I have a case where I must write inline CSS code, and I want to apply a hover style on an anchor.
How can I use a:hover in inline CSS inside the HTML style attribute?
E.g., you can't reliably use CSS classes in HTML emails.
Short answer: you can't.
Long answer: you shouldn't.
Give it a class name or an id and use stylesheets to apply the style.
:hover is a pseudo-selector and, for CSS, only has meaning within the style sheet. There isn't any inline-style equivalent (as it isn't defining the selection criteria).
Response to the OP's comments:
See Totally Pwn CSS with Javascript for a good script on adding CSS rules dynamically. Also see Change style sheet for some of the theory on the subject.
Also, don't forget, you can add links to external stylesheets if that's an option. For example,
<script type="text/javascript">
var link = document.createElement("link");
link.setAttribute("rel","stylesheet");
link.setAttribute("href","http://wherever.com/yourstylesheet.css");
var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
head.appendChild(link);
</script>
Caution: the above assumes there is a head section.
You can get the same effect by changing your styles with JavaScript in the onMouseOver and onMouseOut parameters, although it's extremely inefficient if you need to change more than one element:
<a href="abc.html"
onMouseOver="this.style.color='#0F0'"
onMouseOut="this.style.color='#00F'" >Text</a>
Also, I can't remember for sure if this works in this context. You may have to switch it with document.getElementById('idForLink').
You could do it at some point in the past. But now (according to the latest revision of the same standard, which is Candidate Recommendation) you can't
.
You can't do exactly what you're describing, since a:hover is part of the selector, not the CSS rules. A stylesheet has two components:
selector {rules}
Inline styles only have rules; the selector is implicit to be the current element.
The selector is an expressive language that describes a set of criteria to match elements in an XML-like document.
However, you can get close, because a style set can technically go almost anywhere:
<html>
<style>
#uniqueid:hover {do:something;}
</style>
<a id="uniqueid">hello</a>
</html>
If you actually require inline code, this is possible to do. I needed it for some hover buttons, and the method is this:
.hover-item {
background-color: #FFF;
}
.hover-item:hover {
background-color: inherit;
}
<a style="background-color: red;">
<div class="hover-item">
Content
</div>
</a
In this case, the inline code: "background-color: red;" is the switch colour on hover. Use the colour you need and then this solution works. I realise this may not be the perfect solution in terms of compatibility, however this works if it is absolutely needed.
While it appears to be impossible to define a hover-rule inline, you can define the value of styles inline using a CSS variable:
:hover {
color: var(--hover-color);
}
<a style="--hover-color: green">
Library
</a>
Consider using an attribute or a class in addition to the selector (e.g., [hover-color]:hover) to allow coexistence with other low specificity hover color changing rules (from, e.g., a CSS reset or some elements using the default style).
Using JavaScript:
a) Adding inline style
document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', '<style>#mydiv:hover{color:red;}</style>');
b) or a bit harder method - adding "mouseover"
document.getElementById("mydiv").onmouseover= function(e){this.className += ' my-special-class'; };
document.getElementById("mydiv").onmouseleave= function(e){this.className = this.className.replace('my-special-class',''); };
Note: multi-word styles (i.e.font-size) in JavaScript are written together:
element.style.fontSize="12px"
This is the best code example:
<a
style="color:blue;text-decoration: underline;background: white;"
href="http://aashwin.com/index.php/education/library/"
onmouseover="this.style.color='#0F0'"
onmouseout="this.style.color='#00F'">
Library
</a>
Moderator Suggestion: Keep your separation of concerns.
HTML
<a
style="color:blue;text-decoration: underline;background: white;"
href="http://aashwin.com/index.php/education/library/"
class="lib-link">
Library
</a>
JS
const libLink = document.getElementsByClassName("lib-link")[0];
// The array 0 assumes there is only one of these links,
// you would have to loop or use event delegation for multiples
// but we won't go into that here
libLink.onmouseover = function () {
this.style.color='#0F0'
}
libLink.onmouseout = function () {
this.style.color='#00F'
}
Inline pseudoclass declarations aren't supported in the current iteration of CSS (though, from what I understand, it may come in a future version).
For now, your best bet is probably to just define a style block directly above the link you want to style:
<style type="text/css">
.myLinkClass:hover {text-decoration:underline;}
</style>
Foo!
As pointed out, you cannot set arbitrary inline styles for hover, but you can change the style of the hover cursor in CSS using the following in the appropriate tag:
style="cursor: pointer;"
<style>a:hover { }</style>
Go Home
Hover is a pseudo class, and thus cannot be applied with a style attribute. It is part of the selector.
You can do this. But not in inline styles. You can use onmouseover and onmouseout events:
<div style="background: #333; padding: 10px; cursor: pointer"
onmouseover="this.style.backgroundColor='#555';" onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor='#333';">
Hover on me!
</div>
According to your comments, you're sending a JavaScript file anyway. Do the rollover in JavaScript. jQuery's $.hover() method makes it easy, as does every other JavaScript wrapper. It's not too hard in straight JavaScript either.
There is no way to do this. Your options are to use a JavaScript or a CSS block.
Maybe there is some JavaScript library that will convert a proprietary style attribute to a style block. But then the code will not be standard-compliant.
You can write code in various type.
First I can write this
HTML
<a href="https://www.google.com/" onMouseOver="this.style.color='red'"
onMouseOut="this.style.color='blue'" class="one">Hello siraj</a>
CSS
.one {
text-decoration: none;
}
You can try another way:
HTML
Hello siraj
CSS
.one {
text-decoration: none;
}
.one:hover {
color: blue;
}
.one:active {
color: red;
}
You can also try hover in jQuery:
JavaScript
$(document).ready(function() {
$("p").hover(function() {
$(this).css("background-color", "yellow");
}, function() {
$(this).css("background-color", "pink");
});
});
HTML
<p>Hover the mouse pointer over this paragraph.</p>
In this code you have three functions in jQuery. First you ready a function which is the basic of a function of jQuery. Then secondly, you have a hover function in this function. When you hover a pointer to the text, the color will be changed and then next when you release the pointer to the text, it will be the different color, and this is the third function.
I just figured out a different solution.
My issue: I have an <a> tag around some slides/main content viewer as well as <a> tags in the footer. I want them to go to the same place in IE, so the whole paragraph would be underlined onHover, even though they're not links: the slide as a whole is a link. IE doesn't know the difference. I also have some actual links in my footer that do need the underline and color change onHover. I thought I would have to put styles inline with the footer tags to make the color change, but advice from above suggests that this is impossible.
Solution: I gave the footer links two different classes, and my problem was solved. I was able to have the onHover color change in one class, have the slides onHover have no color change/underline, and still able to have the external HREFS in the footer and the slides at the same time!
It's not exactly inline CSS, but it is inline.
<a href="abc.html" onMouseOver="this.style.color='#0F0'"
onMouseOut="this.style.color='#00F'">Text</a>
I agree with shadow. You could use the onmouseover and onmouseout event to change the CSS via JavaScript.
And don't say people need to have JavaScript activated. It's only a style issue, so it doesn't matter if there are some visitors without JavaScript ;)
Although most of Web 2.0 works with JavaScript. See Facebook for example (lots of JavaScript) or Myspace.
So this isn't quite what the user was looking for, but I found this question searching for an answer and came up with something sort of related. I had a bunch of repeating elements that needed a new color/hover for a tab within them. I use handlebars, which is key to my solution, but other templateing languages may also work.
I defined some colors and passed them into the handlebars template for each element. At the top of the template I defined a style tag, and put in my custom class and hover color.
<style type="text/css">
.{{chart.type}}-tab-hover:hover {
background-color: {{chart.chartPrimaryHighlight}} !important;
}
</style>
Then I used the style in the template:
<span class="financial-aid-details-header-text {{chart.type}}-tab-hover">
Payouts
</span>
You may not need the !important
While the "you shouldn't" context may apply there may be cases were you still want to achieve this. My use case was to dynamic set a hover color depending on some data value to achieve that with only CSS you can benefit from specificity.
Approach CSS only
CSS
/* Set your parent color for the inherit property */
.sidebar {
color: green;
}
/* Make sure your target element "inherit" parent color on :hover and default */
.list-item a {
color: inherit
}
.list-item a:hover {
color: inherit
}
/* Create a class to allows to get hover color from inline style */
.dynamic-hover-color:not(:hover) {
color: inherit !important;
}
Then your markup will be somewhat like:
Markup
<nav class="sidebar">
<ul>
<li class="list-item">
<a
href="/foo"
class="dynamic-hover-color"
style="color: #{{category.color}};"
>
Category
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
I'm doing this example using handlebars but the idea is that you take whatever is convenient for your use case to set the inline style (even if it is writing manually the color on hover you want)
You can just use an inline stylesheet statement like this:
<style>#T1:hover{color:red}</style><span id=T1>Your Text Here</span>
You can use the pseudo-class a:hover in external style sheets only. Therefore I recommend using an external style sheet. The code is:
a:hover {color:#FF00FF;} /* Mouse-over link */
You can do id by adding a class, but never inline.
<style>.hover_pointer{cursor:pointer;}</style>
<div class="hover_pointer" style="font:bold 12pt Verdana;">Hello World</div>
It is two lines, but you can reuse the class everywhere.
My problem was that I'm building a website which uses a lot of image-icons that have to be swapped by a different image on hover (e.g. blue-ish images turn red-ish on hover).
I produced the following solution for this:
.container div {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-size: 100px 100px;
}
.container:hover .withoutHover {
display: none;
}
.container .withHover {
display: none;
}
.container:hover .withHover {
display: block;
}
<p>Hover the image to see it switch with the other. Note that I deliberately used inline CSS because I decided it was the easiest and clearest solution for my problem that uses more of these image pairs (with different URL's).
</p>
<div class=container>
<div class=withHover style="background-image: url('https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQrqRsWFJ3492s0t0NmPEcpTQYTqNnH188R606cLOHm8H2pUGlH')"></div>
<div class=withoutHover style="background-image: url('http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/03523/Cat-Photo-Bombs-fa_3523609b.jpg')"></div>
</div>
I introduced a container containing the pair of images. The first is visible and the other is hidden (display:none). When hovering the container, the first becomes hidden (display:none) and the second shows up again (display:block).
I have this DOM
<div class="slotvideo">
<div class="posterimage"></div>
</div>
I can't modify this html code but I need to add an SVG icon. This SVG is used for a function. On click I need to reach the bottom of the page. I create this CSS
.posterimage::before {
content: "";
background-image: mysvg;
}
Now, I can't manipulate pseudo element but I can't find another solution for doing it. How could you fix this problem?
I couldn't find what do you actually want. but about manipulating pseudo-elements, it's not possible. But there is a work-around.
You can define another class name like .active change the element's class to it for controlling pseudo-element.
.posterimage {
/* anything... */
}
.posterimage.active::before {
content: "";
background-image: mysvg;
}
don't forget, psuedo-elements are inline by default, so if you want this background-image to show up, you need to make it display: block and define a set of width and height though.
and it's done. you can use that .active class to have controll of showing ::before or not by JavaScript.
Any advice would be much appreciated, I'm sure this is simple for some of you web wizards. Thank you very much for your time.
I have some css that is working to change the revealed portion of .png when a user hovers over it:
.small_icons ul li.companyButton .circle {background-position:0 0;}
.small_icons ul li.companyButton:hover .circle {background-position:0 -56px;}
I'd like to then keep the position at 0 -56px when the user clicks on the image and switch back to 0 0 when the user clicks on a different image. This is all happening on the same page so I imagine I have to use a javascript onclick function.
I can't seem to figure out how to access that specific css element using javascript. I've tried:
document.getElementByClass("circle").style.background-position:0 -56px;
but that doesn't change anything. Is it because .circle is a child class of .companyButton which is a child class of .small_icons?
Many thanks!
You messed with type
document.getElementsByClass("circle") is Nodelist (object like array). so you should loop through it, or use
document.getElementsByClass("circle")[0].style.background-position="0 -56px";
to loop through you need
var circles=document.getElementsByClass("circle")
for (var index=0;index<circles.length;index++) {
circles[index].style.background-position="0 -56px";
}
more about dinamyc styling
You'll need to do
document.getElementsByClassName("circle")[0].style.backgroundPosition:0 -56px;
Read more about it here
I have a html element which is styled (using jquery) with a background image targeted thru its class name.
When I remove the class the background image stays - which is not what I expected or want.
test.html
<div id='log' class='tile'>HELLOWORLD</div>
test.css
.tile{
background: none;
}
test.js
$('.tile').css("background-image", "url(tile.jpg)"); // We see image
$('#log').toggleClass('tile'); // We still see image
After banging my head I think I know whats happening. The css is being applied to the element - NOT to the 'class'.
How can I target a specific css rule so that its key values can be updated?
If that makes sense.
If you wan to change the css rules of the ".tile" class, then you can do it.
There is a post that explains it very well :
function changeBackgroundImage(className, value){
var ss = document.styleSheets;
for (var i=0; i<ss.length; i++) {
var ss = document.styleSheets;
var rules = ss[i].cssRules || ss[i].rules;
for (var j=0; j<rules.length; j++) {
if (rules[j].selectorText === className) {
rules[j].style.backgroundImage = value;
}
}
}
}
You can call it like this :
changeBackgroundImage(".tile","url(tile.jpg)");
The problem is that you´re setting the background-image as an inline stlye that overrides any stylesheet rules. Toggling the class won´t have any affect.
You can either have set the background through a styleheet rule and then add a class that removes it;
#log {
background-image: url(tile.jpg);
}
#log.tile {
background: none;
}
or you could just use !important as;
.tile {
background: none !important;
}
...it might be the other way around but you get the point? :)
try removing class tile and applying new class with bg: none
in effect - when needed apply class with bg, when not needed - without
No need for jQuery in this case. You can use plain old JavaScript. Check out this tutorial:
javascriptkit.com - Changing external style sheets using the DOM
You can't change the class itself without re-writing that declaration in the stylesheet, you ARE working only with the element in the selector.
Try:
$('.tile').css("background-image","none")
$('#log').toggleClass('tile',true);
I would make the background image part of the class as a css style:
.tile {background-image: url('tile.jpg')};
and then remove the class when necessary with jquery
$('#log').removeClass('tile');
you could have two classes in your css...
.tile{
background: none;
}
.tile-w-image
{
background-image: url(tile.jpg);
}
and then with jquery just toggle the classes...
$("#log").toggleClass('tile').toggleClass('tile-w-image');
I'm sure this is just one of many ways of doing this. I hope it helps.
You are very close.
It seems like you are adding inline CSS to your element and then trying to toggle the class. You should keep CSS styling separate in most cases:
HTML:
<div id='log' class='tile'>HELLOWORLD</div>
jQuery (I imagine this should be done on click or another event):
$('#log').toggleClass('tile'); // We still see image
If the "tile" class is already written to the HTML, then toggle-ing it will remove it.
CSS:
.tile{
background-image: url(tile.jpg);
}
I just saw a demo that had this jquery code to show and hide a dive on hover, can't this be done with just regualr css though? And if you can do it with css is there any advantage of doing it with javascript?
$('.comment').hover(function() {
$(this).children('.delete').show();
}, function() {
$(this).children('.delete').hide();
});
CSS hover works fine with anchor tags, but IE6 does not recognize hover events on things like li tags.
If you were using an anchor tag, however, you could achieve the same effect in CSS:
a.comment .delete { display: none; }
a.comment:hover .delete { display: block; }
You can do this with CSS but IE6 only supports the :hover pseudo-class on anchor tags (A), so it's not as common.
Jody is correct. Check out the docs for the CSS Display property.
There is more functionality that the .hover will do. If you provide it more than 2 functions it will cycle through all the functions.
Example
$('.comment').hover(
function(){$(this).children('.delete.first').show()},
function(){$(this).children('.delete.first').hide()},
function(){$(this).children('.delete.second').show()},
function(){$(this).children('.delete.second').hide()}
);
That would show one set of children the first time they hover, then hide, and the next time show a different set of children.
The hover function also works over multiple elements, and only fires if the mouse has left all the elements (not just when it leaves one and moves to another)
I dynamically create something like this on the server side. I'm sure there is a more efficient/prettier way but this usually serves my needs. Basically hides all the divs and un-hides the one that needs to be shown (passed as arg in function from onClick event).
function toggleTab(id)
{
document.getElementById('divEnrollment').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('divSearch').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('divMeeting').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('divBenefit').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('div' + id).style.display='block';
document.getElementById('spnEnrollment').style.color='blue';
document.getElementById('spnSearch').style.color='blue';
document.getElementById('spnMeeting').style.color='blue';
document.getElementById('spnBenefit').style.color='blue';
document.getElementById('spn'+id).style.color = 'red';
}