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Javascript ajax request callback without waiting for response

I know we can make a javascript ajax request from some server and it either receives the response or gives timeout error after some time.
Let's consider this scenario when we don't want to wait for the request rather the server would send a response(or we can say it would be another request from server to client) async at any time after getting the request and then call a javascript CB function with the response.
I am looking for ideas for how to go about it mainly supporting all modern browsers and if possible not relying on any 3rd party plugin except may be jQuery.

The main feature of Ajax is that it IS asynchronous by default, and your program will continue to run without waiting for the response. So unless I'm misreading your question, it is what you need.
If you use jquery, then you pass in a callback function that will execute only when the server sends back a response. You can specify a timeout in the settings, though I'm not sure what the maximum time you can provide without getting a timeout error. But it will be several seconds, at least.
You can even specify different callbacks for success and fail as follows (adapted from the jquery ajax API, but added a timeout of 5 seconds):
var request = $.ajax({
url: "http://www.some.url/",
method: "GET",
data: { some : stuff },
dataType: "html",
timeout: 5000
});
request.done(function( data ) {
console.log( "SUCCESS: " + data );
});
request.fail(function() {
console.log( "Request failed");
});

I came across this question after 4 years. I dont remember in what context I asked this but for anyone who has the same query:
Http is a request/response protocol. Which means the client sends a request and the server responds to that request with some message/data. Thats the end of the story for that request.
In order for the server to trigger something on the clientside we will have to use something that keeps the connection to the server rather than ending the communication after getting the response. Socket.io is bi directional event driven library that solves this problem.

To update a cart (PHP Session storage and reserve the stock of items in database) on my online shop, I simply add a timeout of 100ms after calling it and remove Success/Error callback.
$.ajax({
url: 'http://www.some.url/',
method: 'GET',
data: {
some : 'stuff'
},
dataType: 'html',
timeout: 100
});
Note : It doesn't matter if some requests didn't arrive, because when the order is saved, an update of the whole cart is sent with a callback.
If your query needs acknowledge, don't use that solution !

I believe your question is similar to this
by Paul Tomblin. I use the answer provided by gdoron, which is also marked as the best solution, and also the comment by AS7K.
$.ajax({
url: "theURL",
data: theData
});
NB: No async parameter provided.

How can i stop hanging page when a request is send via Ajax

I am facing a serious issue... Whenever i use Ajax to send a request and get an response my browser got hanged.. and show no loading etc...
But when i response is retrieved from the Ajax then browser and page again start working...
Below is the code that i used.....
function ShowContestStatus(contestID)
{
$("#showContestDetails").html('<div class="loadercontest"><img src="assets/images/loading.gif">Loading Contest....</div>');
$("#RadioGroup1_0, #RadioGroup1_1, #RadioGroup1_2").prop('disabled', true);
$.ajax({
url:"process/processMyContest.php",
type:'POST',
cache:false,
async:false,
data : {act : 'showcontest', cid : contestID },
success:function(result)
{
$("#showContestDetails").html(result);
$("#RadioGroup1_0, #RadioGroup1_1, #RadioGroup1_2").prop('disabled', false);
}
});
}
Please help me on this... i want to get the same response as on other websites when you send a request and they are using ajax the page neither hanged and also each processing like scrolling etc is visible ......
So please suggest me good ideas.... so i can get rid of it and make my ajax smooth for page without effecting and irritate the other person by hanged...
Thanks in advance...:)

The problem is async:false... Since your ajax request is synchronous the script execution will wait for the request to complete to continue..
Since browser uses a single threaded execution pattern(either it will execute script or repaint or wait for user events at a time- not all at the same time), your browser tab will stop listening to user(so it will look like it is hanged)
function ShowContestStatus(contestID) {
$("#showContestDetails").html('<div class="loadercontest"><img src="assets/images/loading.gif">Loading Contest....</div>');
$("#RadioGroup1_0, #RadioGroup1_1, #RadioGroup1_2").prop('disabled', true);
$.ajax({
url: "process/processMyContest.php",
type: 'POST',
cache: false,
//remove async: false,
data: {
act: 'showcontest',
cid: contestID
},
success: function (result) {
$("#showContestDetails").html(result);
$("#RadioGroup1_0, #RadioGroup1_1, #RadioGroup1_2").prop('disabled', false);
}
});
}
Ajax.async
By default, all requests are sent asynchronously (i.e. this is set to
true by default). If you need synchronous requests, set this option to
false. Cross-domain requests and dataType: "jsonp" requests do not
support synchronous operation. Note that synchronous requests may
temporarily lock the browser, disabling any actions while the request
is active. As of jQuery 1.8, the use of async: false with jqXHR
($.Deferred) is deprecated; you must use the success/error/complete
callback options instead of the corresponding methods of the jqXHR
object such as jqXHR.done() or the deprecated jqXHR.success().

Make async:true for making the browser listen other events while running the ajax code.

JavaScript for loop prevent continuing until upload complete

To upload multiple files, I am using JavaScript to loop through the files.
To upload the files I am using the jQuery form plugin http://archive.plugins.jquery.com/project/form
Now, when the loop runs through, it runs to the end of the loop instantly, and uploads all files in one go.
Is there a way to get the loop to hold off during each upload?
This is an example of the loop im using (the actual code is quite large)
for(i=0;i<=num;i++)
{
if(go1){
<?php //if 1 upload only, hide add and upload button ?>
$('#ad,#ok').hide();
var z=i;
$('#up'+i).ajaxSubmit({
dataType:"json",
beforeSubmit:function(before){
$('#loadingsignup').show;
$("#resultsignup").empty().hide();
},
success:function(retour){
res=retour;
if(num<1){ <?php // only one upload, redirect if uploaded correct, reintroduce upload button if error ?>
if(res.ok=="ok"){
window.location.replace('<?php echo $config['baseurl']; ?>/player/'+res.aid);
}else{
$('#rs'+z).append('<div class="pasgood">'+res.err+'</div>').show();
$('#ad,#ok').show();
}
}
}
});
}
}
I really need the loop to move through the uploads one at a time.

No, the loop is synchronous while the upload is asynchronous. If you want the uploads to happen one after the other, you will need to fire the second one from the success callback of the first one etc.
function upload(i, suc, err) {
if (i > num)
return suc();
$('#up'+i).ajaxSubmit({
dataType:"json",
beforeSubmit:function(before){
$('#loadingsignup').show();
$("#resultsignup").empty().hide();
},
success:function(res){
if(res.ok=="ok"){
$('#ad,#ok').show();
upload(i+1, suc, err); // next one
} else {
$('#rs'+i).append('<div class="pasgood">'+res.err+'</div>').show();
err(res.err); // or continue with the rest?
}
},
error: err
});
}
upload(0, function allDone(){
window.location.replace('<?php echo $config['baseurl']; ?>/player/');
}, function somethingWrong(){ … });

Use async: false as $.ajax() param. This will avoid sending files at once, $.ajax will wait until execution of the request complete, thean the cycle will continue to the next item.
DOCS:
By default, all requests are sent asynchronously (i.e. this is set to true by default). If you need synchronous requests, set this option to false. Cross-domain requests and dataType: "jsonp" requests do not support synchronous operation. Note that synchronous requests may temporarily lock the browser, disabling any actions while the request is active. As of jQuery 1.8, the use of async: false with jqXHR ($.Deferred) is deprecated; you must use the complete/success/error callbacks.
But anyway you need an syncronious execution.

Javascript Synchronization with JSON Requests

How can I make sure that a piece of code has executed completely before executing another? I am sending some ajax requests to a server and then using the returned data to generate the rest of the webpage. the things is, is that i need to have all that data in the webpage to proceed with the rest of the code as that code will affect what has been generated and, that code, runs before the json requests and all of that have finished... is there any way I can make sure this does not happen? I managed to solve it by performing the requests and then asking the user to press a button but that is a total no-sense way of doing it.
Any ideas?
Here is some code: The problem is that the second line is executed before the first (there are many calls to similar JSON functions).
$.getJSON(url, function(data){ $("#mycontent").append("..... stuff here...... create loads of dibs with class set to mydivclass"); });
...
$("div.mydivclass").hide();
Unforunately I cannot use the ajax synchronous property because: "dataType: "jsonp" requests do not support synchronous operations"

If you are using jQuery 1.5+ you can make use of deferreds to solve your issue:
function first_ajax_request() {
return jQuery.ajax(
// Your settings here
success: success_function_1
);
}
function second_ajax_request() {
return jQuery.ajax(
// Your settings here
success: success_function_2
);
}
function final_sucess_callback() {
// Do all your display work.
}
jQuery.when(first_ajax_request(),
second_ajax_request()).then(final_success_callback);
There is an excellent article on the topic that you should read up on as well by Eric Hynds. He gives some examples of exactly the kind of problem you are trying to solve.

jquery requests are asynchonize by default , so your code does not wait for the response , so you have no guarantee that code after request will execute after the response , so you can set the request synchronize by set the async property false , now the request is synchronize and you can gurantee the rest of the code will execute after the response from the server ,
like this .
$.ajax({
url: "page.php",
processData: false,
data: xmlDocument,,
async:false,
success: handleResponse
});

How can I do a synchronous request with jQuery?

Why don't return that function the responseText?
function LoadBookmarksAsXml()
{
return $.ajax(
{
type: 'GET',
async: false,
url: 'http://www.google.com/bookmarks/?output=xml&num=10000'
}).responseText;
}
(It works if I define a success-callback-function and set async to true!)
Thanks in advance!!
Edit: Don't worry about the cross-domain call; user603003 says (in a comment on a now-deleted answer) that this is in a Chrome extension where cross-domain requests are allowed.
The solution if someone wants to do the same:
return $.ajax(
{
type: 'GET',
async: false,
url: 'http://www.google.com/bookmarks/?output=xml&num=10000',
});
(You will get a XMLHTTPRequest object.)

I'm not immediately seeing why it's not returning it, but I'd still use a success callback:
function LoadBookmarksAsXml()
{
var result;
$.ajax(
{
type: 'GET',
async: false,
url: 'http://www.google.com/bookmarks/?output=xml&num=10000',
success: function(data) {
result = data;
}
});
return result;
}
Even though $.ajax returns an XMLHttpRequest object (in 1.4 or earlier) or a jqXHR object (in 1.5+), I'd still prefer using a success function and an error function for clarity. Also, different versions of jQuery give you different values for responseText on error (at least on Chrome; 1.4.4 returns an empty string, 1.5.0 returns undefined).
If there's any way you can avoid it, avoid it. Synchronous requests completely lock up the UI of most browsers (not just your page's UI, every page in every tab that browser is managing). Since ajax requests can take a second or two (or five, or ten), this makes for a very unpleasant user experience. Nearly all the time, you can avoid it by refactoring your function so it accepts a callback to use to supply the result:
function LoadBookmarksAsXml(callback)
{
$.ajax(
{
type: 'GET',
url: 'http://www.google.com/bookmarks/?output=xml&num=10000',
success: function(data) {
callback(data);
},
error: function() {
callback(null);
}
});
}
Off-topic: I'll be surprised if the request works at all, though, because on the face of it (unless you work for Google), that request will fail because of the Same Origin Policy. Various ways to get around the SOP:
JSONP
CORS (but it requires browser support and that www.google.com allow the request from your origin)
Using YQL as a proxy

$.ajax never returns the response text, it always returns the XMLHTTPRequest object created to make the Ajax call.
You'll still need to define a success callback I think, e.g. one setting a local variable which you can then return.
Standard disclaimer: Synchronous requests are a usually discouraged practice because they can freeze the current page.

Waiting for the response of a function is not asyncronous, the ajax call will have a response when it is done, you have to take care of the response then, by defining callbacks for the successful event.
You have ti break up your code to at least two parts. First part is before the ajax call, second part is after the success, and put everything you want to do with the requested data in the success callback. Asyncronous requests work this way.

Doing that is a really bad idea. Javascript will block for the duration of the HTTP request, which is to say nothing else in the UI thread will run until the ajax call returns. Use a callback.

By design, asynchronous requests can't deliver a responseText out of the blue ;-)
You HAVE to set a callback function and decide how you will handle the responseText.