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How to fade out text using JavaScript or jQuery and then bring it back

I am new to JavaScript/jQuery and what I want to do is to fade out text and when the opacity is zero, I want to bring back the text with the same effect. I am leaning towards some kind of if statement and the fade in effect, but don't manage to understand how to put it all together. Any tips for how this could be done using jQuery would be appreciated.
function hideText() {
var fadeText = document.getElementById("fadeTextp");
fadeText.style.opacity = 0;
fadeText.addEventListener("transitionend", function(e) {
alert("The text is hidden, but how can I now get it back with same effect?")
}, false);
}
.fade {
opacity: 1;
transition: opacity 2.25s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: opacity 2.25s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: opacity 2.25s ease-in-out;
}
<p id="fadeTextp" class="fade" onclick="hideText();">
Fade out this text and then bring it back when clicked again.
</p>

I'm not sure what your overall goal is, but there are lots of ways to do this kind of thing. Some could use only CSS, some could use JavaScript, some could use both. I'll do a "both" example.
Note: It would probably be better to use one or the other - so you don't define the transition time in both places.
Note: jQuery has animation support built in. See the answer from #Twisty for a jQuery example and links to their docs.
var transitionTime = 2250;
var faderTimeout = null; // keep track of this to cancel it if multiple events happen
var fadeText = document.getElementById("fadeTextp");
function hideText() {
fadeText.classList.remove('out');
fadeText.classList.add('out');
window.clearTimeout(faderTimeout);
faderTimeout = window.setTimeout(() => {
fadeText.classList.remove('out');
}, transitionTime);
}
.fade {
opacity: 1;
transition: opacity 2.25s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: opacity 2.25s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: opacity 2.25s ease-in-out;
}
.fade.out {
opacity: 0;
}
<p id="fadeTextp" class="fade" onclick="hideText();">
Fade out this text and then bring it back when clicked again.
</p>

Here's a jQuery example since you asked for jQuery. You need a container with some height to be able to click again for the text to come back. If you don't have this container then the thing you add a "click" event listener to is not available to click anymore.
I use the :visible selector to see if the text is visible and if so fadeOut and if it's not visible then fadeIn.
let fadeTextp = $("#fadeTextp");
$("#fadeTextContainer").on("click", () => {
if (fadeTextp.is(":visible")) {
fadeTextp.fadeOut()
} else {
fadeTextp.fadeIn()
}
});
#fadeTextContainer {
height: 50px;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="fadeTextContainer">
<p id="fadeTextp">
Fade out this text and then bring it back when clicked again.
</p>
</div>

Here is a quick jQuery Example.
$(function() {
$(".fade").click(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$this.fadeOut(600, function() {
$this.fadeIn(600);
});
});
});
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<p id="fadeTextp" class="fade">
Fade out this text and then bring it back when clicked again.
</p>
This uses .fadeOut() and cascades a callback to .fadeIn().
See more:
https://api.jquery.com/fadeout/
https://api.jquery.com/fadein/
You can also animate the visibility.
$(function() {
$(".fade").click(function(e) {
var t = $(this);
if (t.hasClass("out")) {
t.animate({
opacity: 1
}, 600);
t.removeClass("out");
} else {
t.animate({
opacity: 0
}, 600);
t.addClass("out");
}
});
});
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<p id="fadeTextp" class="fade">Fade out this text and then bring it back when clicked again.</p>

Opacity transition works on fade out, but not fade in

This is frustrating me to no end. Before I post the code, here's a summary:
The goal, in simple terms: when I double click X, I want it to fade out; when I click Y, I want X to fade in.
The method: I'm using CSS to create the actual fade-in and fade-out "animations." I'm using JavaScript to apply the classes when necessary using a little trickery.
The problem: the fade-in transition doesn't work -- the element just appears instantly. What is driving me insane is the fact that the fade-in, when instantly added back onto a faded-out object, works perfectly. I'll explain this better as a comment in the JS code.
(Yes, I've added opacity: 1 and transition: opacity onto the base elements. It had no effect at all.)
The code:
CSS
*.fade-out {
opacity: 0;
transition: opacity 400ms;
}
*.fade-in {
opacity: 1;
transition: opacity 400ms;
}
*.hide {
display: none;
visibility: hidden;
}
JavaScript
$( '#ArtistEmblem' ).on( 'dblclick', function() {
fadeOut($( '#ArtistEmblem' ));
fadeIn($( '#btnShowLogo' ));
});
$( '#btnShowLogo' ).on( 'click', function() {
fadeOut($( '#btnShowLogo' ));
fadeIn($( '#ArtistEmblem' ));
});
function fadeOut(element) {
element.addClass( 'fade-out' );
setTimeout( function () {
element.addClass( 'hide' );
/*
* I tried immediately adding the 'fade-in' class here
* and it worked -- as soon as the element faded out, it faded
* back in (using the CSS transition). However, outside of this,
* it REFUSES to work; everything appears instantly
*/
console.log('timer triggered');
}, 400);
}
function fadeIn(element) {
element.removeClass( 'hide' );
element.removeClass( 'fade-out' );
element.addClass( 'fade-in' );
}
Relevant HTML
<div id="ArtistEmblem">
<img src="img/logo_artist_2.png" />
</div>
<div id="PopMenu" class="collapse">
<article>
<header>
<b>Debug Menu</b>
</header>
<section>
<button id="btnOpenOverlay">Open Overlay</button>
<button id="btnShowLogo" class="hide">Show Logo</button>
<button id="btnClose">Close Menu</button>
</section>
</article>
</div>
I apologize if this is something obvious but I've wasted far too much time trying to solve it. I am also open to better, faster, or more efficient solutions if that would be the best answer. Thanks in advance!

The problem is that the initial opacity of "hidden" element is 1 by default. You just need to set it to 0. And also remove display: none –
*.hide {
opacity: 0;
}
Also I would do a little refactoring and remove setTimeout:
$('#ArtistEmblem').on('click', function() {
fade($('#btnShowLogo'), $(this));
});
$('#btnShowLogo').on('click', function() {
fade($('#ArtistEmblem'), $(this));
});
function fade(inElement, outElement) {
inElement.removeClass('hide');
inElement.addClass('fade-in');
outElement.removeClass('fade-in');
outElement.addClass('fade-out');
}
If you don't want the hidden element to occupy space and you want it to be displayed-none, then you need to set display: block before starting the fadeOut.

I know you're asking for a JS heavy answer, but I highly recommend toggling a class of "active", "open" or something similar and using CSS with the transition. Less is more here.
Here's an example fiddle of something I've transitions not only the opacity, but also the z-index. That's the key with these transitions if you intend on having any elements below such as buttons that require hovering, clicking, etc.
JS Fiddle
Key parts:
.container {
z-index: -1;
opacity: 0;
transition: z-index .01s 1s, opacity 1s;
}
.container.active {
transition: z-index 0s, opacity 1s;
z-index: 500;
opacity: 1;
}
EDIT
I was just messing around with this type of thing for my own project, and observing how beautiful Stripe handles their navigation bar. Something so simple changes everything, and that's pointer-events. If you're okay with its support, (notable no ie. 10) this is infinitely easier to integrate. Here's another fiddle of the simulation in a nav bar.
The key part is pointer-events: none, as it ignores click events if set to none, almost as if it wasn't there, yet visibly it is. I highly recommend this.
https://jsfiddle.net/joshmoxey/dd2sts7d/1/

Here is an example using Javascript Animate API. Animate API is not supported in IE/Edge though.
var element = document.getElementById("fade-in-out")
var button = document.getElementById("x")
button.addEventListener("click", function(event) {
element.animate([{opacity: 1, visibility: "visible"},{opacity: 0, visibility: "hidden"}], {duration: 2000})
setTimeout(function() { element.remove() }, 2000)
})
button.addEventListener("dblclick", function(event) {
element && element.animate([{opacity: 0}, {opacity: 1}], {duration: 2000})
})
<input id="x" type="button" value="Click here" />
<div id="fade-in-out"> FADE ME </div>

On hover add / remove class - not always working

I'm implementing some animation by adding and removing classes to an element on mouseover and mouseout. I'm using this method as I found using CSS alone was not reliable; the animation would not complete if the mouse exited the element before the animation finished.
So I have the following code:
<div class="one flip-container">
<div class="flipper">
<div class="front">
<!-- front content -->
</div>
<div class="back">
<!-- back content -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
jQuery(".flip-container").hover(function () {
jQuery(this).addClass("hover");
},function () {
jQuery(this).delay(2000).queue(function(){
jQuery(this).removeClass("hover");
});
});
</script>
<style>
.flip-container.hover .flipper {
transform: rotateY(180deg);
}
.flipper {
transition: 0.6s;
transform-style: preserve-3d;
position: relative;
}
</style>
This works but sometimes the class 'hover' is not removed, it stays, leaving the element in its animated state. Any idea how to make this more reliable?

Try using mouseenter and then set a timeout function to remove the class that way you wont be adding and removing classes except once each time the mouse enters the area. Also you may want to check to see if the area already has the class to avoid the function from being executed too many times like so:
jQuery(".flip-container").mouseenter(function () {
var el = jQuery(this);
if(!el.hasClass("hover")){
el.addClass("hover");
setTimeout(function(){
el.removeClass("hover");
}, 2000);
}
});
Here is a working fiddle Fiddle Demo

Transition both ways between text elements

I have two paragraphs (lets say with id "p1" and "p2")
I would like to transition from one to another when a link is clicked, and vice versa when a different link is clicked. They are located on the same page but only one is displayed at a time (using javascript to hide one then display the other when the link is clicked).
Both paragraphs have "hidden page" as their classes.
Would the css resemble something like this?
.hidden {
opacity: 0;
display: none;
transition: opacity 1s linear;
}
.page {
transition: opacity 1s linear;
opacity: 1;
}
I know it's not that but would it be something similar?
EDIT:
Link to the gist of the css, js, and html files
https://gist.github.com/EricHanLiu/a4b09862f2d25b6c6e5f
edited out some things like name phone# email etc, but the main focus of is on the two paragraphs in the middle

If you are trying to fade in one paragraph when clicking on a link and faded the other one out if it is visible then you can do something like the following:
Live Preview
HTML:
<a id="first" href="#p1">1</a> <a id="second" href="#p2">2</a>
<div class="fadeIn">
<p id="p1" class="hidden">I am the first paragraph.</p>
</div>
<div class="fadeIn">
<p id="p2" class="hidden">I am the second paragraph.</p>
</div>
CSS:
.hidden {
opacity: 0;
}
/*fade in transition css below*/
.fadeIn p {
-webkit-transition: opacity 2.0s ease-in;
-moz-transition: opacity 2.0s ease-in;
-o-transition: opacity 2.0s ease-in;
}
.fadeIn p.clicked {
opacity: 1;
}
JavaScript:
//helper function to select the element by id
function $(id){
return document.getElementById(id);
}
//on click event for first
$("first").addEventListener("click",function(event){
//prevent page refresh or navigation
event.preventDefault();
$("p1").classList.add("clicked");
$("p2").classList.remove("clicked")
});
//on click event for second
$("second").addEventListener("click",function(event){
//prevent page refresh or navigation
event.preventDefault();
$("p1").classList.remove("clicked");
$("p2").classList.add("clicked");
});

As you said, you need two links to trigger the two paragraphs, respectively.
Here's my simple solution to your problem. I am not that sure that this is what you are looking for. But hopefully this helps!
<div>
<p class="show" id="p1">Paragraph 1</p>
<p class="hidden" id="p2">Paragraph 2</p>
Show Paragraph 1
Show Paragraph 2
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var sb1 = document.getElementById('sb1');
var sb2 = document.getElementById('sb2');
var p1 = document.getElementById('p1');
var p2 = document.getElementById('p2');
sb1.addEventListener('click', function() {
p1.classList.remove('hidden');
p1.classList.add('show');
p2.classList.remove('show');
p2.classList.add('hidden');
});
sb2.addEventListener('click', function() {
p1.classList.remove('show');
p1.classList.add('hidden');
p2.classList.remove('hidden');
p2.classList.add('show');
});
</script>
In the script above, I just switched the respective classes on the two paragraphs.
There a lot of solution to this, you can use jQuery to simplify this solution.

jQuery hover animation efficiency

I've got my hover working - but i'm interested in trying to make it more efficient as it does seems to 'lag' when it's finding the .overlay div. I also had the issue where I was animating all .overlay divs on a page, which I consider to be quite a noob mistake.
Anyway, let's learn how to make the below better!
jQuery:
// get aside feature
var aside_feature = $('aside .feature');
// on hover, fade it in
$( aside_feature ).hover(function() {
// get the overlay div
var feature_overlay = $(this).find('.overlay');
$(feature_overlay).stop().fadeIn();
// on hover out, fade it out
}, function() {
$(this).find('.overlay').stop().fadeOut();
});
Markup:
<aside>
<div class="feature">
<div class="overlay">
button
</div><!-- overlay -->
<div class="text">
<p>text</p>
</div><!-- .text-->
<div class="image">
<figure>
<img src="" alt="">
</figure>
</div><!-- .image -->
</div><!-- .feature -->
</aside><!-- aside -->
Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/9xRML/5/
Edit - Final Code
Thanks #Shomz, and #Afro.
Final code choices were to use tranisitons, and coupled with modernizr detection for transitions, I changed my hidden overlay div to opacity: 0; *display:none; and javascript as a fallback:
CSS
.overlay {
*display: none;
opacity: 0;
transition: 0.4s all linear;
}
.overlay:hover {
opacity: 1;
}
jQuery
$(function () {
/*=====================================
= Feature overlay =
=====================================*/
if (!Modernizr.csstransitions) {
// get aside feature
var aside_feature = $('aside .feature');
// on hover, fade it in
$( aside_feature ).hover(function() {
$(this).find('.overlay').stop(true, true).fadeIn();
// on hover out, fade it out
}, function() {
$(this).find('.overlay').stop(true, true).fadeOut();
});
}
});

With risking of having my answer out of scope here, if you want to really get performance, you should switch to CSS animations. It's totally possible with your example by setting the default opacity of the overlay to 0 (instead of display: none;) and making it show up on .feature:hover. The trick is to add the transition property like this:
// applies a 4ms transition to any possible property with no easing
transition: all .4s linear;
See the whole example here: http://jsfiddle.net/9xRML/6/
See a nice article about the performance difference (CSS vs. JS) here: http://css3.bradshawenterprises.com/blog/jquery-vs-css3-transitions/ (there are many more, of course)

I think I have solved your issue using the same HTML but changing the following:
JQuery
$('aside .feature').hover(function() {
$(this).find('.overlay').stop(true, true).fadeIn();
}, function() {
$(this).find('.overlay').stop(true, true).fadeOut();
});
CSS
.feature {
background: #ccc;
}
.overlay {
display: none;
}
This means the overlay will only display on hover.
Details on .stop() can be found here.
.stop(true, true)
We can create a nice fade effect without the common problem of multiple queued animations by adding .stop(true, true) to the chain.
DEMO