We Keep Coding

Highlighting characters in an HTML element on keypress

I am trying to make a typing game in javascript with jQuery but facing a issue.
How can I highlight the character the user types when they type it?
I have example in my div
<div id="theWord">tjurkey</div>
When the user starts typing "tj.." it should highlight t, then j, as they type it.
Currently I am stuck here:
$("body").keypress(function(e) {
if (e.which !== 0) {
var t = String.fromCharCode(e.which);
if ( t != undefined){ wordContainer += t.replace("undefined",""); }
if ( wordContainer == theWord){
alert("You typed the word" + theWord);
}
}
});
Ex. the word is "Tjurkey", if user start typing P it shouldn't highlight anything, because It's TJurkey and not P.
If user types "T" to start with it should highlight the "T" like Tjurkey, if user type "a" after that it shouldn't highlight it, because the word is Tjurkey and not Ta.... when the user then type j it should hightlight the j, because the word is TJ...urkey.. got the point?

Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/cVaHb/
var $target = $('#theWord'),
t = ''
$("body").keypress(function(e) {
if (e.which !== 0) {
t += String.fromCharCode(e.which);
var text = $target.text(),
pos = text.search(t);
if(pos > -1){
$target.html(
text.substring(0,pos)
+'<span class="highlight">'+t+'</span>'
+text.substring(pos+t.length)
);
}else{
$target.text(text);
}
}
});
CSS:
.highlight {
background: yellow;
}
Edit: If you want to ignore wrong letters, you can use
var $target = $('#theWord'),
t = ''
$("body").keypress(function(e) {
if (e.which !== 0) {
var newt = t + String.fromCharCode(e.which);
var text = $target.text(),
pos = text.search(newt);
if(pos > -1){
t = newt;
$target.html(text.substring(0,pos)+'<span class="highlight">'+t+'</span>'+text.substring(pos+t.length));
}
}
});
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/cVaHb/1/

Here, to get you started
var t = "";
var word = $("#theWord").text();
$("body").keypress(function (e) {
if (e.which !== 0) {
t += String.fromCharCode(e.which);
if (word.substring(0, t.length) == t) {
$("#theWord").html("<span class='highlight'>" + t +"</span>"+ word.substring(t.length));
}
else
{
t=t.substring(0,t.length - 1);
}
}
});
check it out here:
http://jsfiddle.net/zahirdhada/UBbF7/1/

You can get the typed characters and find the starting and ending points of those in your string. Then you have to wrap that text with a span
ex: if user typed tj you should write a script to fill
<div id="theWord"><span style="color:red">tj</span>urkey</div>

Capitalize first letter of words in sentence, except on manual replacement

I have an input field that the user will fill in and I want to automatically capitalize the first letter of each word as they're typing. However, if they manually delete a capital letter and replace it with a lower case, I want that to remain (basically capitalizing the letters is what we recommend, but not required). I'm having trouble implementing something that will leave the letters they manually typed alone and not change them.
Here is the code I have along with a Jsfiddle link to it.
<input class="capitalize" />
and JS:
lastClick = 0;
$(document).ready(function() {
$(".capitalize").keyup(function() {
var key = event.keyCode || event.charCode;
if (!(lastClick == 8 || lastClick == 46)) {
//checks if last click was delete or backspace
str = $(this).val();
//Replace first letter of each word with upper-case version.
$(this).val(str.replace(/\w\S*/g, function(txt){return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();}));
}
lastClick = key;
});
});
I haven't allowed for preserving the user's manual corrections, but as it is you can see in the jsfiddle that the input jumps around and doesn't work correctly. Can anyone help me or recommend a best way to do this? Thank you.

$(document).ready(function() {
var last;
$(".capitalize").on('keyup', function(event) {
var key = event.keyCode || event.which,
pos = this.value.length,
value = this.value;
if (pos == 1 || last == 32 && (last !== 8 || last !== 46)) {
this.value = value.substring(0, pos - 1) +
value.substring(pos - 1).toUpperCase();
}
last = key;
});
});
http://jsfiddle.net/userdude/tsUnH/1

$(document).ready(function() {
$(".capitalize")
.keyup(function(event) {
var key = event.keyCode || event.charCode;
// store the key which was just pressed
$(this).data('last-key', key);
})
.keypress(function(event) {
var key = event.keyCode || event.charCode;
var lastKey = $(this).data('last-key') ? $(this).data('last-key') : 0; // we store the previous action
var $this = $(this); // local reference to the text input
var str = $this.val(); // local copy of what our value is
var pos = str.length;
if(null !== String.fromCharCode(event.which).match(/[a-z]/g)) {
if ((pos == 0 || str.substr(pos - 1) == " ") && (!(lastKey == 8 || lastKey == 46))) {
event.preventDefault();
$this.val($this.val() + String.fromCharCode(event.which).toUpperCase());
}
}
// store the key which was just pressed
$(this).data('last-key', key);
});
});
I have updated your fiddle http://jsfiddle.net/nB4cj/4/ which will show this working.

Convert first letter to uppercase on input box

JS Bin demo
This regex transform each lower case word to upper case. I have a full name input field. I do want the user to see that each word's first letter he/she pressed is converted to uppercase in the input field.
I have no idea how to properly replace the selected characters in the current input field.
$('input').on('keypress', function(event) {
var $this = $(this),
val = $this.val(),
regex = /\b[a-z]/g;
val = val.toLowerCase().replace(regex, function(letter) {
return letter.toUpperCase();
});
// I want this value to be in the input field.
console.log(val);
});

Given i.e: const str = "hello world" to become Hello world
const firstUpper = str.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + str.substr(1);
or:
const firstUpper = str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.substr(1);
or:
const firstUpper = str[0] + str.substr(1);

input {
text-transform: capitalize;
}
http://jsfiddle.net/yuMZq/1/
Using text-transform would be better.

You can convert the first letter to Uppercase and still avoid the annoying problem of the cursor jumping to the beginning of the line, by checking the caret position and resetting the caret position. I do this on a form by defining a few functions, one for all Uppercase, one for Proper Case, one for only Initial Uppercase... Then two functions for the Caret Position, one that gets and one that sets:
function ProperCase(el) {
pos = getInputSelection(el);
s = $(el).val();
s = s.toLowerCase().replace(/^(.)|\s(.)|'(.)/g,
function($1) { return $1.toUpperCase(); });
$(el).val(s);
setCaretPosition(el,pos.start);
}
function UpperCase(el) {
pos = getInputSelection(el);
s = $(el).val();
s = s.toUpperCase();
$(el).val(s);
setCaretPosition(el,pos.start);
}
function initialCap(el) {
pos = getInputSelection(el);
s = $(el).val();
s = s.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + s.substr(1);
$(el).val(s);
setCaretPosition(el,pos.start);
}
/* GETS CARET POSITION */
function getInputSelection(el) {
var start = 0, end = 0, normalizedValue, range,
textInputRange, len, endRange;
if (typeof el.selectionStart == 'number' && typeof el.selectionEnd == 'number') {
start = el.selectionStart;
end = el.selectionEnd;
} else {
range = document.selection.createRange();
if (range && range.parentElement() == el) {
len = el.value.length;
normalizedValue = el.value.replace(/\r\n/g, "\n");
// Create a working TextRange that lives only in the input
textInputRange = el.createTextRange();
textInputRange.moveToBookmark(range.getBookmark());
// Check if the start and end of the selection are at the very end
// of the input, since moveStart/moveEnd doesn't return what we want
// in those cases
endRange = el.createTextRange();
endRange.collapse(false);
if (textInputRange.compareEndPoints("StartToEnd", endRange) > -1) {
start = end = len;
} else {
start = -textInputRange.moveStart("character", -len);
start += normalizedValue.slice(0, start).split("\n").length - 1;
if (textInputRange.compareEndPoints("EndToEnd", endRange) > -1) {
end = len;
} else {
end = -textInputRange.moveEnd("character", -len);
end += normalizedValue.slice(0, end).split("\n").length - 1;
}
}
}
}
return {
start: start,
end: end
};
}
/* SETS CARET POSITION */
function setCaretPosition(el, caretPos) {
el.value = el.value;
// ^ this is used to not only get "focus", but
// to make sure we don't have it everything -selected-
// (it causes an issue in chrome, and having it doesn't hurt any other browser)
if (el !== null) {
if (el.createTextRange) {
var range = el.createTextRange();
range.move('character', caretPos);
range.select();
return true;
}
else {
// (el.selectionStart === 0 added for Firefox bug)
if (el.selectionStart || el.selectionStart === 0) {
el.focus();
el.setSelectionRange(caretPos, caretPos);
return true;
}
else { // fail city, fortunately this never happens (as far as I've tested) :)
el.focus();
return false;
}
}
}
}
Then on document ready I apply a keyup event listener to the fields I want to be checked, but I only listen for keys that can actually modify the content of the field (I skip "Shift" key for example...), and if user hits "Esc" I restore the original value of the field...
$('.updatablefield', $('#myform')).keyup(function(e) {
myfield=this.id;
myfieldname=this.name;
el = document.getElementById(myfield);
// or the jquery way:
// el = $(this)[0];
if (e.keyCode == 27) { // if esc character is pressed
$('#'+myfield).val(original_field_values[myfield]); // I stored the original value of the fields in an array...
// if you only need to do the initial letter uppercase, you can apply it here directly like this:
initialCap(el);
} // end if (e.keyCode == 27)
// if any other character is pressed that will modify the field (letters, numbers, symbols, space, backspace, del...)
else if (e.keyCode == 8||e.keycode == 32||e.keyCode > 45 && e.keyCode < 91||e.keyCode > 95 && e.keyCode < 112||e.keyCode > 185 && e.keyCode < 223||e.keyCode == 226) {
// if you only need to do the initial letter uppercase, you can apply it here directly like this:
initialCap(el);
} // end else = if any other character is pressed //
}); // end $(document).keyup(function(e)
You can see a working fiddle of this example here: http://jsfiddle.net/ZSDXA/

Simply put:
$this.val(val);
$(document).ready(function() {
$('input').on('keypress', function(event) {
var $this = $(this),
val = $this.val();
val = val.toLowerCase().replace(/\b[a-z]/g, function(letter) {
return letter.toUpperCase();
});
console.log(val);
$this.val(val);
});
});
As #roXon has shown though, this can be simplified:
$(document).ready(function() {
//alert('ready');
$('input').on('keypress', function(event) {
var $this = $(this),
val = $this.val();
val = val.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + val.substr(1).toLowerCase();
$this.val(val);
});
});
An alternative, and better solution in my opinion, would be to only style the element as being capitalized, and then do your logic server side.
This removes the overhead of any javascript, and ensures the logic is handled server side (which it should be anyway!)

$('input').on('keyup', function(event) {
$(this).val(function(i, v){
return v.replace(/[a-zA-Z]/, function(c){
return c.toUpperCase();
})
})
});
http://jsfiddle.net/AbxVx/

This will do for every textfield call function on keyup
where id is id of your textfield and value is value you type in textfield
function capitalizeFirstLetter(value,id)
{
if(value.length>0){
var str= value.replace(value.substr(0,1),value.substr(0,1).toUpperCase());
document.getElementById(id).value=str;
}
}

only use this This work for first name in capital char
style="text-transform:capitalize;
Like
<asp:TextBox ID="txtName" style="text-transform:capitalize;" runat="server" placeholder="Your Name" required=""></asp:TextBox>

$('.form-capitalize').keyup(function(event) {
var $this = $(this),
val = $this.val(),
regex = /\b[a-z]/g;
val = val.toLowerCase().replace(regex, function(letter) {
return letter.toUpperCase();
});
this.value = val;
// I want this value to be in the input field.
console.log(val);
});

Can I return a string into an input type: text field onkeypress?

I have a sentence defined as a list(a string? an array?- I'm not sure the correct term) that I want returned sequentially as any key is pressed. I'm trying to use .split. Here is the list and function:
var list1 = "This is a test".replace(/\s/g, "\xA0").split("")
function transformTypedChar(charStr) {
var position = $("#verse1").text().length;
if (position >= list1.length) return '';
else return list1[position];
}
Currently, the "T" from the beginning of the list is returned repeatedly, and the rest of the list is ignored. I'm calling the function as follows:
document.getElementById("verse1").onkeypress = function(evt) {
var val = this.value;
evt = evt || window.event;
// Ensure we only handle printable keys, excluding enter and space
var charCode = typeof evt.which == "number" ? evt.which : evt.keyCode;
if (charCode && charCode > 32) {
var keyChar = String.fromCharCode(charCode);
// Transform typed character
var mappedChar = transformTypedChar(keyChar);
var start, end;
if (typeof this.selectionStart == "number" && typeof this.selectionEnd ==
"number") {
// Non-IE browsers and IE 9
start = this.selectionStart;
end = this.selectionEnd;
this.value = val.slice(0, start) + mappedChar + val.slice(end);
// Move the caret
this.selectionStart = this.selectionEnd = start + 1;
} else if (document.selection && document.selection.createRange) {
// For IE up to version 8
var selectionRange = document.selection.createRange();
var textInputRange = this.createTextRange();
var precedingRange = this.createTextRange();
var bookmark = selectionRange.getBookmark();
textInputRange.moveToBookmark(bookmark);
precedingRange.setEndPoint("EndToStart", textInputRange);
start = precedingRange.text.length;
end = start + selectionRange.text.length;
this.value = val.slice(0, start) + mappedChar + val.slice(end);
start++;
// Move the caret
textInputRange = this.createTextRange();
textInputRange.collapse(true);
textInputRange.move("character", start - (this.value.slice(0,
start).split("\r\n").length - 1));
textInputRange.select();
}
return false;
}
};
How do I return the entire list, sequentially? In other words, on the first key event the "T" appears, on the second key event, the "h" appears and so on. I can achieve this in contenteditable divs, but I'm using input type: text fields as I want to autotab between.
The entire code is here: http://jsfiddle.net/NAC77/9/

Calling $(el).text() on input elements returns an empty string, you should be calling $(el).val(): http://jsfiddle.net/NAC77/10/

Block characters from input text field, mirror input into span or div

I have some html
<input type="text" name="name" value="" id="name">
<div id="preview"></div>
The rules for entry into the field:
Letters A-Z a-z 0-9 space and dash, no other characters allowed
Entry of forbidden characters should do nothing
The rules for the div:
Show each characters as it is entered into the input field
Do not show characters that are forbidden
When a space is encountered, show it as a dash
I have had various potions working, not working, or misbehaving. This version seems to work in all cases I can test other than backspace/delete is non functional. Only tested in Safari so far.
There are other "gotcha" areas, like entering in text in-between already entered text, select all, using the arrow keys, all these play a role in this problem.
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#name').keypress(function(e) {
// get key pressed
var c = String.fromCharCode(e.which);
// var d = e.keyCode? e.keyCode : e.charCode; // this seems to catch arrow and delete better than jQuery's way (e.which)
// match against allowed set and fail if no match
var allowed = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890- ';
if (e.which != 8 && allowed.indexOf(c) < 0) return false; // d !== 37 && d != 39 && d != 46 &&
// just replace spaces in the preview
window.setTimeout(function() {$('#preview').text($('#name').val().replace(/ /g, '-'));}, 1);
});
});
If there is a way to put a monetary bounty on this post, let me know. Yes, that is where I am at with this one :)

I tested the following in Firefox, Safari and Internet Explorer. Unless I didn't fully understand your objective, I believe this should solve your problem.
I ended up writing a jQuery plugin to handle the input caret position. The plugin source is included below, or available on the jQuery plugin site (http://plugins.jquery.com/project/caret-range).
$(document).ready(function () {
var InvalidPattern = /[^a-z0-9\- ]+/gi;
var SpacePattern = / /g;
var name = $("#name");
var preview = $("#preview");
var callback = function (e) {
setTimeout(function () {
// Get range and length to restore caret position
var range = name.caret();
var len = name.val().length;
// Blur element to minimize visibility of caret jumping
name.get(0).blur();
// Remove invalid characters, and update preview
name.val(name.val().replace(InvalidPattern, ""));
preview.text(name.val().replace(SpacePattern, "-"));
// Restore caret position
var diff = len - name.val().length;
name.caret(range.start - diff, range.end - diff);
}, 0);
};
name.keypress(callback);
name.keydown(callback); // Needed by IE to update preview for Delete and Backspace
});
/*
* jQuery Caret Range plugin
* Copyright (c) 2009 Matt Zabriskie
* Released under the MIT and GPL licenses.
*/
(function($) {
$.extend($.fn, {
caret: function (start, end) {
var elem = this[0];
if (elem) {
// get caret range
if (typeof start == "undefined") {
if (elem.selectionStart) {
start = elem.selectionStart;
end = elem.selectionEnd;
}
else if (document.selection) {
var val = this.val();
var range = document.selection.createRange().duplicate();
range.moveEnd("character", val.length)
start = (range.text == "" ? val.length : val.lastIndexOf(range.text));
range = document.selection.createRange().duplicate();
range.moveStart("character", -val.length);
end = range.text.length;
}
}
// set caret range
else {
var val = this.val();
if (typeof start != "number") start = -1;
if (typeof end != "number") end = -1;
if (start < 0) start = 0;
if (end > val.length) end = val.length;
if (end < start) end = start;
if (start > end) start = end;
elem.focus();
if (elem.selectionStart) {
elem.selectionStart = start;
elem.selectionEnd = end;
}
else if (document.selection) {
var range = elem.createTextRange();
range.collapse(true);
range.moveStart("character", start);
range.moveEnd("character", end - start);
range.select();
}
}
return {start:start, end:end};
}
}
});
})(jQuery);

After tinkering around I have refactored my previous solution. This version should behave identical to Twitter. I am keeping my old answer alive simply b/c it is technically valid, and this allows comparing the different approaches.
$(document).ready(function () {
var SpacePattern = / /g;
var name = $("#name");
var preview = $("#preview");
var updatePreview = function () {
preview.text(name.val().replace(SpacePattern, "-"));
};
name.keypress(function (e) {
if (e.which > 0 && // check that key code exists
e.which != 8 && // allow backspace
e.which != 32 && e.which != 45 && // allow space and dash
!(e.which >= 48 && e.which <= 57) && // allow 0-9
!(e.which >= 65 && e.which <= 90) && // allow A-Z
!(e.which >= 97 && e.which <= 122) // allow a-z
) {
e.preventDefault();
}
else {
setTimeout(updatePreview, 0);
}
});
name.keyup(updatePreview); // Needed by IE for Delete and Backspace keys
});

Try this:
1. When key down, copy the previous TextField value.
2. When key up, use RegEx to validate the text (something like /^[a-zA-Z0-9 -]*$/), if unmatch, replace the value with the old one.
Here is the code:
var ValidPattern = /^[a-zA-Z0-9\- ]*$/;
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#name').keydown(function(e) {
var aValue = $('#name').val();
$('#name').attr("oldValue", aValue);
return true;
});
$('#name').keyup(function(e) {
var aValue = $('#name').val();
var aIsMatch = aValue.search(ValidPattern) != -1;
if(aIsMatch) {
$('#preview').text(aValue);
} else {
var aOldValue = $('#name').attr("oldValue");
$('#name') .val (aOldValue);
$('#preview').text(aOldValue);
}
});
});
Try it.

I think the best method will be to keep a button and after entering the text inside the text box and clicking on the button show it in the div. It will be much more easier and user friendly.
It would be better not to try hindering the default actions of a user with the keyboard.