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How to trigger refresh on a page from another page (no redirect)?

So, what I have is a lot of pages like this, with GET parameters: benchmark.php?game_id=87
that display the information about the particular game (info is in a database) and also contains an Edit button.
The Edit button opens a new window using JS window.open("edit_game.php?game_id=87",...)
The Edit window contains a few textboxes to add/modify data and a Save button.
The desired behaviour here is that when I press the Save button on the edit_game.php page, not only that the information is saved in the DB (this works) but also the benchmark.php?game_id=87 page is maybe refreshed so that the information displayed is actual. I don't know how to do the 'submit on page x, page y is aware and refreshes'.
I assume I should use AJAX for this but I don't know where to start. What I tried is something like this
setInterval( function(){
$('#refresh_station').load('game_information.php');
}, 2000);
that every 2 seconds it refreshes the information present in benchmark.php?game_id=87 but I find this very inefficient since it refreshes the info even if no modifications happened.
Is this the only way to approach this situation?
Edit: I should mention that edit_game.php?game_id=87 is not supposed to close or anything after pressing Save. So I can't just use the submit form to redirect back to benchmark.php.

Yes you should use Ajax for it also add one field in Database table last_update, now when page edit_game.php?game_id=87 load it have last_update time, ajax check this last update on some interval time if ajax see there is any update page should be refreshed.

Running a loop that checks every few seconds whether the records have changed isn't the best solution in my opinion. There's a much easier way to trigger a page refresh when you submit a form in a popup window.
Using window.opener you can perform actions on the window that opened the popup that you're currently in. In your case:
<form onsubmit="window.opener.location.reload();">
Your form here.
<input type="submit" value="Save changes">
</form>
Or in jQuery:
$('form').submit(function() {
window.opener.location.reload();
});

https://jsfiddle.net/yqv1eh8w/1/
postMessage
can communicate with the child window. Link
window.addEventListener("message", function (event) {});
will let you listen to it from a child window.
This should be help you with what you want.
The entire thing communicates with the help of events and messages.
Also, you will need to run this locally (coz I opened popups to the same window)

IMO, the best approach is to use a popup form. If your web page is already using Bootstrap, you can add a modal popup easily with the edit form as it's content. When clicking on the edit button, instead of opening a new window, you can open this popup.
Then submit this form with ajax on click of the submit button and inside the Ajax success function, add javascript/jQuery to close the modal and refresh the page content.

Keep scroll position in ADF page

I have a page with few forms in it and a submit button to save the records. If there is any errors then I m displaying the error messages programmatically in faces message .
But after clicking on the ok button on the af message, the page scrolls to the top and I have to scroll down again to click the button.
Is there any way to save the scroll position in ADF . I tried to call Java script
Window.scrollto () method
But for other methods it's working fine but not after clicking on the af message ok button.
Please let me know any way to scroll down to the bottom of the page.

markosca already gave the correct hints as a comment.
I'll clarify a bit on this for the sake of a complete answer:
If your buttons trigger an action, always a complete new site will be loaded.
Even if the "new" site is equal to the old one, it will seem as if the site has scrolled up.
If your buttons have an actionListener registered, this scrolling will also happen. Even if you put an addPartialTarget(...) inside that registered Java-method.
So, how to solve this? It's easy, just use an actionListener and the attribute partialSubmit="true" on the button or link.
Only than a partial submit will be executed instead of a full page reload.
And don't forget to either use addPartialTarget(...) in Java or the attribute partialTriggers="..." on the components which should update because of that partial submit.

submitting a POST form calls my document.ready() function again?

I have an index.php page which imports a "myjs.js" file which includes a document.ready() function. Inside the document.ready() function, I show the home tab by calling .hide(); on all the divs that represent the other tabs. I also have the code so that when i click on a tab, it hides the current div and shows the div that goes with the clicked tab.
one of the tabs that I have is the profile tab, where I have a POST form with a submit button. When I click the submit button, the page goes back to the home tab (exactly the same way as when I go to the page initially). Is there a way from preventing this from happening? The submit button corresponds to some php that i have at the top of my index.php page but I don't want to leave the profile tab when I click the button :(.
Thanks!
EDIT:
actually, you can log on and see for yourselves, the code is live here: www.aaemexico.com/login.php
use credentials:
username: asdf
password: asdf
go to "perfil" tab and choose a new password (change it to asdf so that others can still access it) and click the button. preferably, i would like to not go back to the home tab after i click the button

It sounds like the form is being submitted and the page is posting. You could probably override the submit function and prevent default events to prevent the document.ready from firing again.
Or, in your document.ready, check if the page is already loaded and don't do anything if it is.

Inconsistency with window.history.back()

I have the following code in an MVC view that I'm using to test window.history.back()
If the user clicks the link (highlighted in red) within the paragraph tag, window.history.back() executes as I would expect. It takes me back to the prior page with state maintained on that page. However, if the user clicks the button, I don't get the same behavior. The current view is reloaded, or at least an attempt is made to reload the current page. But it fails. And it doesn't matter if the jQuery is executed, or I put the window.history.back() call within the Button onClick, the same thing happens.
A piece of information which might be helpful. The button is inside an HTML.BeginForm and the line in the paragraph tag is not.
Anyone know why this is happening?

The browser is probably interpreting the button as a submit button and submitting the form, thus causing a page refresh. Adding type="button" will prevent that.
<button type="button">Cancel</button>

$('#cancelButton').click(function(e){
e.preventDefault();
/* ... code ... */
});

check for unsaved form before moving to another form

I am using Asp.net Javascript and C#
I have a content page, and left side has links in the master page.The content page has data entry form. If user leaves the page without submitting the form and click the cancel button. user should be prompt to save the changes made. I know i can use window.onbeforeleave and can show the confirm message.
Below is the issue.
The control moves to executing the code behind page of the clicked link.Reason is on clicking the link, a javascript function is being called. this function has below code.
window.location.href = 'anotherpage.aspx'
The confirm message appears later.
My query is, Is there any way to show the confirm message first.
I cannot write the confirmation message code in java script function as there are so many other links in left menu and same situation can arrise to prompt the user for confirmation message and logic is different in all pages to check the unsaved forms.
Suggestions?

I suggest you use jQuery for a 'dirty check' . And there are 2 ways to implement it.
Based on jQuery data feature : http://www.mydogboris.com/2009/10/using-jquery-data-feature-to-detect-form-changes/
a jQuery plugin for dirty check : http://www.novogeek.com/post/2010/01/31/Check-for-unsaved-data-on-your-web-forms-using-jQuery.aspx