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How can I retrieve a value in jquery with a button click?

I have the following code:
jQuery
$(document).ready(function(){
$('input[name="new_tax_button_post_tag"]').click(function(){
value = $('input[name="post_tag"]').val();
$("#fieldID3").val(value);
});
});
and I want it change:
HTML
<input type="text" id="fieldID3" name="changeme"value="n/a">
The problem is that the click itself is what creates the value, so I have to click the button twice to get the desired results. The first click creates the value. The second click sets the value in the field.
How do I make it so that it does it in one click?
It's like which came first the chicken or the egg.....

I write jquery on the basis of ID of button and textbox,
and also remove value from following input field,
<input type="text" id="fieldID3" name="changeme">
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#new_tax_button_post_tag").click(function(){
value = $("#post_tag").val();
$("#fieldID3").val(value);
});
});
I hope this useful for you.

How to get a string input and store it into a var

I know it's simple and there's probably something wrong with my syntax but I just don't understated it. I'm talking about the following:
//declaration of a string
var str_input = "";
//this is supposed to get the new inputs and to store them in str_input
$(document).ready(function(){
str_input = $('input[name=po]').val();
});
//this is on html side, this should make an input field where the user to type in the needed
<input type"text" name = 'po' id="po" value="asd">
That's it, can you help me to sort it out? The problem so far is that str_input is undefined regardless of what is written in the input, though, it saves its initial value.

Your html tag is invalid:
<input type"text" name = 'po' id="po" value="asd">
Should be:
<input type="text" name = 'po' id="po" value="asd">
// ^ Missing this character (=)

Ok, Now I understood, you can do 2 things, first, you can create a button than when the user clicks it calls the function to store the value in the variable like this:
var str_input = "";
//this is supposed to get the new inputs and to store them in str_input
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#MyButton").click(function(){
str_input = $('input[name=po]').val();
})
});
//this is on html side, this should make an input field where the user to type in the needed
<input type"text" name = 'po' id="po" value="asd">
<input type="button" id="MyButton" value="Click Here" />
Or the blur function when the user lose focus of the input text like this:
var str_input = "";
//this is supposed to get the new inputs and to store them in str_input
$(document).ready(function(){
$('input[name=po]').blur(function(){
str_input = $('input[name=po]').val();
})
});
//this is on html side, this should make an input field where the user to type in the needed
<input type"text" name = 'po' id="po" value="asd">

Ok, so here is the solution, though it's a little bit in "from Alf to Alf" style. So, yes, the code I've posted in the main post uses correctly the 'by default' value of the input but the problem comes from that nothing is checking for further changes in the input text field. I'm using $(document).ready... which as far as I know runs during the web project is opened and of course enables the use of some jquery methods within it. There is an interesting function called .change() which actually put the whole thing up for me. Take a glance at the following:
$(document).ready(function(){
$('input[type="text"]').change(function(){
str_input = $('input[name=polynom]').val();;
});
str_input = $('input[name=polynom]').val();
});
The second, third and fourth line make the magic actually, where the code in the .change() method updates str_input on each time a change have appeared in the input box field, whereas the str_input = $('input[name=polynom]').val(); outside of change() takes into account the initial value of the input. That's it... I knew I was forgetting something and yeah...
P.S. Another approach is to use a function and a button (a.k.a. an event-triggered function) which to 'update' the str_input on event. For this way check the post bellow this one.

jQuery - Change name of an input field by using value of another input field filled at the same time

I'm working on a dynamic form where you can add or delete fields, Here you can find the fiddle
The first button you find is Add Metric. From this the code generates:
Input Field Metric
Button Add Tag
Inside this field a user can add a tag with the button Add Tag, generated when you click add Metric. When you click Add Tag button, two fields are generated:
Input Field Id
Input Field Value
The Html code that I need to generate in order to serialize the entire form (this is not however the question point) will result like this:
<input type="text" name="metrics[0][name]" value="Text 0"> // Metric
<input type="text" id="TagId0" name=" "> //Tag Id
<input type="text" id="TagValue" name="metrics[0][tags][][0]">
Problem:
I need that (when I fill the field with id="TagId0") the value I select will go immediately to the field name with id="TagValue". This field must result like this:
Consider I write on TagId0 the word "hello", field will become:
<input type="text" id="TagValue" name="metrics[0][tags][hello][0]">
How, if it's possible, it can be done?
Thanks

You can use the change method to detect a change in the fields value. Then use the attr method to change the name. Hope I understood correctly. Here is the modified JSFIDDLE.
$(document).on('change', '#InputsWrapper .inputID', function(){
thisVal = $(this).val();
thisName = $(this).siblings('.inputVal').attr('name');
newName = thisName.replace('[tags][', '[tags][' + thisVal);
$(this).siblings('.inputVal').attr('name', newName);
});
Don't forget to press enter after change the field value :)
Edit: I also added two classes to the fields you are appending. .inputID and .inputVal. I hope this helps!

you can write id of field something like TagId-0 and some common class like tagfield,so that u can split the value to get the index an then access it using the class
$(".tagfield").keypress(function() {
var id=parseInt($(this).attr("id").split("-"));
$(this).siblings().attr("name","metrics["+id+"][tags]["+$(this).val()+"][0]");
});

Rails javascript; alert to fire when leaving a field

My ultimate goal is to add some validation to a set of date fields. However, my javascript sucks, so I'm starting small.
I am starting out by trying to get an alert message when a user leaves a field.
(For simplicity I'm just doing it all in my view...) Heres what I go to work...
# html.erb-template
<div class="from_date">
From Date
<input type="text" id="from_date" name="from_date"></input>
</div>
<script>
$("#from_date").blur( function() {
alert("boom!");
});
</script>

Your code seems to be fine - problem is that class and id are named the same, but you want to watch the input field not the surrounding div.
I just made a fiddle from your script and changed
the listener to be attached to the input field's id - and it's working.
the alert into a console.log
see
$("#from_date").blur(function() {.....
// instead of
$(".from_date").blur(function() {.....

How to make Mootools get('html') including values of inputfields

When I have HTML input fields and a change them by direct input they should actually change there value attribute. But when I try to get the whole HTML record it just shows the old value attributes.
Somehow this is clear to me, couse the HTML is not overwritten, but I need the HTML containing the changed input values. How can I approach it?
Example:
$('input').addEvent('blur', function(){
alert($('adiv').get('html'));
});
<div id="adiv">Enter something in input box and press tab<div>....<input id="input" type="text" value="1">the mootools will grep the old value of 1 again....</div></div>
http://jsfiddle.net/hJtzc/1/
alerts allways:
> Enter something in input box and press tab<div>....<input id="input"
> type="text" value="1">the mootools will grep the old value of 1
> again....</div>
but what I need to get is:
> Enter something in input box and press tab<div>....<input id="input"
> type="text" value="[VALUE FROM USER]">the mootools will grep the old
> value of 1 again....</div>

Attribute value in HTML sets initial, default value of the element, DOM property value contains the actual, real value of the element . To change the default value of input element change defaultValue property:
$('input').addEvent('blur', function(){
this.defaultValue = this.value;
alert($('adiv').get('html'));
});
This is normal behavior that is not related to mootools framework