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How to slow down onclick events inside my function or make them happen gradually? Looking for smooth transition

I'm sure there is a simple fix for this and I just am unable to piece it together... In the event that the link with the id of "light_off" is clicked then I want all the little changes to take place, that part is working, but they're happening too abruptly. How do I slow them down or fade into the changes so the transition looks smoother? Do I fadeIn? Add "slow" duration? Animate? And if so, how would I implement that properly? Gee, I hope that makes sense. Any help would be appreciated! Thank you!!
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#lights_off").click(function(){
$("#lights_off").fadeOut(1000);
$("#main").addClass(" lights_on");
$('#flavoredesign_logo').attr('src','img/logofinal.png');
$("#nav").css("color","#000000");
$("#nav").css("border-bottom"," #333 solid 1px");
});
});
</script>

You can also use $.animate()
However using animate you can't set color values, but only numeric values or use 'toggle's. w3 has an excellent guide for using it.
$(function() {
var on = true;
$('#lights').on('click', function() {
if ( on ) {
$( "#lights" ).animate({
width: 100,
height: 100
}, 1000 );
} else {
$( "#lights" ).animate({
width: 200,
height: 200
}, 1000 );
}
on = !on;
});
})
I created a fiddle with sizing of an element

you can use setTimeout(function(){ /you code/ }, 200) or use css animations / transitions

As pointed out in the comments, couldn't you use the CSS transition attribute to achieve smooth class changes? You can use this to give a time frame for transitioning between different property values. For example, if you wanted to give an animation time frame for transitioning between colours:
.light {
border-radius: 50%;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
transition: background-color 1s; //Most properties can be manipulated through the transition attribute, e.g. width 1s
Then toggling between different classes with different values for background-colour:
.lights_off {
background-color: grey;
}
.lights_on {
background-color: yellow;
}
I've created a Fiddle that shows how this could be utilised to create a smooth transition.

ajax loader causing content to flicker

Pretext: I'm using Ajax to switch between SVG images in an interactive map.
I implemented a loader image into the Ajax requests, but every time it fires the old SVG completely disappears until the new SVG is added (causing the flicker).
The goal is to get the loader image to hover over the old content instead until the new SVG is completely loaded.
AJAX
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: '/doc.php',
data: { var: var },
beforeSend:function(){
$('#container').html('<div class="loader"><img src="loader.gif"/></div>');
},
success:function(data){
$('#container').empty();
$('#container').append(data);
}
});
CSS
.loader {
height:60px; width:60px;
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
position: absolute;
top: 25%;
left: 47%;
}
Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong?

It looks like they are removing and trying to populated at the same time. If you let (data) load then .delay(1000) or what ever number works then target that old image by id you could accomplish that. Another option is this:
complete: function(data){
$('#container').append(data).delay(1000).trigger(remove);
};
Function remove(){
$('#container').find('#fooImage').fadeToggle().remove();
};
This should be enough time for the new image to load and once that 1 second is up the function 'remove' is triggered.

Background not appearing with customized pseudo-popup

I'm having a problem with the background of a pseudo-popup. I use jQuery (1.7) and this tutorial to create popups in my website. Basically I have two preformatted divs (one semi-opaque to hide the rest of the page and the other - with an image as the background - containing the actual popup, with the CSS already loaded in the page) that aren't displayed and that I show when I need them to display the popup, with additional fillings for the second div (to have different popups).
My problem is that the background of the popup doesn't load, and that I end up with only the semi-opaque background and the content of the popup. However, if disable/enable the CSS background property in the console, the background reappears as it should have in the first place.
This problem has appeared relatively recently not after any modification to the actual popup function, so I don't really know where it might come from. It can't be an issue of the background image not yet loaded since it is already there when the page has loaded.
Relevant pieces of code:
HTML:
<div id='popup_container'></div>
<div id='backgroundPopup'></div>
CSS:
#backgroundPopup{
display:none;
position: fixed;
_position:absolute; /* hack for internet explorer 6*/
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
top: 0;
left: 0;
background: #000000;
border: 1px solid #cecece;
z-index: 1;
}
#popup_container{
display: none;
position: fixed;
_position:absolute; /* hack for internet explorer 6*/
height: 526px;
width: 718px;
background: url(http://cdn.mojogroups.com/Layout/popup.png) no-repeat !important;
z-index: 2;
color: #000000;
}
Javascript:
//When initializing the page
$(document).ready(function(){
//[...]
popup = new Popup();
popup.initialize();
}
function Popup(){
var popupStatus = 0;
function togglePopup(){
if(popupStatus == 0){
centerPopup();
loadPopup();
}
else
disablePopup();
}
function loadPopup(){
if(popupStatus == 0){
$('#backgroundPopup').css({
"opacity": "0.7"
});
$('#backgroundPopup').fadeIn("fast");
$('#popup_container').fadeIn("fast");
$('body').scrollTop(0);
$('body').css('overflow', 'hidden');
popupStatus = 1;
}
}
this.disablePopup = function(){
if(popupStatus == 1){
$('#backgroundPopup').fadeOut("fast");
$('#popup_container').fadeOut("fast");
$('#popup_container').empty();
$('body').css('overflow', 'auto');
popupStatus = 0;
}
}
function centerPopup(){
var windowWidth = document.documentElement.clientWidth;
var windowHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight;
var popupHeight = $('#popup_container').height();
var popupWidth = $('#popup_container').width();
$('#popup_container').css({
"position": "absolute",
"top": windowHeight/2 - popupHeight/2,
"left": windowWidth/2 - popupWidth/2
});
$('#backgroundPopup').css({
"height": windowHeight
});
}
this.initialize = function(){
$('#backgroundPopup').click(function(){
popup.disablePopup();
});
$(document).keypress(function(e){
if(e.keyCode==27)
popup.disablePopup();
});
}
this.contacts = function(){
//Fill the popup container...
centerPopup();
loadPopup();
popupDiv.fadeIn('fast');
}
What could it be?
Thanks in advance for your help!
EDIT: the site (early version) can be found here
UPDATE: At some point I thought it was due to the opacity attribute added by the loadPopup() function, so I removed that part of the code; but the bug still appears (although maybe less frequently, but it's hard to be sure since it was transient in the first place).

I know its not the ways to as query in answer but i we cant add images in comments so i m asking here. I have just gone through with your problem, what i m getting is you cann see the below screen shot. Is it correct output or not.

My jquery loading overlay doesn't show up every

For whatever reason, my jquery loading overlay doesn't load at all under any circumstance even though the same code was working just days ago. Well, not the exact same code. I have been trying to get the overlay to resize with the window, and I have been trying different things, but I don't understand what I did that caused the overlay to never even show up? Here is the code that should attach to the overlay to the correct div...
function MRNSearchInternals()
{
//debugger;
var form = $("#MRNSearch");
$div = $("#TabView1");
var srlzdform = form.serialize();
var PopID = <% =PopID %>;
var options = [];
var $url = $("#target").attr("action");
$('<div id="overlay">').css({
position: 'absolute',
opacity: 0.2,
top : $div.offset().top,
left : $div.offset().left,
width : $div.offset().width,
height : $div.outerHeight(),
background: 'blue url(<%=Url.Content("~/images/ajax-loader.gif")%>) no-repeat center'
}).hide().appendTo($div);
$("#overlay").fadeIn();
$.post('<%:Url.Action("SearchByMRN", "PatientACO")%>', srlzdform, function (data)
{
DisplayDemographicSearch(data);
$("#overlay").fadeOut();
});
}
Notice how I create the div. I give it an id, and then I call it's css atribute. From there I set all the css attributes. I then attempt to call fadeIn, and fadeOut after the ajax call. Any body have any idea why this isn't working? Any help would be great.
Some More clarification
Also notice how I chose the div to overlay. I get a div id from my dom
$div = $("#TabView1");
Also, I looked the source, and I do have that particular div in there. So that is not the problem. Somehow or the other, it simply isn't showing up.
UPDATE: The DOM I get
Below is what is produced from the jquery code. It appears as though everything is being created fine. Note also, that display is set to none. That is what I would expect since I have the overlay fade out. My question is why does it never show up.
<div class="TabView" id="TabView1">
<div class="Tabs">...</Tabs>
<div class="Pages">
<div id="overlay" style="left: 114px; top: 205px; height: 452px; display: none; position: absolute; opacity: 0.2; background-image: url("/images/ajax-loader.gif"); background-attachment: scroll; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position-x: center; background-position-y: center; background-size: auto; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box; background-color: blue;"/>
</div>

Well, the better way to create the overlay div would be
$('<div/>', {
id: 'overlay'
})
Does that solve the problem? Otherwise, the ID might not be created, or does it?
Update for the edit from your post: the "width" attribute is not set on the created overlay. What happens if that is added and set to e.g. 100px? It seems like there is something wrong with the setting of the width attribute (or the getting of the width attribute of $div).

Is this code called more than once? If so, are you removing #overlay somewhere?
Calling this code multiple times would create duplicate #overlay dom nodes which is a no-no and could explain why it doesn't work sometimes.
To remove it, change:
$("#overlay").fadeOut();
to:
$("#overlay").fadeOut('slow', function () {
$("#overlay").remove();
});

Your selector doesn't look right.
I would try:
$('#overlay').css. . . .

function MRNSearchInternals()
{
//debugger;
var form = $("#MRNSearch");
$div = $("#TabView1");
var srlzdform = form.serialize();
var PopID = <% =PopID %>;
var options = [];
var $url = $("#target").attr("action");
$('<div id="overlay">').css({
position: 'absolute',
opacity: 0.2,
top : $div.offset().top,
left : $div.offset().left,
width : $div.offset().width, //<- The problem is right here should be $div.width
height : $div.outerHeight(),
background: 'grey url(<%=Url.Content("~/images/ajax-loader.gif")%>) no-repeat center'
}).hide().appendTo($div);
$("#overlay").fadeIn();
$.post('<%:Url.Action("SearchByMRN", "PatientACO")%>', srlzdform, function (data)
{
DisplayDemographicSearch(data);
$("#overlay").fadeOut('slow', function () {
$("#overlay").remove();
});
});
}
Man. That was real hard to debugg. I wish Visual studio 2010 had better jquery debugging capability. Thankfully, the next version is supposed to be a better jquery debugger. But, the problem was the width attribute.

I can add an overlay, but I can't remove it (jQuery)

This function adds an overlay with the following properties to the entire browser screen,
$('a.cell').click(function() {
$('<div id = "overlay" />').appendTo('body').fadeIn("slow");
});
#overlay
{
background-color: black;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
display: none;
z-index: 100;
opacity: 0.5;
}
And this function is supposed to remove it.
$('#overlay').click(function() {
$(this).fadeOut("slow").remove();
});
But it seems to do absolutely nothing and now my page is stuck with a black overly over it. What's wrong with the removal?

The problem is that when you're adding the click handler, there isn't any overlay, so you're adding the handler to an empty set of elements.
To fix this, use the live method to bind your handler to all elements that match #overlay, whenever they are created.
Also, fadeOut is not a blocking call, so it returns before the element finishes fading out. Therefore, you're calling remove right after the element starts fading out.
To fix this, use fadeOut's callback parameter to call remove after the animation finishes.
For example:
$('#overlay').live(function() {
$(this).fadeOut("slow", function() { $(this).remove(); });
});

Here you go. This should fix the problem and let the overlay fade out before removing it.
$('#overlay').live("click", function() {
$(this).fadeOut("slow", function() { $(this).remove() });
});

Remove should be in the callback to fadeout, like so:
$('#overlay').live('click', function() {
$(this).fadeOut("slow", function() {
$(this).remove();
});
});

Try:
$('#overlay').live('click', function() {
$(this).fadeOut("slow").remove();
});

My recommendation is to use the jquery.tools overlay plugin. Your overlay will have a trigger (usually a button or link), but you can load or clear it with a javascript command, e.g.:
js:
var config = { closeOnClick:true, mask:{opacity:0.7, color:'#333', loadSpeed:1} }
$("#myTrigger").overlay(config); // add overlay functionality
$("#myTrigger").data("overlay").load(); // make overlay appear
$("#myTrigger").data("overlay").close(); // make overlay disappear
html:
<div id="myOverlay" style="display:none;">Be sure to set width and height css.</div>
<button id="myTrigger" rel="#myOverlay">show overlay</button>