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What is the js code for translating app based on switch?

What can be the JavaScript code for translating app from one language to another for about 30 words, based on "switch"?

Well, it is like any other switch statement aswell, just with 30 cases. It should look something like this:
function translateWord(word) {
let result = '';
switch (word.toLowerCase()) {
case 'apfel': result = 'apple'; break;
case 'kette': result = 'chain'; break;
case 'pflanze': result = 'plant'; break;
}
return result;
}
document.getElementById('result').textContent = translateWord('Apfel');
<h1 id="result"></h1>
the function "translateWord" takes a word, in this case 'Apfel' (german word for apple). That word is passed to the switch statement and transformed to lowercase so it is not case sensitive. After the result is returned and put into the <h1>-Tags on the html page.
Now if you just want to translate 30 words, this might be an option, but common dicionaries have well over six digits of words. So you should look to use a database.
Also JSON might be an option aswell. In my opinion the better way.
const germanToEnglisch = {
word1 = 'Wort1',
word2 = 'Wort2',
word3 = 'Wort3'
};
You can now access the word you want to translate with germanToEnglisch[word1] or with germanToEnglisch.word1, both should work. This requires you to have to word implemented in the object above of course. Hope this helps, i am not sure if i understood your question correctly, as for me it is a bit vague :)

Call function saved as string on chosen object

I have something like:
var sFunction = 'my_function("param1", "param2")';
var oMyObject = ...;
And I want to combine it so the result would be equal to:
oMyObject.my_function("param1", "param2");
Would much appreciate any tips.
Remark
As many of you suggested to find a root cause and try not to deal with the problematic input here are some pieces of information about the origins of the "problem".
The sFunction comes from database, hardcoded in one of the columns. It is custom one which should be called on object retrieved basing on other parameters of sFunction's database record.
So being backed up by your comments I will try suggesting changing data model in hope that it is not too late for that. Thank you all for your help.

I am given that as an input, it may come from db or anywhere else. I just have to deal with it in described way.
As Luca noted, you're probably best off solving the problem that brought you to the point of having code in a string that you feel you need to evaluate at runtime. The number of use cases for doing that is very low.
For instance, instead of
sFunction = 'my_function("param1", "param2")';
perhaps you could have
call = {
f: "my_function",
params: ["param1", "param2"]
};
Then it's:
oMyObject[call.f].apply(oMyObject, call.params);
call could even start life as JSON text you parse -- live example:
var json =
'{' +
'"f": "my_function",' +
'"params": ["param1", "param2"]' +
'}';
var call = JSON.parse(json);
var oMyObject = {
my_function: function(p1, p2) {
console.log(p1, p2);
}
};
oMyObject[call.f].apply(oMyObject, call.params);
That's markedly safer than an arbitrary code execution.
You can do this with your sFunction (eval("oMyObject." + sFunction)), but consider:
It lets any arbitrary code in sFunction run.
If User A supplies the code and then you run it on User B's system, you're compromising User B's privacy. (I am not a lawyer, but you could be doing so in a way that violates a country's data protection or privacy laws.)
Now, if you're loading code from a DB and you know that the code in the DB can only be put there by trusted people (for instance, developers on your team, not end users of the system), that's fine, it's largely like running a script file. But there's almost certainly a better way to do it than delivering the code as a string and evaling it.
But if the code comes from "anywhere else", it's not fine; see bullet points above. The setup is fundamentally broken and better options are available. Take that information to your boss, and if necessary to his/her boss, and if necessary his/her boss, until you find someone who can change the requirement.

Here's a string hack that doesn't use eval(), but as I (and others) have said, this is not a good solution. The better solution would be to return the function name and any arguments as a comma delimited string, which would at least make this kind of solution more straight-forward.
var sFunction = 'my_function("param1", "param2")';
// The object would have to already have the function:
var oMyObject = {
my_function: function(x,y){
return x + y;
}
};
// Remove the last ")" and split the remainder into an array at the "("
var funcParts = sFunction.replace(")","").split("(");
// Split the second part (the arguments) into its own array
var funcArgs = funcParts[1].split(",");
// Pass the function name as a string key to the object and then pass the arguments to that
console.log(oMyObject[funcParts[0]](funcArgs[0], funcArgs[1]));
The bigger question is, what ultimately are you trying to accomplish as there is almost always a better approach than this.

To do a dynamic function call you can of course eval as I did in the comments, which is of course a terrible idea. Here is a quick-and-dirty alternative:
const dynamicCallMethod = (obj, s) => {
try {
const fname = s.match(/([$\w]+\(/);
const params = s.match(/("[\w$]+")/g);
return obj[fname](...params);
} catch (e) {
return e;
}
};
Note I still think there's any easier way to do this if you describe the scenario in more detail. The above will fail for any non-ascii characters, for instance.

jQuery Multiple Strings Case and Accent Insensitive

My first post on here. I have a function on a website whereby a randomly generated French phrase is displayed, challenging the reader to translate it into English in a text box. On clicking on a button, the text entered is compared to all the possible answers (there are multiple correct translations for a given phrase). I've looked around for answers on this but nothing seems to suit my situation.
Here's the jQuery:
var correctAnswer = function(){$('#correctmessage').show('fast');$('#errormessage').hide('fast');}
var wrongAnswer = function(){$('#errormessage').show('fast');$('#correctmessage').hide('fast');}
$('#1').find('button').on('click', function(){
var text = $(this).parent().find('.translatefield').val();
var compareText = "I went to the cinema";
var compareText2 = "I have been to the cinema";
if (text == compareText || text == compareText2) {
correctAnswer();
}
else {
wrongAnswer();
}
});
So I wondered if I can put the 'compare' variables into one variable i.e. 'I went to the cinema OR I have been to the cinema OR etc etc' within one variable for tidiness. But mainly I need to know how I can call that variable within the if so that it also accepts the answer without accented characters and regardless of upper or lower case... I hope this is clear! Thanks for any help you can give, this has been irritating me for a while!

As commented by Mark Holland, use arrays for the compare phrases.
If you are using jQuery anyway, you could use jQuery.inArray().
https://api.jquery.com/jQuery.inArray/
var compareText = ['i went to the cinema','i have been to the cinema'];
if ($.inArray(text.toLowerCase(), compareText)) {
... do stuff
}
To ignore the accents, use a solution like this:
String.prototype.removeAccents = function(){
return this
.replace(/[áàãâä]/gi,"a")
.replace(/[éè¨ê]/gi,"e")
.replace(/[íìïî]/gi,"i")
.replace(/[óòöôõ]/gi,"o")
.replace(/[úùüû]/gi, "u")
.replace(/[ç]/gi, "c")
.replace(/[ñ]/gi, "n")
.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/g," ");
}
Credits to Luan Castro
Perform a find/match with javascript, ignoring special language characters (accents, for example)?

As mentionned by Mark Holland, arrays would answer your first question.
JS arrays
To ignore accents, a quick search gave me this answer:
Replace accents
And to ignore lower/uppercase, a quick search gave me this answer.
Ignore case

How about setting the strings into one array and iterate this array to compare with the answer?

Javascript Case: "look at" + item

Okay, so this may be a repeat, but I personally haven't seen anything on the internet or in Stackoverflow about this.
I am working on a game project and I have been trying to make a text-based game.
In this game, I have a switch statement, for when the user enters a command.
So far I have things for Inventory and Look (Look around the environment), but how do I work with specific things in a switch statement?
For example:
submit = function(input) {
switch(input) {
case "LOOK":
lookaround();
break;
case "LOOK AT" + item:
look();
}
}
It is the LOOK AT line I am having issues with. I do not know how I can make a string work in that format, unless I had a case for every single item individually, example case "LOOK AT ORANGE" or case "LOOK AT TREE".
I hope I am explaining this thoroughly enough. Can anyone give me some advice?
Thanks
EDIT
I think it is important to note that the user is typing the input into an input box, so the value of the input is going to be a string.
If it will help to see the code I have made, please let me know in the comments below.
EDIT
THANKS FOR YOU HELP GUYS!
I used a regular expression (Thanks #red-devil) and a mixture of slicing. It works perfectly now!

Switch works with constants, not expressions like 'LOOK AT' + anything.
You could define an object for map any of your cases to your own functions. Like that:
var looks = {
'lookat-something' : function() {
alert('something');
},
'lookat-other-thing' : function() {
alert('other thing');
},
};
var x = 'lookat-other-thing';
looks[x]();
It much more flexible than using switch in any way.

If I understood you right, you want the user to be able to input LOOK AT and then any item name. The problem here is that you have this ominous item variable that could stand for anything and this is not going to work.
I would suggest one of these two ways:
Going along the lines of your example:
submit = function (input) {
switch (true) {
case input == "LOOK":
alert("Look")
break;
case input.startsWith("LOOK AT"):
alert(input)
break;
}
}
if (typeof String.prototype.startsWith != 'function') {
String.prototype.startsWith = function (str) {
return this.slice(0, str.length) == str;
};
}
And secondly, and this is the method I would recommend, you implement a way to parse any input into a command and parameters. A way to do this is to split the input at every space character and then the first value is the command and the rest would be the parameters. This would require you to use a one word command like LookAt and not LOOK AT.
So something like this:
function submit(input) {
var parts = input.split(" ");
var cmd = parts[0];
var args = parts.slice(1);
switch (cmd) {
case "Look":
lookAround();
break;
case "LookAt":
lookAt(args[0]);
break;
}
}

How to make indexOf only match 'hi' as a match and not 'hirandomstuffhere'?

Basically I was playing around with an Steam bot for some time ago, and made it auto-reply when you said things in an array, I.E an 'hello-triggers' array, which would contain things like "hi", "hello" and such. I made so whenever it received an message, it would check for matches using indexOf() and everything worked fine, until I noticed it would notice 'hiasodkaso', or like, 'hidemyass' as an "hi" trigger.
So it would match anything that contained the word even if it was in the middle of a word.
How would I go about making indexOf only notice it if it's the exact word, and not something else in the same word?
I do not have the script that I use but I will make an example that is pretty much like it:
var hiTriggers = ['hi', 'hello', 'yo'];
// here goes the receiving message function and what not, then:
for(var i = 0; i < hiTriggers.length; i++) {
if(message.indexOf(hiTriggers[i]) >= 0) {
bot.sendMessage(SteamID, randomHelloMsg[Math stuff here blabla]); // randomHelloMsg is already defined
}
}
Regex wouldn't be used for this, right? As it is to be used for expressions or whatever. (my English isn't awesome, ikr)
Thanks in advance. If I wasn't clear enough on something, please let me know and I'll edit/formulate it in another way! :)

You can extend prototype:
String.prototype.regexIndexOf = function(regex, startpos) {
var indexOf = this.substring(startpos || 0).search(regex);
return (indexOf >= 0) ? (indexOf + (startpos || 0)) : indexOf;
}
and do:
var foo = "hia hi hello";
foo.regexIndexOf(/hi\b/);
Or if you don't want to extend the string object:
foo.substr(i).search(/hi\b/);
both examples where taken from the top answers of Is there a version of JavaScript's String.indexOf() that allows for regular expressions?

Regex wouldn't be used for this, right? As it is to be used for expressions or whatever. (my > English isn't awesome, ikr)
Actually, regex is for any old pattern matching. It's absolutely useful for this.
fmsf's answer should work for what you're trying to do, however, in general extending native objects prototypes is frowned upon afik. You can easily break libraries by doing so. I'd avoid it when possible. In this case you could use his regexIndexOf function by itself or in concert with something like:
//takes a word and searches for it using regexIndexOf
function regexIndexWord(word){
return regexIndexOf("/"+word+"\b/");
}
Which would let you search based on your array of words without having to add the special symbols to each one.