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How to work around lack WebRTC support in a browser?

Some browsers (mobile Mi Browser, for instance) don't support WebRTC - they have no RTCPeerConnection API. So the users of your WebRTC web app have to open it in another one.
Is there a way to make your WebRTC app work without an explicit browser-change action from the user, especially on a mobile device?
I tried to investigate the following:
Deep Link. Looks like we can't redirect the user to another browser using deep link (I haven't found Chrome deep link for mobile).
Send WebRTC sources to browser / use third-party WebRTC lib. This won't work either, you need WebRTC support in the browser source code.

WebRTC is a framework based on a set of standards. It includes not only capability to get information about user input/output devices, but also set of network protocols which based on UDP (from getting client's IP to transfer arbitrary data through data channel using SCTP protocol). So, as you already may guess, it's impossible to support in a browser which doesn't have it, this is why point (2) will not work.
In case of point (1 - Open Chrome). On iOS exists custom protocol to open URL in chrome "googlechromes://stackoverflow.com", but it's better to explicitly say user that current browser doesn't support required functionality; And provide links on list of popular browsers for download (Chrome, Firefox, etc.); And already on these websites user will be redirected to the proper store for downloading native app.

HTML audio player for mobile browsers with stream as source

I use VLC media player to stream some content (audio). Right now I stream it to port 80 (http) of my PC. On a different device I open VLC and can listen to the stream by using http://192.168.0.78/ (the IP of the source computer). It plays well also on a phone when I use the VLC app to listen to the content.
Now, I try to implement a player on a website which takes the url of the stream as src and the client just opens the website and plays the stream (this has many logistic advantages). A minimal example can be viewed here. The stream runs fine on Desktop browsers but does not on run on mobile browsers. Unfortunately there is no error message or things like that which could indicate the source of the problem.
Things I tried to do:
Using different encodings of the stream in the VLC (MP3, OGG etc.)
Using third party HTML players like Media element, jPlayer, audio.js, Muses Radio Player and many more. All of them work fine on desktop browser, but buggy, if at all on mobile browsers
It works on a Desktop browser when simulating a mobile browser thought F12 -> Responsive Design mode (in Firefox for example)
The site, in which I host the player runs on https, whereas the source of the stream is http. At this point I am not aware of a problem this could cause, but still mentioning it here.
Does anyone have experience with HTML players on mobile devices which take a stream as source?

The site, in which I host the player runs on https, whereas the source of the stream is http. At this point I am not aware of a problem this could cause, but still mentioning it here.
That is in fact the problem. If you open up your browser's developer tools, you will see error messages related to this. Pages in secure contexts can no longer load data from an insecure context.
Ideally, you need to serve your stream via HTTPS. Otherwise, you'll have to serve your page via HTTP.
Also note that you do have this same problem on desktop browsers.

Can I make a socket connection through Javascript

What I want to do
Make a simple socket connection to a server on the browser. I want to not send any header information with the socket connection.
The Problem
It looks like I am unable to make a socket connection with javascript that does not send header data (Is there a way to do a tcp connection to an IP with javascript?).
I thought maybe I could make a connection with a chrome extension, however it looks like the socket API is only available for chrome apps (Google Chrome Socket API in extensions).
I am thinking that I might need to make a native application that will make socket connections through requests made by the browser using Native Messaging.
Is there anyway I can achieve this or am I out of luck?

Raw socket connections through the browser are wrapped up in security concerns. Users can be easily manipulated to allow things to run that shouldn't.
TCP and UDP Socket API
W3C Editor's Draft 20 January 2016
is located here.
http://raw-sockets.sysapps.org/
Mozilla's API information here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Archive/B2G_OS/API/TCPSocket "This API is available on Firefox OS for privileged or certified applications only."
If you work with raw TCP connections. I would suggest
(1) downloading PHP onto the local computer. PHP has a developer web host build in so you can run whatever application you want on PHP using the browser as your GUI.
(2) download node.js.

You are not out of luck you just need to achieve it with the understanding that you are working outside the box for normal browser based scripting created from security concerns, and that means the user/client needs to install something manually.
If you must use chrome browser on the client side, you will need to make an -extension- correction webapp. You can as a developer make one that you can use on your own computers.
https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/getstarted
https://developer.chrome.com/apps/first_app
Load the extension#
Extensions that you download from the Chrome Web
Store are packaged up as .crx files, which is great for distribution,
but not so great for development. Recognizing this, Chrome gives you a
quick way of loading up your working directory for testing. Let's do
that now.
Visit chrome://extensions in your browser (or open up the Chrome menu
by clicking the icon to the far right of the Omnibox: The menu's icon
is three horizontal bars. and select Extensions under the Tools menu
to get to the same place).
Ensure that the Developer mode checkbox in the top right-hand corner
is checked.
Click Load unpacked extension… to pop up a file-selection dialog.
Navigate to the directory in which your extension files live, and
select it.
Alternatively, you can drag and drop the directory where your
extension files live onto chrome://extensions in your browser to load
it.
If the extension is valid, it'll be loaded up and active right away!
If it's invalid, an error message will be displayed at the top of the
page. Correct the error, and try again.
This insures that non developers don't load an extension which does not comply with the normal security concerns.
Communicating between with the script on the web page to the extension.
Can be done with message passing ... https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/messaging
The extension can add content directly to the web page which is available to the script on the web page. If for example the extension replaced the web cam image with a static image when the webcam script reads what it believes is the webcam it gets the static image instead, which explains why I look like an alien from space on the webcam. Although I did not create an extension to do that, I merely modified an existing extension to replace the function that gets the webcam image with a function to get a static image.

You can use SignalR, it is javascript library (JQuery Plugin) and it enables you to open web sockets from the browser to a server. Please check the following links:
https://blog.3d-logic.com/2015/03/29/signalr-on-the-wire-an-informal-description-of-the-signalr-protocol/
http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/an-introduction-to-websockets
https://github.com/SignalR/SignalR

HTML5 base64 encoded audio on mobile devices

I'm writing a platform with an audio playback component. Audio is uploaded to the server as an wav/mp3/ogg file, and then (like the rest of our media), converted to base64 and stored within our redis database.
To play the audio back at the client side we make an AJAX request to the server for the base64 encoded audio. We have a desktop version that compliments the mobile application, at the moment audio playback works like this:
recording.sound = new Audio("data:audio/ogg;base64," + recording.audio);
recording.sound.play(); // this works
Today we started our tests on mobile devices, and have so far been unable to get it working, even on mobile browsers that apparently support HTML5 audio.
Any ideas? Or if this is not possible, is there a different approach we can take? Ideally there should be a mobile compatible version of the web app, and there has to be a phonegap version.

The reason might not be a technical one here, from Apple developer site:
In Safari on iOS (for all devices, including iPad), where the user may be on a cellular network and be charged per data unit, preload and autoplay are disabled. No data is loaded until the user initiates it. This means the JavaScript play() and load() methods are also inactive until the user initiates playback, unless the play() or load() method is triggered by user action. In other words, a user-initiated Play button works, but an onLoad="play()" event does not.
same applies to Android devices.
read more here: Safari HTML5 Audio and Video Guide

But „audio/wav“ doesn't exist. See spec here: http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/audio
You should use „audio/vnd.dts“ for .wav file, „audio/mpeg“ for .mp3 file and „audio/ogg“ for .ogg file...
OK, try StackOverflow search, see:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=audio+codec+support+mobile+devices+html5
or https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=audio+codec+support+mobile+devices+html
or try Google
Some search results, that might be useful:
In search for a library that knows to detect support for specific Audio Video format files
or html5 vs flash - full comparison chart anywhere?

HTML5 Audio Mixing

I would like to make a web application where people can add recorded sounds and samples to a timeline.
I want it to output 1 soundfile (approximately 3min long) which will be send to the server.
Now I would like to do this with the HTML5 Audio API and found out that I could do this with the AudioContext But Audiocontext is only supported in chrome.
Now I do dislike flash and I wanted to ask if there is any way to do this with HTML5 with decent browser support (so newest Chrome, IE and Firefox).
Some thoughts:
I could record audio using the HTML5 audio API and the user can add it to the timeline. When finished the client will upload all the audio files to the server including the location on the timetable. The server can combine the audio files to make it one file. Now this is an solution, but I would prefer to do this kind of work on the client side

At the moment in my opinion it is not possible (if it should be html5 and supported by IE and Firefox), see the List of Browser that Support the Audio API
Browsers with Audio API Support. But this Information could be outdated already.(these Browsers update so frequently)
You could wait, first serve only Chrome and hope the other Browser, catch up(IE might be a problem). Or you use Java (if you dont like flash). The other technologie out there is Silverlight, but it is "dead", so i wouldn't recommend it.
I hope my input helps a bit.