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JAVASCRIPT - if last character is : (colon), change font weight

Is it possible to change font weight if last character is colon with JavaScript?
I have site, where people can add recipe. And i want to highlight parts of ingredients of recipe. For example:
topping:
-chocolate
-milk
filling:
-...
-...
I searched and i found that codes:
for last character
if (myString.charAt(myString.length - 1) == ':')
and for weight change
function changeWeight(600)
{
document.getElementById("id_1").style.fontWeight = fontWeight;
}
I do not know how to write the code to work. I am beginner.
Thank you very much.

Try this
if (myString.charAt(myString.length - 1) == ':') {
changeWeight("600");
}
function changeWeight(weight) {
document.getElementById("id_1").style.fontWeight = weight;
}

It seems that you want to make specific text bold, not all text within an element. You would need to get the text out of the element, change it, and put it back.
You can use code like this to but a bold tag around all words in the element that ends with a colon:
var element = document.getElementById("id_1");
var text = element.innerHTML;
text = text.replace(/([A-Za-z]+:)/g, '<strong>$1</strong>');
element.innerHTML = text;
Note: For that to work properly, you can't have other HTML elements inside the element that has words with colons in the actual markup. I you have for example SO in the code, it would break because of the http: in the link.
If you have that single word alone in an element, you would get the text and check for the colon:
var element = document.getElementById("id_1");
var text = element.innerHTML;
if (text.charAt(text.length - 1)) == ':') {
element.style.fontWeight = 'bold';
}

Equivalent of PHP preg_match, substr in javaScript

i'm makeing a tinyMce plugin that change word/letter space between highlighted text. My fn() looks like this:
function wordsLettersSpace(words, letters) {
var inst = tinyMCE.activeEditor;
var currSelection = $.trim(inst.selection.getSel());
if(currSelection != ""){
var content = "";
content = inst.selection.getContent({
format: 'html'
});
contentReplace = '<span style="word-spacing: '+words+'px; letter-spacing: '+letters+'px;">' + inst.selection.getContent({
format: 'html'
}) + '</span>';
inst.selection.setContent(content.replace(content, contentReplace));
window.alert(content);
}else{
Hyphenator.hyphenate(inst.getBody(), language);
}
tinyMceUpdate();
}
Now i need to find closest tag before select start position (if exist) and get style values of "word-spacing" and "letter-spacing". Also i need to get rid of any inside of selection, but only tags not the text, knowing that span tags can have different styles so simple str.replace won't work.
I know that there is a built-in plugin for that, but i need to do it outside of tinyMce iframe, and customize it.
Any sugestions?

JS regexes are available and do exactly what you want with preg_match.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions
Substring in javascript is str.substr(start, length)

The first letter of each <h3> into a hyperlink

Using javascript I'm looping through my H3 elements like this:
$('h3').each(function(){ });
I'm then generating an anchor for that tag formatted like this: "section-x" where x increments for each H3 on the page. The problem I have is that I'd like the first letter of the header to be an anchor link, like this:
*H*eading
.. where H is underlined, representing a link. I can format the anchors however I don't know how to wrap a hyperlink tag around the first letter in each heading. Some help would be greatly appreciated.
Regards,
kvanberendonck

Something like this?
$('h3').each(function(){
var currentHeading = $(this).text();
$(this).html("<a href='link'>" + currentHeading.substr(0,1) + "</a>" + currentHeading.substr(1, currentHeading.length - 1));
});

Let's throw some plain javascript into the mix:
$('h3').html(function(i){
var self = $(this)
, html = self.html()
return html[0].anchor('section-'+i) + html.substring(1)
})
html (and most other setter functions) accepts a function as an argument and uses the return value for each element
"string".link(target) creates the code string. A nice vintage useful method
edit: switched from .link to .anchor. Anchors are deprecated though, you should start using IDs for that:
$('h3').html(function(i){
var self = $(this)
, text = self.text()
// give the H3 an id and link to it
// ideally the headers should already have an id
this.id = 'section-'+i
return text[0].link('#section-'+i) + text.substring(1)
})

$('h3').each(function(i){
var firstLetter = $(this).text()[0];
$(this).html('' + firstLetter + '' + $(this).text().substr(1));
});
Not sure where you'd like to put section-x in that heading, but you can use i inside that each() to get the current iteration index.

JavaScript RegExp match text ignoring HTML

Is it possible to match "the dog is really really fat" in "The <strong>dog</strong> is really <em>really</em> fat!" and add "<span class="highlight">WHAT WAS MATCHED</span>" around it?
I don't mean this specifically, but generally be able to search text ignoring HTML, keeping it in the end result, and just add the span above around it all?
EDIT:
Considering the HTML tag overlapping problem, would it be possible to match a phrase and just add the span around each of the matched words? The problem here is that I don't want the word "dog" matched when it's not in the searched context, in this case, "the dog is really really fat."

Update:
Here is a working fiddle that does what you want. However, you will need to update the htmlTagRegEx to handle matching on any HTML tag, as this just performs a simple match and will not handle all the cases.
http://jsfiddle.net/briguy37/JyL4J/
Also, below is the code. Basically, it takes out the html elements one by one, then does a replace in the text to add the highlight span around the matched selection, and then pushes back in the html elements one by one. It's ugly, but it's the easiest way I could think of to get it to work...
function highlightInElement(elementId, text){
var elementHtml = document.getElementById(elementId).innerHTML;
var tags = [];
var tagLocations= [];
var htmlTagRegEx = /<{1}\/{0,1}\w+>{1}/;
//Strip the tags from the elementHtml and keep track of them
var htmlTag;
while(htmlTag = elementHtml.match(htmlTagRegEx)){
tagLocations[tagLocations.length] = elementHtml.search(htmlTagRegEx);
tags[tags.length] = htmlTag;
elementHtml = elementHtml.replace(htmlTag, '');
}
//Search for the text in the stripped html
var textLocation = elementHtml.search(text);
if(textLocation){
//Add the highlight
var highlightHTMLStart = '<span class="highlight">';
var highlightHTMLEnd = '</span>';
elementHtml = elementHtml.replace(text, highlightHTMLStart + text + highlightHTMLEnd);
//plug back in the HTML tags
var textEndLocation = textLocation + text.length;
for(i=tagLocations.length-1; i>=0; i--){
var location = tagLocations[i];
if(location > textEndLocation){
location += highlightHTMLStart.length + highlightHTMLEnd.length;
} else if(location > textLocation){
location += highlightHTMLStart.length;
}
elementHtml = elementHtml.substring(0,location) + tags[i] + elementHtml.substring(location);
}
}
//Update the innerHTML of the element
document.getElementById(elementId).innerHTML = elementHtml;
}

Naah... just use the good old RegExp ;)
var htmlString = "The <strong>dog</strong> is really <em>really</em> fat!";
var regexp = /<\/?\w+((\s+\w+(\s*=\s*(?:\".*?"|'.*?'|[^'\">\s]+))?)+\s*|\s*)\/?>/gi;
var result = '<span class="highlight">' + htmlString.replace(regexp, '') + '</span>';

A simpler way with JQuery would be.
originalHtml = $("#div").html();
newHtml = originalHtml.replace(new RegExp(keyword + "(?![^<>]*>)", "g"), function(e){
return "<span class='highlight'>" + e + "</span>";
});
$("#div").html(newHtml);
This works just fine for me.

Here is a working regex example to exclude matches inside html tags as well as javascripts:
http://refiddle.com/lwy6
Use this regex in a replace() script.
/(a)(?!([^<])*?>)(?!<script[^>]*?>)(?![^<]*?<\/script>|$)/gi

this.keywords.forEach(keyword => {
el.innerHTML = el.innerHTML.replace(
RegExp(keyword + '(?![^<>]*>)', 'ig'),
matched => `<span class=highlight>${matched}</span>`
)
})

You can use string replace with this expression </?\w*> and you'll get your string

If you use jQuery, you can use the text property on the element containing the text you're searching for. Given this markup:
<p id="the-text">
The <strong>dog</strong> is really <em>really</em> fat!
</p>
This would yield "The dog is really really fat!":
$('#the-text').text();
You could do your regex search on that text instead of trying to do so in the markup.
Without jQuery, I'm unsure of an easy way to extract and concatenate the text nodes from all child elements.

JavaScript to add HTML tags around content

I was wondering if it is possible to use JavaScript to add a <div> tag around a word in an HTML page.
I have a JS search that searches a set of HTML files and returns a list of files that contain the keyword. I'd like to be able to dynamically add a <div class="highlight"> around the keyword so it stands out.
If an alternate search is performed, the original <div>'s will need to be removed and new ones added. Does anyone know if this is even possible?
Any tips or suggestions would be really appreciated.
Cheers,
Laurie.

In general you will need to parse the html code in order to ensure that you are only highlighting keywords and not invisible text or code (such as alt text attributes for images or actual markup). If you do as Jesse Hallett suggested:
$('body').html($('body').html().replace(/(pretzel)/gi, '<b>$1</b>'));
You will run into problems with certain keywords and documents. For example:
<html>
<head><title>A history of tables and tableware</title></head>
<body>
<p>The table has a fantastic history. Consider the following:</p>
<table><tr><td>Year</td><td>Number of tables made</td></tr>
<tr><td>1999</td><td>12</td></tr>
<tr><td>2009</td><td>14</td></tr>
</table>
<img src="/images/a_grand_table.jpg" alt="A grand table from designer John Tableius">
</body>
</html>
This relatively simple document might be found by searching for the word "table", but if you just replace text with wrapped text you could end up with this:
<<span class="highlight">table</span>><tr><td>Year</td><td>Number of <span class="highlight">table</span>s made</td></tr>
and this:
<img src="/images/a_grand_<span class="highlight">table</span>.jpg" alt="A grand <span class="highlight">table</span> from designer John <span class="highlight">Table</span>ius">
This means you need parsed HTML. And parsing HTML is tricky. But if you can assume a certain quality control over the html documents (i.e. no open-angle-brackets without closing angle brackets, etc) then you should be able to scan the text looking for non-tag, non-attribute data that can be further-marked-up.
Here is some Javascript which can do that:
function highlight(word, text) {
var result = '';
//char currentChar;
var csc; // current search char
var wordPos = 0;
var textPos = 0;
var partialMatch = ''; // container for partial match
var inTag = false;
// iterate over the characters in the array
// if we find an HTML element, ignore the element and its attributes.
// otherwise try to match the characters to the characters in the word
// if we find a match append the highlight text, then the word, then the close-highlight
// otherwise, just append whatever we find.
for (textPos = 0; textPos < text.length; textPos++) {
csc = text.charAt(textPos);
if (csc == '<') {
inTag = true;
result += partialMatch;
partialMatch = '';
wordPos = 0;
}
if (inTag) {
result += csc ;
} else {
var currentChar = word.charAt(wordPos);
if (csc == currentChar && textPos + (word.length - wordPos) <= text.length) {
// we are matching the current word
partialMatch += csc;
wordPos++;
if (wordPos == word.length) {
// we've matched the whole word
result += '<span class="highlight">';
result += partialMatch;
result += '</span>';
wordPos = 0;
partialMatch = '';
}
} else if (wordPos > 0) {
// we thought we had a match, but we don't, so append the partial match and move on
result += partialMatch;
result += csc;
partialMatch = '';
wordPos = 0;
} else {
result += csc;
}
}
if (inTag && csc == '>') {
inTag = false;
}
}
return result;
}

Wrapping is pretty easy with jQuery:
$('span').wrap('<div class="highlight"></div>'); // wraps spans in a b tag
Then, to remove, something like this:
$('div.highlight').each(function(){ $(this).after( $(this).text() ); }).remove();
Sounds like you will have to do some string splitting, though, so wrap may not work unless you want to pre-wrap all your words with some tag (ie. span).

The DOM API does not provide a super easy way to do this. As far as I know the best solution is to read text into JavaScript, use replace to make the changes that you want, and write the entire content back. You can do this either one HTML node at a time, or modify the whole <body> at once.
Here is how that might work in jQuery:
$('body').html($('body').html().replace(/(pretzel)/gi, '<b>$1</b>'));

couldn't you just write a selector as such to wrap it all?
$("* :contains('foo')").wrap("<div class='bar'></div>");
adam wrote the code above to do the removal:
$('div.bar').each(function(){ $(this).after( $(this).text() ); }).remove();
edit: on second thought, the first statement returns an element which would wrap the element with the div tag and not the sole word. maybe a regex replace would be a better solution here.