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Append class name to an iframe id that is included under a div class

I have the following code
<div id="ad">
<div id="adsensebanner">
<iframe id="google_ad_randomnumber">
</iframe>
</div>
</div>
and I'm searching of a way to make it like this, using jQuery and CSS attributes matching:
<div id="ad">
<div id="adsensebanner" class="addedclass">
<iframe id="google_ad_randomnumber">
</iframe>
</div>
</div>
Any ideas for searching for div that has another parent div and appending a class to the child one?

Your comments on various answers suggest your HTML is invalid and has more than one id="adsensebanner" in it, but just one id="ad" in it.
Your best bet is to make the HTML valid. There can be only one element with id="adsensebanner" in it.
However, if for some reason you want to only target that one element when it's inside id="ad":
document.querySelector("#ad #adsensebanner").classList.add("addedclass");
or with jQuery:
$("#ad #adsensebanner").addClass("addedclass");
That says "Add 'addedclass' to #adsensebanner only if it's inside #ad." There can be valid use-cases (if the one element with id="adsensebanner" may or may not be within #ad and you don't want to add the class if not), but they're rare.
If you correct the HTML to only have one id="adsensebanner", and you always want to add the class, then:
document.getElementById("adsensebanner").classList.add("addedclass");
or with jQuery:
$("#adsensebanner").addClass("addedclass");
In a comment you've said:
The double division check will definately work, however, my second div's ID name varies, so I would like to have it selected via an attr, like div[id*='adsensebanner']. Is there any workaround for this?
Yes, you can use any of the attribute substring selectors. For instance, if the id will always start with adsensebanner (id="adsensebanner1", id="adsensebanner2", etc.), then the selector to use with querySelector or jQuery would be "#ad div[id^=adsensebanner]". (Or you can use the contains one you mentioned, *=, or $= if it always ends with something.)

Try below:
$('#adsensebanner', window.parent.document).addClass("addedclass");

Simple JS can do the trick. And I can't see this div is inside the iFrame.
var p = document.getElementById("ad");
p.querySelector("[id='adsensebanner']").classList.add("addedClass");
<div id="ad">
<div id="adsensebanner">
<iframe id="google_ad_randomnumber">
</iframe>
</div>
</div>

This is only by JavaScript:
document.getElementById("ad").getElementsByTagName("div")[0].classList.add("addedClass");
$( "#ad div:nth-last-child(1)" ).addClass("addedClass");
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="ad">
<div id="adsensebanner">
<iframe id="google_ad_randomnumber">
</iframe>
</div>
</div>
<div id="ad1">
<div id="adsensebanner">
<iframe id="google_ad_randomnumber">
</iframe>
</div>
</div>
This will add a class only to div which have parent div id="ad"

How to select leaf tags of an html document using jsoup

I am using jsoup to parse an html document. I need to extract all the child div elements. This is basically div tags without nested div tags. I used the following in java to extract div tags,
Elements bodyTag = document.select("div:not(div>div)");
Here is an example:
<div id="header">
<div class="container">
<div id="header-logo">
<a href="/" title="mekay.com">
<div id="logo">
</div> </a>
</div>
<div id="header-banner">
<div data-type="ad" data-publisher="lqm.j2ee.site" data-zone="ron">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
I need to extract only the following:
<div id="logo">
</div>
<div data-type="ad" data-publisher="lqm.j2ee.site" data-zone="ron">
</div>
Instead, the above code snippet is returning all the div tags. So, could you please help me figure out what is wrong with this selector

This one is perfectly working
Elements innerMostDivs = doc.select("div:not(:has(div))");
Try it online
add your html file
add css query as div:not(:has(div))
check resulted elements

If you want only div leafs that do not have any children then use this
Elements emptyDivs = document.select("div:empty");
The selector you are using now means fetch me all the divs that are not direct children of another div. It is normal that it brings the very first parent div, because the div id="header" is not a direct child of a div. Most likely its parent is body.

Selecting only one div of entire css class in jQuery

my goal is to show an overlay on a div when that div is hovered on. The normal div is called .circleBase.type1 and the overlay is circleBase.overlay. I have multiple of these divs on my page. When I hover over one .cirlceBase.type1, overlays show on every .circleBase.type1. How do I prevent this?
Here is some code:
HTML
<div class="circleBase type1">
<p class="hidetext">Lorem ipsum</p>
<hr size="10">
<strong class="gray hidetext">gdroel</strong>
</div>
<div class="circleBase overlay">
<p class="date">11/12/14</p>
</div>
and jQuery
$(document).ready(function(){
$('.overlay').hide();
$('.date').hide();
$(".circleBase.type1").mouseenter(function(){
$(".overlay").fadeIn("fast");
$('.date').show();
$('.hidetext').hide();
});
$(".overlay").mouseleave(function(){
$(this).fadeOut("fast");
$('.date').hide();
$('.hidetext').show();
});
});

Use $(this) to get current element reference and do like this:
$(".circleBase.type1").mouseenter(function(){
$(this).next(".overlay").fadeIn("fast");
$(this).next(".overlay").find('.date').show();
$(this).find('.hidetext').hide();
});
and:
$(".overlay").mouseleave(function(){
$(this).fadeOut("fast");
$(this).find('.date').hide();
$(this).prev(".circleBase").find('.hidetext').show();
});

usually when I want to target something specific you just give it an ID.
ID's play better in JavaScript than classes.
If you had a specific container, using the container as your starting point is a good route as well
$('#container').find('.something.type1').doSomething();
This is much more efficient for jquery, because it only searches .something.type1 inside of #container.

Well I'm not sure exactly what you're looking to do, but it looks like you want to replace content in some kind of circle with a hover text, but with a fade. To do that you'll have to add some CSS and it would be best to change your HTML structure too.
The HTML should look like this:
<div class="circleContainer">
<div class="circleBase">
<p>Lorem ipsum</p>
<hr>
<strong class="gray">gdroel</strong>
</div>
<div class="overlay" style="display: none;">
<p class="date">11/12/14</p>
</div>
</div>
so your js can look like this:
$(function(){
$(".circleContainer").mouseenter(function(){
$(this).find(".overlay")
$(this).find('.circleBase').hide();
});
$(".circleContainer").mouseleave(function(){
$(this).find('.circleBase').show();
$(this).find(".overlay").hide();
});
});
Here's a working solution that includes some CSS to make it nice. Try taking it out and running it, you'll see the problems right away.

Trying to traverse the DOM so unique video will play when certain div is clicked

So, I have a requirement for dynamically generated content blocks on a page. These blocks have a thumbnail and when it is clicked, it should open a modal, and display an unique overlay window, as well as as the unique associated video.
I am trying to write some generic JavaScript that will traverse the DOM tree properly, so that when any particular thumbnail is clicked, a modal, the associated overlay, and the associated video will open.
Here is an example of what I have now (there are many of these, dynamically added):
<div class="block">
<div class="thumbnail">
//Thumbnail image
</div>
<p>Video Description</p>
<div class="window hide">
<div class="video hide">
//Video content
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="modal" class="hide"></div>
and after attempting to do a bunch of different things, I ended up trying to do something like this for the JavaScript, which doesn't work:
$(".thumbnail").on("click",function(){
$("#modal").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
$(this).closest(".window").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
$(this).closest(".video").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
});
CSS is very basic:
.hide { display: none; }
.show { display: block; }
Trying to make the click function generic as possible so it would work on any .thumbnail that was clicked. I've also interchanged find(".window") and children(".window") but nothing happens. Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong? Thanks!

Depending on what you actually want your classes to be, I'd use this code:
$(".thumbnail").on("click", function () {
var $block = $(this).closest(".block");
$block.find(".window, .video").add("#modal").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
});
DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/gLMSF/ (using different, yet similar code)
It actually finds the right elements, based on the clicked .thumbnail. It finds its containing .block element, then looks at its descendants to find the .window and .video elements.
If you actually want to include . in your attributes, you need to escape them for jQuery selection.
As for styling, you should probably just have the styling be display: block; by default, and then toggle the hide class. It's less work, and makes more sense logically.

You have a huge issue with your class names in HTML:
<div class=".block">
it should be
<div class="block">
Your modal is the only one that has the class properly named. Your DOM traversals will not work because they are looking for "block" but it's called ".block"
So fix it all to this and you should find more success:
<div class="block">
<div class="thumbnail">
//Thumbnail image
</div>
<p>Video Description</p>
<div class="window hide">
<div class="video hide">
//Video content
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="modal" class="hide"></div>

Your code won't work because your selectors have periods (.) in your classes if that's actually what you want, you should try it like this:
$(".\\.thumbnail").on("click",function(){
$("#modal").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
$(this).closest("\\.window").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
$(this).closest("\\.video").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
});
Otherwise just try removing the periods from the classes...
Also, you're using .closest() incorrectly, as it looks up through ancestors in the DOM tree...
You should change your code to:
$(".\\.thumbnail").on("click",function(){
$(this).next("\\.window").children(".video")
.addBack().add("#modal").removeClass("hide").addClass("show");
});

Need a more elegant way of finding an element in the dom tree with jQuery

I have a few elements flying around in an element that need to be altered when the window finishes loading ($(window).load...)
When the script loads, I've been struggling to find a more elegant way of finding a string.
Noticeably below, you can also see the rampant re-use of parent and next operators...
I've tried closest but it only goes up the dom tree once (from what I understand) and parents has never really worked for me, but I could be using it wrong.
Ex.
$(window).load( function(){
if($(".postmetadata:contains('Vancity Buzz')").length){
$(this).parent().parent().next().next().next().next('.articleImageThumb img').hide();
}
});
HTML output this runs through looks like this:
<div class="boxy">
<div class="read">
<div class="postmetadata">Vancity Buzz</div>
<div class="articleTitle"></div>
</div>
<div class="rightCtrls"></div>
<div class="initialPostLoad"></div>
<div class="ajaxBoxLoadSource"></div>
<div class="articleImageThumb">
<a href="#">
<img src="image.png" class="attachment-large wp-post-image" alt=""/>
</a>
</div>
</div>

I think you want to do this:
$(".postmetadata:contains('Vancity Buzz')")
.closest('.read') //Closest will get you to the parent with class .read
.siblings('.articleImageThumb').hide(); //this will get you all the siblings with class articleImageThumb
this refers to window there not the element you are checking in the if condition.
Fiddle
I don't know if your intention is to have the empty anchor tag just by hiding the image. if so just add a find to it.

You can just do this
$('.articleImageThumb img').toggle($(".postmetadata:contains('Vancity Buzz')").length)
If there are multiple divs and you do need to traverse then there are multiple ways
$(".boxy:has(.postmetadata:contains('Vancity Buzz'))").find('.articleImageThumb img').hide()
or
$('.postmetadata:contains("Vancity Buzz")').closest('.boxy').find('.articleImageThumb img').hide()
or
$(".boxy:has(.postmetadata:contains('Vancity Buzz')) .articleImageThumb img").hide()

Have you looked into parents http://api.jquery.com/parents/ you can pass a selector like so:
$(this).parents('.boxy').find(".articleImageThumb")
Careful though, If there is a parent boxy to that boxy, parents() will return it and thus you find multiple .articleImageThumb.