Is there a feasible way to trigger CSS keyframe animation using JS? - javascript

Naturally, we can create a CSS animation using keyframes, and control it from there.
However, ideally, I would like to trigger this animation from a button click - so the button click would be an event...
#keyframes fade-in {
0% {opacity: 0;}
100% {opacity: 1;}
}
Now, on click, I want to trigger this animation; as opposed to from within the CSS animation property.

see here jsfiddle
if you want your animation to work every time you press the button use this code :
$('button').click(function() {
$(".fademe").addClass('animated');
setTimeout(function() {
$(".fademe").removeClass('animated');
}, 1500);
});
where 1500 is the animation-duration in this case, 1.5s
$('button').click(function() {
$(".fademe").addClass('animated');
setTimeout(function() {
$(".fademe").removeClass('animated');
}, 1500);
});
.fademe {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: red;
}
.fademe.animated {
animation: fade-in 1.5s ease;
}
#keyframes fade-in {
0% {
opacity: 0;
}
100% {
opacity: 1;
}
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div class="fademe">
</div>
<button>CLICK ME</button>
EXPLANATION :
on click on the button add class animated ( or any other class ) to the element you want to apply the animation to , .fademe
make a setTimeout(function() to delay the removeClass for the duration of the animation 1.5s or 1500ms
write in CSS the declaration of the animation , #keyframes, and add it to the element with the class added by the JQ .fademe.animated

$("#move-button").on("click", function(){
$("#ship").removeClass("moving");
$("#ship")[0].offsetWidth = $("#ship")[0].offsetWidth;
$("#ship").addClass("moving");
});//
#ship
{
background: green;
color: #fff;
height: 60px;
line-height: 60px;
text-align: center;
width: 100px;
}
#move-button
{
margin-top: 20px;
}
#ship.moving
{
animation: moving 2s ease;
}
#keyframes moving
{
0%{ transform: translate(0px);}
50%{ transform: translate(20px);}
100%{ transform: translate(0px);}
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="ship">Ship</div>
<button id="move-button">Push</button>

If you want to make the animation happen and always end before allowing the event listener to trigger it again, I would suggest to control the behaviour like this:
// Add this to your event listener
if (!element.classList.contains("myClass")) {
element.className = "myClass";
setTimeout(function() {
element.classList.remove("myClass");
}, 1000); //At least the time the animation lasts
}

There is a toggle method that works just fine for this, hope it helps:
function Fade() {
document.getElementById("box").classList.toggle("animate");
}
#box {
background-color: black;
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
}
.animate {
animation: fademe 0.5s;
}
#keyframes fademe {
from {
opacity: 1;
}
to {
opacity: 0;
}
}
<html>
<head>
<title>
Animation Trigger
</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box"></div>
<button onclick="Fade()"> Fade above Box</button>
</body>

Related

Setting element to visible does not run css animation

I have the following html code
var feedback = document.getElementById('openNotification');
feedback.addEventListener('click', function (){
a = document.getElementById("notification");
a.style.visibility = "visible";
});
#notification {
position: fixed;
z-index: 101;
bottom: 0;
transform: translateY(calc(100% + 10px));
left: 10vw;
right: 10vw;
text-align: center;
height: 20vh;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #ededed;
color: #000;
}
#keyframes slideUp {
0% { transform: translateY(calc(100% + 10px)); }
100% { transform: translateY(0); }
}
#notification {
animation: slideUp 2.5s ease forwards;
}
<button id="openNotification">
Open notification
</button>
<!--If I remove the (style="visibility: hidden;") the animation works as expected-->
<div id="notification" style="visibility: hidden;">
121
</div>
The CSS for this div contains "transform" code to make the notification slide up the screen...
When I run the following code in a setTimeout function the notification simply appears on the screen and does not slide up as it should.
a = document.getElementById("notification");
a.style.visibility = "visible";
How do I fix this?
On further testing I can see that the animation code seems to be running from the moment the code is loaded. I assume I need to somehow change this behaviour so the animation code is kicked off by the setTimout function or in this case the button click. Any examples on how to do this?
The animation takes place but as it only lasts a short time, by the time you come to push the button it has finished, and you then make the thing visible.
Instead we remove the animation from the initial state of the element and add it (by adding a class in this case) only when you click the button.
Note: if you want this to be repeatable you will have to include sensing the animationend event and removing the slide class at that point. Otherwise the system will think it's done the animation and needn't do it again.
var feedback = document.getElementById('openNotification');
feedback.addEventListener('click', function (){
a = document.getElementById("notification");
a.style.visibility = "visible";
a.classList.add('slide');
});
#notification {
position: fixed;
z-index: 101;
bottom: 0;
transform: translateY(calc(100% + 10px));
left: 10vw;
right: 10vw;
text-align: center;
height: 20vh;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #ededed;
color: #000;
}
#keyframes slideUp {
0% { transform: translateY(calc(100% + 10px)); }
100% { transform: translateY(0); }
}
#notification.slide {
animation: slideUp 2.5s ease forwards;
}
<button id="openNotification">
Open notification
</button>
<!--If I remove the (style="visibility: hidden;") the animation works as expected-->
<div id="notification" style="visibility: hidden;">
121
</div>

Blink notification/confirmation with JS/jQuery

When I click a certain element, I would like to see a confirm appear and fade out. I have achieved this with the below code, but I am not 100% happy, because it cannot be used quickly twice in a row. I need to wait for the text to disappear (and reappear while hidden) before clicking again. There must be a better way to do this kind of magic.
Here is what I did:
$(".hello").click(function() {
var element = $(".conf");
blink(element);
setTimeout(function() {
reset(element);
}, 2000);
});
function blink(element, callback) {
element.css('visibility', 'visible');
element.css('opacity', '0');
}
function reset(element) {
element.css('visibility', 'hidden');
element.css('opacity', '1');
}
.hello {
visibility: visible;
transition: opacity 1s;
}
.conf {
visibility: hidden;
opacity: 1;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: lime;
color: black;
transition: opacity 1s;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<span class="hello">hello</span>
<span class="conf">confirmation</span>
To fix the issue you can hide the element using display: none, then show() it on click and immediately fade it out. If you also call stop() on each event you will stop the fadeOut() animation and set the element back to a fully visible state. Try this:
$(".hello").click(function() {
$(".conf").stop(true, true).show().fadeOut(1000);
});
.hello {
visibility: visible;
transition: opacity 1s;
}
.conf {
display: none;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: lime;
color: black;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<span class="hello">hello</span>
<span class="conf">confirmation</span>

Fade the same image in and out in one line of CSS automatically

I have an image that I want to fade in and out automatically. I've read about transitions and animations and would like to use one or two styles (not style declarations). It's OK to start the animation via JavaScript.
In this example on MDN you can see that the items are animated on page load by switching classes. I would like it to be simpler than that.
Here is what I have so far and it seems like it should work but it's not.
function updateTransition(id) {
var myElement = document.getElementById(id);
var opacity = myElement.style.opacity;
if (opacity==null || opacity=="") opacity = 1;
myElement.style.opacity = opacity==0 && opacity!="" ? 1 : 0;
}
var id = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 5000, "myElement");
updateTransition("myElement");
#myElement {
background-color:#f3f3f3;
width:100px;
height:100px;
top:40px;
left:40px;
font-family: sans-serif;
position: relative;
animation: opacity 3s linear 1s infinite alternate;
}
<div id="myElement"></div>
Also, here is an example of an animation on infinite loop using a slide animation (3 example in the list). I'd like the same but with opacity.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation
The linked question is not the same as this. As I stated, "single line styles (not style declarations)".
What you need is to define your animation using keyframes. If you are trying to apply multiple animations, you can provide a list of parameters to the animation CSS properites. Here's an example that applies a slide in and fade animation.
.fade {
width:100px;
height:100px;
background-color:red;
position:relative;
animation-name:fadeinout, slidein;
animation-duration:2s, 1s;
animation-iteration-count:infinite, 1;
animation-direction:alternate, normal;
}
#keyframes fadeinout {
0% {
opacity:0
}
100% {
opacity:100
}
}
#keyframes slidein {
from {
left:-100px;
}
to {
left:0px;
}
}
<div class='fade'>
</div>
You can use animation-iteration-count :
#myElement {
background-color: #f3f3f3;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
top: 40px;
left: 40px;
font-family: sans-serif;
position: relative;
animation: slidein 2s linear alternate;
animation-iteration-count: infinite;
}
#keyframes slidein {
0% {
opacity: 0;
left: -100px;
}
50% {
opacity: 1;
left: 40px;
}
100% {
opacity: 0;
left: -100px;
}
}
<div id="myElement"></div>

Fade In and Out on Button Click

The CSS styling for this fade in and out animation seems fine, but it is not reusable with javascript. Once the function performs once, it can not be triggered by button onClick again, what is the way around this?
//removeClass
//addClass
.elementToFadeInAndOut {
width:200px;
height: 200px;
background: red;
-webkit-animation: fadeinout 4s linear forwards;
animation: fadeinout 4s linear forwards;
opacity: 0;
}
#-webkit-keyframes fadeinout {
50% { opacity: 1; }
}
#keyframes fadeinout {
50% { opacity: 1; }
}
<button onClick="animationfunction()">Button</button>
<div id="icon" class="elementToFadeInAndOut"></div>
You only need to have the button click add the class membership, wait until the animation is complete and then remove the class.
var div = document.querySelector(".fade");
var btn = document.querySelector(".fadeButton");
btn.addEventListener("click", function(){
div.classList.add("elementToFadeInAndOut");
// Wait until the animation is over and then remove the class, so that
// the next click can re-add it.
setTimeout(function(){div.classList.remove("elementToFadeInAndOut");}, 4000);
});
.fade{
width:200px;
height: 200px;
background: red;
opacity:0;
}
.elementToFadeInAndOut {
animation: fadeInOut 4s linear forwards;
}
#keyframes fadeInOut {
0% { opacity:0; }
50% { opacity:1; }
100% { opacity:0; }
}
<button class="fadeButton">Button</button>
<div class="fade"></div>
The best way is to use jQuery for functions
here is the code for fade in and out effect for toggle button.
you can adjust the time by changing that (1000) in jQuery Thank you
$(document).ready(function(){
$('button.btn').click(function(){
$("div.elementToFadeInAndOut").fadeOut(1000);
$("div.elementToFadeInAndOut").fadeIn(1000);
});
});
.elementToFadeInAndOut {
width:200px;
height: 200px;
background: red;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<button class="btn">Button</button>
<div class="elementToFadeInAndOut"></div>

Restart animation in CSS3: any better way than removing the element?

I have a CSS3 animation that needs to be restarted on a click. It's a bar showing how much time is left. I'm using the scaleY(0) transform to create the effect.
Now I need to restart the animation by restoring the bar to scaleY(1) and let it go to scaleY(0) again.
My first attempt to set scaleY(1) failed because it takes the same 15 seconds to bring it back to full length. Even if I change the duration to 0.1 second, I would need to delay or chain the assignment of scaleY(0) to let the bar replenishment complete.
It feels too complicated for such a simple task.
I also found an interesting tip to restart the animation by removing the element from the document, and then re-inserting a clone of it:
http://css-tricks.com/restart-css-animation/
It works, but is there a better way to restart a CSS animation?
I'm using Prototype and Move.js, but I'm not restricted to them.
No need in timeout, use reflow to apply the change:
function reset_animation() {
var el = document.getElementById('animated');
el.style.animation = 'none';
el.offsetHeight; /* trigger reflow */
el.style.animation = null;
}
#animated {
position: absolute;
width: 50px; height: 50px;
background-color: black;
animation: bounce 3s ease-in-out infinite;
}
#keyframes bounce {
0% { left: 0; }
50% { left: calc( 100% - 50px ); }
100% { left: 0; }
}
<div id="animated"></div>
<button onclick="reset_animation()">Reset</button>
Just set the animation property via JavaScript to "none" and then set a timeout that changes the property to "", so it inherits from the CSS again.
Demo for Webkit here: http://jsfiddle.net/leaverou/xK6sa/
However, keep in mind that in real world usage, you should also include -moz- (at least).
#ZachB's answer about the Web Animation API seems like "right"™ way to do this, but unfortunately seems to require that you define your animations through JavaScript. However it caught my eye and I found something related that's useful:
Element.getAnimations() and Document.getAnimations()
The support for them is pretty good as of 2021.
In my case, I wanted to restart all the animations on the page at the same time, so all I had to do was this:
const replayAnimations = () => {
document.getAnimations().forEach((anim) => {
anim.cancel();
anim.play();
});
};
But in most cases people will probably want to select which animation they restart...
getAnimations returns a bunch of CSSAnimation and CSSTransition objects that look like this:
animationName: "fade"
currentTime: 1500
effect: KeyframeEffect
composite: "replace"
pseudoElement: null
target: path.line.yellow
finished: Promise {<fulfilled>: CSSAnimation}
playState: "finished"
ready: Promise {<fulfilled>: CSSAnimation}
replaceState: "active"
timeline: DocumentTimeline {currentTime: 135640.502}
# ...etc
So you could use the animationName and target properties to select just the animations you want (albeit a little circuitously).
EDIT
Here's a handy function that might be more compatible using just Document.getAnimations, with TypeScript thrown in for demonstration/fun:
// restart animations on a given dom element
const restartAnimations = (element: Element): void => {
for (const animation of document.getAnimations()) {
if (element.contains((animation.effect as KeyframeEffect).target)) {
animation.cancel();
animation.play();
}
}
};
Implement the animation as a CSS descriptor
Add the descriptor to an element to start the animation
Use a animationend event handler function to remove the descriptor when the animation completes so that it will be ready to be added again next time you want to restart the animation.
HTML
<div id="animatedText">
Animation happens here
</div>
<script>
function startanimation(element) {
element.classList.add("animateDescriptor");
element.addEventListener( "animationend", function() {
element.classList.remove("animateDescriptor");
} );
}
</script>
<button onclick="startanimation(
document.getElementById('animatedText') )">
Click to animate above text
</button>
CSS
#keyframes fadeinout {
from { color: #000000; }
25% {color: #0000FF; }
50% {color: #00FF00; }
75% {color: #FF0000; }
to { color : #000000; }
}
.animateDescriptor {
animation: fadeinout 1.0s;
}
Try it here: jsfiddle
If you have a class for CSS3 animation, for example .blink, then you can removeClass for some element and addClass for this element thought setTimeout with 1 millisecond by click.
$("#element").click(function(){
$(this).removeClass("blink");
setTimeout(function(){
$(this).addClass("blink);
},1 // it may be only 1 millisecond, but it's enough
});
You can also use display property, just set the display to none.
display:none;
and the change backs it to block (or any other property you want).
display:block;
using JavaScript.
and it will work amazingly.
The Animation API gives you full control over when and what to play, and is supported by all modern browsers (Safari 12.1+, Chrome 44+, Firefox 48+, Edge 79+) .
const effect = new KeyframeEffect(
el, // Element to animate
[ // Keyframes
{transform: "translateY(0%)"},
{transform: "translateY(100%)"}
],
{duration: 3000, direction: "alternate", easing: "linear"} // Keyframe settings
);
const animation = new Animation(effect, document.timeline);
animation.play();
Demo: https://jsfiddle.net/cstz9L8v/
References:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyframeEffect/KeyframeEffect
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Animation
There is an answer on MDN, which is similar to the reflow approach:
<div class="box">
</div>
<div class="runButton">Click me to run the animation</div>
#keyframes colorchange {
0% { background: yellow }
100% { background: blue }
}
.box {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
.changing {
animation: colorchange 2s;
}
function play() {
document.querySelector(".box").className = "box";
window.requestAnimationFrame(function(time) {
window.requestAnimationFrame(function(time) {
document.querySelector(".box").className = "box changing";
});
});
}
If you create two identical sets of keyframes, you can "restart" the animation by swapping between them:
function restart_animation(element) {
element.classList.toggle('alt')
}
#keyframes spin1 {
to { transform: rotateY(360deg); }
}
#keyframes spin2 {
to { transform: rotateY(360deg); }
}
.spin {
animation-name: spin1;
animation-duration: 2s;
}
.alt {
animation-name: spin2;
}
div {
width: 100px;
background: #8CF;
padding: 5px;
}
<div id=_square class=spin>
<button onclick="restart_animation(_square)">
Click to restart animation
</button>
</div>
On this page you can read about restarting the element animation: Restart CSS Animation (CSS Tricks)
Here is my example:
<head>
<style>
#keyframes selectss
{
0%{opacity: 0.7;transform:scale(1);}
100%{transform:scale(2);opacity: 0;}
}
</style>
<script>
function animation()
{
var elm = document.getElementById('circle');
elm.style.animation='selectss 2s ease-out';
var newone = elm.cloneNode(true);
elm.parentNode.replaceChild(newone, elm);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="circle" style="height: 280px;width: 280px;opacity: 0;background-color: aqua;border-radius: 500px;"></div>
<button onclick="animation()"></button>
</body>
But if you want to you can just remove the element animation and then return it:
function animation()
{
var elm = document.getElementById('circle');
elm.style.animation='';
setTimeout(function () {elm.style.animation='selectss 2s ease-out';},10)
}
setInterval(() => {
$('#XMLID_640_').css('animation', 'none')
setTimeout(() => {
$('#XMLID_640_').css('animation', '')
}, 3000)
}, 13000)
Create a second "keyframe#" which restarts you animation, only problem with this you cannot set any animation properties for the restarting animation (it just kinda pops back)
HTML
<div class="slide">
Some text..............
<div id="slide-anim"></div>
</div><br>
<button onclick="slider()"> Animation </button>
<button id="anim-restart"> Restart Animation </button>
<script>
var animElement = document.getElementById('slide-anim');
document.getElementById('anim-restart').addEventListener("mouseup", restart_slider);
function slider() {
animElement.style.animationName = "slider"; // other animation properties are specified in CSS
}
function restart_slider() {
animElement.style.animation = "slider-restart";
}
</script>
CSS
.slide {
position: relative;
border: 3px black inset;
padding: 3px;
width: auto;
overflow: hidden;
}
.slide div:first-child {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: url(wood.jpg) repeat-x;
left: 0%;
top: 0%;
animation-duration: 2s;
animation-delay: 250ms;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(.33,.99,1,1);
}
#keyframes slider {
to {left: 100%;}
}
#keyframes slider-restart {
to {left: 0%;}
}
Note that with React, clearing the animation like this, a codesandbox I found helps.
Example I used in my code:
function MyComponent() {
const [shouldTransition, setShouldTransition] = useState(true);
useEffect(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
// in my code, I change a background image here, and call this hook restart then animation,
// which first clears the animationName
setShouldTransition(false);
}, timeout * 1000);
}, [curr]);
useEffect(() => {
// then restore the animation name after it was cleared
if (shouldTransition === false) {
setShouldTransition(true);
}
}, [shouldTransition]);
return (
<div
ref={ref2}
style={{
animationName: shouldTransition ? "zoomin" : "",
}}
/>
);
}
I found out a simple solution today. Using the example provided in this answer, you can just append the element again to the body:
function resetAnimation() {
let element = document.getElementById('animated');
document.body.append(element);
}
#animated {
position: absolute;
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
background-color: LightSalmon;
animation: bounce 3s ease-in-out infinite;
}
#keyframes bounce {
0% {left: 0;}
50% {left: calc(100% - 50px);}
100% {left: 0;}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<div id="animated"></div>
<button onclick="resetAnimation()">Reset</button>
</body>
</html>
Using Chrome's developer tools, the append does not actually append the element to the body and just replace it, probably because the same reference to the element is used.

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