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Sticky Navbar on scroll

I understand this seems to be a common request but after digging through several posts I can't find a solution and/or lack the knowledge to tailor the javascript to my needs.
I am looking for a way to have my Navbar stick to the top of the page once it reaches the top (scrolling far enough down). The issues I have is that my Navbar is currently positioned using flex, and not already at the top of the page.
CODEPEN
* {margin:0;padding:0;box-sizing:border-box}
html, body {text-align: center;}
#logo2 img {
margin: 0 auto;
margin-top: 3%;
}
.menu2 {
display: flex; /* displays children inline */
margin: 0;
width: 100%;
margin-top: 2%;
list-style-type: none;
background: linear-gradient(#3E3E3E, #2B2B2B);
}
li {
flex: 1; /* each takes as much width as it can, i.e. 25% */
border-right: 1px solid #232323;
}
li:last-child {
border: none;
}
li a {
display: block;
text-align: center;
font: Verdana;
font-size: 16px;
color: #EAE0D2;
text-decoration: none;
padding: 20px 0;
}
li a:hover {
background: linear-gradient(#404040, #3E3E3E);
}
.active {
background: linear-gradient(#2B2B2B, #232323);
}
<header id="logo2">
<img src="logo.png" alt="Logo"/>
</header>
<nav>
<ul id="navigation" class="menu2">
<li>HOME</li>
<li class="active">GALLERY</li>
<li>ART</li>
<li>CONTACT</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</body>

Well I eventually found an answer to my question. For those of you interested.
JS
var num = 240; //number of pixels before modifying styles
$(window).bind('scroll', function () {
if ($(window).scrollTop() > num) {
$('.menu2').addClass('fixed');
$('.main').addClass('main2');
} else {
$('.menu2').removeClass('fixed');
$('.main').removeClass('main2');
}
});

.menu2 {
width: 100%; height: 100%;
background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);
position: sticky;
left: 0; top: 0;
}
.emptySpace {width: 100%; height: 1000000px;}
<span class="menu2">
Link 1
Link 2
Link 3
Link 4
Link 5
</span>
<!-- the div below is to allow you to scroll so you can see how it works (it's absolutely useless) -->
<div class="emptySpace"></div>
If I'm understanding your question correctly, you can use
HTML:
<span class="menu2">
Link 1
Link 2
Link 3
</span>
CSS:
.menu2 {position: sticky;}
This will cause the navigation bar to stick to the top of the screen as the user scrolls down.
You can read into this a bit more at W3Schools.
Also, check out my Weave at LiveWeave.

Nav menu moves down when .slideToggle is used on div above it

I am trying to make a nav menu for part of a practice website, and I made an animation that basically slides down a green div when one of the menu options are hovered over, but once that happens the whole nav menu slides down. which I do not want. I tried changing the nav menus position to absolute, but then it looses its position, and I can't re-position it. Any help would be appreciated, thank you!
Here is the JSfiddle version.
HTML:
<ul id="nav_animations">
<li class="nav_square home_square" id="greenHome"></li>
</ul>
<ul id="navlist">
<li class="navlistitems" id="home">Home</li>
</ul>
CSS:
#nav_animations {
display:inline;
position:relative;
bottom:13px;
}
#greenHome {
display:none;
}
.nav_square {
background-color:green;
width:100px;
height:15px;
z-index:22;
position:relative;
}
#navlist {
display:inline;
font-family: 'Dhurjati', sans-serif;
font-size:45px;
position:relative;
}
.navlistitems {
display:inline;
padding:50px;
color:black;
}
JavaScript:
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#home').hover(function(){
$('#greenHome').slideToggle('fast');
});
});
PS: Yes I do have the JQuery library linked in my actual code.

The quick and dirty solution using your work is as follows below. If you wanted the green dropdown to be below the parent nav item, you should add ul#nav_animations inside the li.navlistitems. That's what I've done below. I also modified your CSS a little to take this into consideration.
And here is a JSFiddle I threw together for you: http://jsfiddle.net/84amnjz7/1/
CSS:
#navlist {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
font-family: 'Dhurjati', sans-serif;
font-size: 45px;
position: relative;
}
.navlistitems {
position: relative;
padding: 25px 0 0;
display:block;
float: left;
color: #000;
}
#nav_animations {
display: block;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
width: 100%;
}
#greenHome {
display: none;
}
.nav_square {
background-color: green;
width: 100%;
height: 15px;
z-index: 22;
position: relative;
}
jQuery:
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#home').hover(function(){
$('#greenHome').stop(true, true).slideToggle('fast'); /* ADDED .stop(true, true) */
});
});
Modified HTML:
<ul id="navlist">
<li class="navlistitems" id="home">Home
<ul id="nav_animations">
<li class="nav_square home_square" id="greenHome"></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

Web menu button to keep a different color

I don't probably know how to search for this precise question and I haven't found anything, so I am sorry if there is already asked somewhere.
I only have 3 buttons and the index is the "Inicio" page. I've applied a :hover to the buttons, but I want to keep it fixed for the button of the displayed page. Obviously, I want to have "Inicio" in this state at the beginning.
(jsfiddle below)
<!-- menu -->
<nav id="nav">
<ul>
<a id=inicio href=#><li class="boton"><p class="text_menu">INICIO</p></li></a>
<a id=productos href=#><li class="boton"><p class="text_menu">PRODUCTOS</p></li></a>
<a id=contacto href=#><li class="boton"><p class="text_menu">CONTACTO</p></li></a>
</ul>
</nav>
#nav {
padding-top: 27px;
padding-left: 25%;
}
#nav ul li {
list-style:none;
display:inline-block;
margin-left: 4%;
text-align: center;
font-family: 'Dosis', sans-serif;
font-size: 100%;
color: #FFF;
}
.text_menu {
padding-top: 5px;
}
.boton {
width: 15%;
height: 57px;
background-color: #0099ff;
border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;
-webkit-border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;
border: 0px solid #000000;
}
.boton:hover {
background-color: #0033ff;
}
Here is a jsfiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/7jbUj/
Thanks for your responses.

U can simply add class like .hovered to current button like
HTML:
<li class="boton hovered"><p class="text_menu">CONTACTO</p></li></a>
CSS:
.hovered {
background-color: #0033ff;
}
UPD: Fiddle
UPD2: For page changing
U simply can add and remove class on `click' like:
$('nav ul a').on('click', function(){
$('nav ul a li.hovered').removeClass('hovered');
$(this).children('li').addClass('hovered');
})
Fiddle2

If you want to use without JQuery, you have to use it in javascript
HTML :
<a id="mnu1" class="mnu hovered" src="#" onclick="makeSelected('mnu1')"> One </a>
<a id="mnu2" class="mnu" src="#" onclick="makeSelected('mnu2')"> Two </a>
<a id="mnu3" class="mnu" src="#" onclick="makeSelected('mnu3')"> Three </a>
CSS :
.mnu{
background-color : #451;
margin-left:20px;
font-size:30px;
}
a:hover{
background-color:#ccc;
}
.hovered{
background-color:#ccc;
}
JS :
var prev_mnuid= "mnu1";
function makeSelected(mnuid){
document.getElementById(prev_mnuid).className = "mnu";
document.getElementById(mnuid).className = "mnu hovered";
prev_mnuid=mnuid;
}
Fiddle : http://jsfiddle.net/rajaveld/t31zc8jx/

Simple javascript issue - list is NOT expanding correctly

The CSS:
#divMainMenu ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px 0;
height:400px;
}
#divMainMenu li {
height: 17px;
margin: 3px 0;
padding: 14px 2px;
border: 1px solid #eee7cb;
background: url(../../Images/50pTransparent-20x20.png) repeat;
}
#divMainMenu li ul{
display: none;
}
The html and script:
<script type="text/javascript">
function Show(pObj)
{
pObj = document.getElementById(pObj).id;
if (document.getElementById(pObj).style.display=='none')
document.getElementById(pObj).style.display='block';
else
document.getElementById(pObj).style.display='none';
}
</script>
<div id="divSidePanel">
<div id="divMainMenu">
<ul>
<li onclick="Show('Buyers')">Buyers
<ul id="Buyers" style="display:none;">
<li>Search</li>
<li>Submit request</li>
<li>Send message to owner</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Sellers</li>
<li>Contact Us</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
The problem:
When I click on the text Buyers, it shows the sub/nested list. However, the other items do not make space for the nested list. Thus the nested list writes over the space of the main list.
Is this a problem with my code or is it the standard way it's meant to work? And is there a way to let the other items 'push down' making way for the nested items?
Thanks!

You need to use min-height: instead of height: in the CSS. If you know jQuery, the .hide() and .show() functions will work MUCH better.

Take this out of your css:
#divMainMenu li ul{
display: none;
}
And change the height property to min-height on your #divMainMenu li selector
Resultant css:
#divMainMenu ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px 0;
height:400px;
}
#divMainMenu li {
min-height: 17px;
margin: 3px 0;
padding: 14px 2px;
border: 1px solid #eee7cb;
background: url(../../Images/50pTransparent-20x20.png) repeat;
}
#divMainMenu li ul{
}​
Example

Problem with sub-menu showing/hiding on click

I followed a great example of how to make a sub-menu appear/disappear on click here and made it work. Quite an accomplishment since I'm just starting with javascript. But just as I made it work a few other problems came up, I'll try to explain:
1.- I have a vertical main menu and one of the options, 'Products' has a sub-category that opens on hover below the parent item. When selecting one of its sub-categories, a bigger menu shows up in a new div to the right of the main menu. When this happens, the selected sub-category changes color and displays a bullet so the user knows which sub-category they are viewing. I was doing this using PHP to detect the current page and assign an "active" id. But when I had it like that the sub-menu show/hide didn't work and all the options were showing when first entering the page. So I changed the link reference from "page.php" to "#" ­---which makes more sense since that option is not meant to be a link rather than just display another sub-menu but had to include it for the sake of displaying the 'active' id--- and now the show/hide works except after I click a sub-category, the menu to the right opens, but the previously selected sub-category that opens on hover closes and the php detect function doesn't work because I changed the reference to "#" and the link doesn't show an 'active' status; in fact, the 'home' option stays selected even when the second div is already showing.
It sounds confusing, I know. Here's the example, I hope it's clear what I'm trying to do. I'd appreciate if anyone knows a way around this.
2.- Once I can get this fixed, is there a way to make the second div slide from left to right instead of fading in?
Thanks in advance :)

See my update to your code.. http://jsfiddle.net/Jaybles/tkVfX/4/
CSS
.mainNav {
float: left;
width: 200px;
height: 100%;
min-width: 150px;
background-color: #e21a22;
}
.active{
font-weight:bold;
}
.mainSide {
font-size: 14px;
list-style: none;
font-family: Helvetica,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
padding-top: 40px;
width: 143px;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
}
.mainSide li a, .mainSide li {
color: #fff;
width: 143px;
display: block;
padding: 2px 0 2px 0;
text-decoration: none;
}
.mainSide ul li a {
width: 125px;
list-style: none;
padding: 6px 0 2px 18px;
}
.mainSide li a:hover {
color: #fdb046;
}
.mainSide li a#active, .mainSide ul li a#active {
color: #fdb046;
background: url("../img/bullet.jpg") right center no-repeat;
}
#subNavSys, #subNavApp, #subNavAcc {
float: left;
width: 200px;
height: 100%;
min-width: 150px;
background-color: #414143;
display:none;
}
#subSideSys, #subSideApp, #subSideAcc {
font-size: 14px;
list-style: none;
font-family: Helvetica,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
padding-top: 163px;
width: 143px;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
}
#subSideSys li a, #subSideSys li, #subSideApp li a, #subSideApp li, #subSideAcc li a, #subSideAcc li {
color: #fff;
width: 143px;
display: block;
padding: 2px 0 2px 0;
text-decoration: none;
}
#subSideSys li a:hover, #subSideApp li a:hover, #subSideAcc li a:hover {
color: #fdb046;
HTML
<div class="mainNav">
<img id="top" src="img/metal.jpg" width="143" height="43" alt="Index" />
<ul class="mainSide">
<li>Home</li>
<li>About us</li>
<li>Products
<ul>
<li>By system</li>
<li>By application</li>
<li>Accesories</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="subNavSys">
<ul id="subSideSys">
<li>Sub-menu-1.1</li>
<li>Sub-menu-1.2</li>
<li>Sub-menu-1.3</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="subNavApp">
<ul id="subSideApp">
<li>Sub-menu-2.1</li>
<li>Sub-menu-2.2</li>
<li>Sub-menu-2.3</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="subNavAcc">
<ul id="subSideAcc">
<li>Sub-menu-3.1</li>
<li>Sub-menu-3.2</li>
<li>Sub-menu-3.3</li>
</ul>
</div>
JS
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#sys").click(function() {
$("#subNavApp").hide();
$("#subNavAcc").hide();
$("#subNavSys").fadeIn(800);
$('*').removeClass('active');
$(this).addClass('active');
});
$("#app").click(function() {
$("#subNavSys").hide();
$("#subNavAcc").hide();
$("#subNavApp").fadeIn(800);
$('*').removeClass('active');
$(this).addClass('active');
});
$("#acc").click(function() {
$("#subNavSys").hide();
$("#subNavApp").hide();
$("#subNavAcc").fadeIn(800);
$('*').removeClass('active');
$(this).addClass('active');
});
});