggest the use of an API and Google Apps Script
ImportXML is good for basic tasks, but it won't get you too far if you are serious in scraping:
The approach only works with the most basic websites (no SPAs rendered in browsers can be scraped this way. Any basic web scraping protection or connectivity issue breaks the process, and there isn't any control over HTTP request geo location, or number of retries) - and Yahoo Finance is not a simple website
If the target website data requires some cleanup post-processing, it's getting very complicated since you are now "programming with Excel formulas", rather a painful process compared to regular code writing in conventional programming languages
There isn't any proper launch and cache control, so the function can be triggered occasionally and if the HTTP request fails, cells will be populated with ERR! values
I recommend using proper tools (automation framework and scraping engine which can render JavaScript-powered websites) and use Google Sheets just for basic storage purposes:
https://youtu.be/uBC752CWTew (Pipedream for automation and ScrapeNinja engine for scraping)
we have an Outlook Add-in for generating automatic greetings. The add-in is for VSTO and used C#.
Now, we want the same for the Office Web version. I searched a lot on that but cannot find how we can insert text inside the editable area(before signature) when a user composes new mail or reply/ReplyAll to a mail. Can anybody please guide me through this?
I have read from Microsoft here that I can embed an excel sheet in a webpage. I have also read where I can embed a visio instance. Does anyone know if I can create a website that uses an excel instance and visio instance that is unique to each user's experience and draws from their custom database.
For example: say I have a pre-formatted excel sheet with fixed columns and I ask for the user to import their report card, and they do so. The database stores their report card information and outputs it to the excel spreadsheet instance.
Is this a possibility or can I only embed one single excel workbook that will be linked to the master and can not be customized for each user's experience of my webpage/web app?
It would be really cool if I could do the same with Visio as well. I have tried to find an exact answer to this, but I can not get a clearly defined differentiation of whether or not I can get unique instances, or whether all must be viewing the same master document.
You may need some non-free office server product to be able to do that (edit excel docs online). That can be SharePoint, OneDrive for Business (which is basically just another name for SharePoint), or Office Online server (the underlying technology).
Given that you have that in place, the rest is pretty easy - you can create a document per user, and just display it in IFRAME (you can google "WopiFrame" on how to do that exactly).
On the server, in principle, you can bind your Excel sheets to Visio drawings. So that when you edit the sheet, corresponding Visio drawing view is updated. Keep in mind, that is probably possible within a single SharePoint site.
Means, from M$ side, probably the assumed approach could be, you embed Excel and Visio frames in a web page, then embed that page into a SharePoint site, then host that on SharePoint online, and then pay for that on regular basis :)
If you don't want SharePoint, you can still go with Office Online to enable Excel editing in IFRAME on your own site; but here you'll loose Visio rendering, as it's only available in SP. And you'll need to build you own API. AFAIK, viewing office docs is free, editing is not (requires end-user office licensing). In case you would like to go this path, you could start over here: https://wopi.readthedocs.io/
Given Excel online is an excellent spread sheet implementation for the web, it would be desirable to use it as a spread sheet component in web applications.
We are using an angularjs frontend and an ASP.NET backend and would like to use Excel online essentially as a spread sheet component inlined into the web app.
Browsing the web, I don't see any suggestion on how to integrate Excel online into my own web application. Has anyone managed to do it?
We can use WOPI protocol to integrate with Office Online in our web application. Here are two figures show you how it works:
And you can get a sample code to implement the WOPI server from here. And below are some helpful links for you get started:
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/officedevdocs/2013/03/21/introducing-wopi/
https://wopi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/