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Setting an element's focus only if user has tabbed to it

I am trying to make some collapsible accordion containers on my website accessible, but I am running into an issue.
The accordions are controlled by link elements on the page - this way, a keyboard-only user can tab to them and access them. The first issue I ran into was that if a user tabbed to one of the links, the page wouldn't always scroll up to show them which one they had tabbed to. I fixed this issue setting the focus using the following code, which scrolls the link to the top of the viewport:
$(".accordion .accordion-item .accordion-heading a").focus(
function()
{
$('html:not(:animated), body:not(:animated)').animate({
scrollTop: $(this).offset().top
}, 250);
}
);
The problem I am encountering now is that when a mouse-user clicks on the link, it jumps to the top of the page and does not open the container unless the mouse-user clicks the link again.
Is there a way I can set the focus code above to only fire if the link has been tabbed to? Or, is there a better way of handling the focus issue so that it works for both keyboard-only and mouse users?
Thanks!

Firstly a quick apology, having now seen your accordion is built correctly, links with in-page anchors are actually preferable if the accordion is constructed using javascript on page load and falls back to just a list of in page anchor links and content between them.
I am that used to seeing <a href="#"> on accordion openers and weird accordion implementations I jumped to conclusions, change it back from <buttons>!
Fixing your problem
Probably not the answer you are looking for but remove the .focus() function entirely.
It produces strange behaviour where if I have one accordion item open and i tab back with Alt + Tab quickly scrolling can be really confusing as it jumps around if you tab quicker than the scroll.
One of the golden rules of accessibility is to only adjusted the scroll position on a page if it is expected (i.e. a return to top button or using in-page anchors).
In the example and on your website once I disabled the 'scroll to top on focus' the site actually behaved as expected.
I understand why you did it as occasionally a link that is focused appears off the page, however this remedies itself when you tab again or by scrolling down (your site is logical so that if I tab and my focus is not visible I know it is off the page.)
This tends to happen (items not scrolling into view) when the item is just out of sight, by a px or two, it is common and ironically now falls into 'expected' behaviour (another rule, follow accepted and expected behaviour when designing components and pages).
If you really want to fix it
In your focus function instead of just scrolling to the top of the page whenever an item is focused, check if it is off the page.
Below is an example function I found (not tested) that you can use to check if the item is in the viewport, if it is then don't do anything, if it isn't then do your scroll function.
var isInViewport = function (elem) {
var bounding = elem.getBoundingClientRect();
return (
bounding.top >= 0 &&
bounding.left >= 0 &&
bounding.bottom <= (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight) &&
bounding.right <= (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth)
);
};
So roughly (yet again haven't tested that the correct items are passed in, this is just to give you an idea).
$(".accordion .accordion-item .accordion-heading a").focus(
function()
{
if(isInViewport(this) === false){
//item is not in the viewport so scroll it into view
$('html:not(:animated), body:not(:animated)').animate({
scrollTop: $(this).offset().top //I would perhaps add a couple of hundred pixels here to make the item appear in a more natural area.
}, 250); //remove the animation as a further accessibility improvement, animations can be off putting to people with motion or anxiety disorders.
}
}
);
This fixes your problem as no mouse user will ever be able to click an item that is off the page so they won't ever trigger the scroll event that causes the focus issue.

You can change the event setting: Instead focus() event you will do a click() event: When you click a link, you'll scroll up. This will solve the problem of both keyboard navigation and mouse clicking;And this is also more true in terms of accessibility.
$(".accordion .accordion-item .accordion-heading a").click(
function(e)
{
e.preventDefault();
$('html:not(:animated), body:not(:animated)').animate({
scrollTop: $(this).offset().top
}, 250);
}
);
Don't forget to change the link setting to a button by adding role=button attribute.
and add aria-expanded attribute.

How to create forced scrolling to anchors on a website on scroll

I have a site where I have each section as 100vh so it fills the height of the screen perfectly. The next step I wanted to implement was disabling the regular scrolling, and on scroll force the screen to jump smoothly to the top of the next 100vh section. Here is the example of this animation / feature:
https://www.quay.com.au/
I was having a hard time finding any answers for this as most things just deal with smooth scrolling when clicking on anchors, not actually forcing div relocation when the user scrolls up / down.
I just wanted to know what code I would need do this...
Thanks, been using stack overflow for a while but first post, let me know if there is anything I can do to make this more clear.

disclaimer: this solution needs some testing and probably a bit of improvements, but works for me
if you don't want to use a plugin and prefer a vanilla JavaScript solution I hacked together a small example how this can be achieved with JS features in the following codepen:
https://codepen.io/lehnerchristian/pen/QYPBbX
but the main part is:
function(e) {
console.log(e);
const delta = e.deltaY;
// check which direction we should scroll
if (delta > 0 && currentlyVisible.nextElementSibling) {
// scroll downwards
currentlyVisible = currentlyVisible.nextElementSibling;
} else if (delta < 0 && currentlyVisible.previousElementSibling) {
// scroll upwards
currentlyVisible = currentlyVisible.previousElementSibling;
} else {
return false;
}
// perform scroll
currentlyVisible.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth' });
e.preventDefault();
e.stopPropagation();
}
what it does is that it listens for the wheel event and then calls the callback, which intercepts the scroll event. inside the callback the direction is determined and then Element.scrollIntoView() is called to let the browser do the actual scrolling
check https://caniuse.com/#search=scrollintoview for browser support, if you're going for this solution

sticky navbar does not work on mobile while scrolling

I've created a sticky navbar for a subnav, which should stick at the top of the screen when the user scrolls down. Therefore I've tried some javascript, which changes the position to 'fixed' when the top is reached. Avoiding a gap in the content when the navbar is taken out of the flow, I've also added a placeholder, which has the same height as the navbar.
On Desktop it really works and looks how it should be. But I got a "touch" issue on mobile view. When I scroll down on mobile view the navbar will not appear during the process of scrolling over the viewpoint, where the css class is changing. It only appears when I stop scrolling after that viewpoint. When it shows up I can normally scroll up and down and I am only getting this issue again if I repeat this procedure, where the navbar has to change the css class. So it might be a problem with the css class change and I guess the problem could be in the javascript snippet. Does anybody know a solution for this? I'd like to have the same behavior like on desktop view, so the navbar is always visible and just fixed to the very top of the screen, even if it is in the flow of scrolling.
JS:
var menu = document.querySelector('#irp-localnav');
var menuPosition = menu.getBoundingClientRect();
var placeholder = document.createElement('div');
placeholder.style.width = menuPosition.width + 'px';
placeholder.style.height = menuPosition.height + 'px';
var isAdded = false;
window.addEventListener('scroll', function() {
if (window.pageYOffset >= menuPosition.top && !isAdded) {
menu.classList.add('sticky');
menu.parentNode.insertBefore(placeholder, menu);
isAdded = true;
} else if (window.pageYOffset < menuPosition.top && isAdded) {
menu.classList.remove('sticky');
menu.parentNode.removeChild(placeholder);
isAdded = false;
}
});
If you guess an error in the html/css markup, just let me know, so I get in touch with you again by posting this markup
Kind Regards

I was able to hack around. For anyone, who is facing a similiar issue:
Mobile browsers simply do not fire on a scroll event, while the event is in process. They fire when the event has stopped, so, when you've stopped scrolling. Using translate3d(0px,0px,0px) can solve this. Refer to this thread to read more about it:
iOS 9 Safari: changing an element to fixed position while scrolling won't paint until scroll stops
Kind Regards!

Switch tabs based on mouse scroll

I would like to have a widget on a webpage containing a number of tabs. When the user scrolls the page and the widget comes in to view and he keeps scrolling down, the tabs should be activated one by one (without the page scrolling further down). Once the last tab is showing, the page should resume scrolling as usual. Is this doable using JS/jQuery?
UPDATE:
Since this seems too broad a question:
The problem is, I don't know how to use the scroll offset and prevent the page from scrolling down until I decide it can resume its normal behavior
UPDATE 2
I created This fiddle,
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#tabbed').mouseover(function(){
$(this).focus();
}).scroll(function(){
console.log("scrolling tabs");
});
$(window).scroll(function(evt){
var scrollPos = $(this).scrollTop()
console.log(scrollPos);
// BULLETPROOF WAY TO DETECT IF THE MOUSE IS OVER THE
// SCROLLABLE DIV AND GIVE IT FOCUS HERE?
});
});
it contains a long page and a scrollable div among its contents. The only problem is that the div starts catching scroll events only if I move my mouse. If I could find a bulletproof way to activate the scrolling div whenever the mouse is over it I'm there. Any ideas?

You can't prevent scrolling with javascript. Using iframes and divs with scroll will only work if the mouse is over them.
You can cancel the mouse wheel and keys events related to the scrolling, however the user will be able to scroll using the scrollbar (more here).
Another approach is leaving an empty area and fixing your widget inside this area, like in this working example
$(window).bind('scroll', function()
{
var scroll = $(window).scrollTop(),
innerHeight = window.innerHeight || $(window).height(),
fooScroll = $('#fooScroll'),
emptyArea = $('#emptyArea'),
offset = emptyArea.offset(),
fixedClass = 'fixed';
if(scroll > offset.top)
{
if(scroll < offset.top + emptyArea.height() - fooScroll.height())
{
fooScroll.addClass(fixedClass);
fooScroll.css("top", 0);
}
else
{
fooScroll.removeClass(fixedClass);
fooScroll.css("top", emptyArea.height() - fooScroll.height());
}
}
else
{
fooScroll.removeClass(fixedClass);
fooScroll.css("top", 0);
}
});
Then you can change the tabs while the page is scrolling.

You should be able to do this. You can use the jQuery scroll event to run your own code whenever the user scrolls up or down. Also, so long as you call e.preventDefault() whenever the scroll event is fired, you can prevent the whole window from scrolling up or down.

prevent window for scrolling after div box scrolling

I have a small div box that has a vertical scroll bar and sits within an html page that also has a vertical scroll bar.
My problem is when the user reaches the end of the small DIV box scrolling, the ENTIRE html page that contains the div box then begins to scroll (assuming the user is scrolling via the mouse scroll and NOT by actually clicking the DIV box scroll buttons themselves)
is there a way to prevent the entire html page from scrolling once a user reaches in end of my small DIV box scroll? Any help would be much appreciated! Thank you!
I have tried this (but it cancels scrolling for even the div box):
if (window.addEventListener)
/** DOMMouseScroll is for mozilla. */
window.addEventListener('DOMMouseScroll', handleWheelEvent, false);
/** IE/Opera. */
window.onmousewheel = document.onmousewheel = handleWheelEvent;
function handleWheelEvent(e){
e.preventDefault();
}

I didn't look too much into your code and the problem, but I wanted to throw out a suggestion before I move on :P.
window.addEventListener
and
document.onmousewheel = handleWheelEvent;
are normally good ways to apply what you want to do the ENTIRE document, whereas if you want to apply a specific value (in this case scroll = false) to a specific element, then you need to set the reference to that specific reference (i.e. getElementById() and then it applies only to the element of the document).
Idk - maybe that helps, maybe it doesn't :P good luck.
-J

You would need to modify the handleWheelEvent function and check the srcElement property of the e event and call preventDefault() when it's not scrolling the DIV box. Here's a link with some code examples:
http://www.webdeveloper.com/forum/archive/index.php/t-158824.html

I had a similar problem. Google led me here. Over 1700 views, in 4 years, of an incomplete answer. I figured once I had coded a solution, I'd pop it in a JSFiddle and share it. Better late than never.
Tested on MacOSX / Chrome.
http://jsfiddle.net/mF8Pr/
My problem involved being able to scroll inside a textarea, within a lightbox, and disabling scrolling on the rest of the page beneath the overlay.
bind mouse wheel event to document
when event fires (optional: test to make sure overlay is visible)
check target is obj we want to have scrolling enabled
make sure 0 < obj.scrollTop < (obj.scrollHeight - obj.clientHeight)
check direction of attempted scroll event.originalEvent.deltaY
UP == negative
DOWN == positive
event.preventDefault()
$(document).bind('mousewheel', function(e){
//if($overlay.is(':visible'))
{
if(e.target != null && e.target.type != 'textarea')
{
e.preventDefault();
}
else
{
if(e.originalEvent.deltaY < 0 && e.target.scrollTop == 0)
{
e.preventDefault(); // already at top
}
else if(e.originalEvent.deltaY > 0 && e.target.scrollTop >=
(e.target.scrollHeight - e.target.clientHeight))
{
// must use greater than because sometimes
// the math is wrong by 1px
e.preventDefault(); // already at bottom
}
}
}
});
-Amanda