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Live Streaming to Browser

I'm a bit at my wits end here.
I want to stream a live video broadcast to a web browser.
Currently I use ffmpeg to stream a directshow live source as a webm stream to node.js which then forwards the stream to the http request from the <video> element. So far everything works.
live source -> ffmpeg -> POST [webm] -> node.js -> GET [webm] -> video tag
My problem is that the source clock and the web clients clock doesn't exactly match each other (not that surprising). For video this is not a problem, dropping or duplicating a frame every now and then is not noticeable. However, with audio it is another issue. From what I've been able to figure out so far Chrome (or any other browser) does not perform any form of audio resampling compensation (e.g. swr_set_compensation from ffmpeg) to compensate this mismatch. Instead I get quite audible audio distortions (a loud beep) when the playback buffer runs out of samples.
My question is whether it is possible to achieve proper playback (with audio) of a live source in a web browser?
I haven't tried using silverlight or flash for playback yet. Would that possibly work better?

Live media (audio or/and video) streaming to a web browser has been possible for a couple of years though it is still making progress as of today. It is the next big thing for media on the web and many platforms like Youtube are already on board.
A typical live media streaming scenario is:
audio/video feed > transcoding > streaming > player
At each step you have several technological possibilities available. However I should already mention here that the road to live media streaming is paved with proprietary technologies.
audio/video feed: either raw or very lightly compressed media format and cannot be uploaded as such to the Internet. You need to transcode it. You may have to use a grabbing device like a PCI Express card or USB/thunderbolt device to get your cam onto a computer.
transcoding: you have software (ffmpeg, Flash media live encoder, Wirecast) or hardware solutions (streamingmedia.com has a wealth of information on the subject like here). H264/AAC is the current media professional standard and streams are often transcoded to multiple renditions (bitrate) to suit different network conditions.
streaming: you most likely need to target multiple devices to deliver your live stream. Not all devices support the same streaming protocol. HLS works on Apple devices and Android > 4.1. HDS or RTMP works in Flash, Smooth streaming in Silverlight. You cannot reach all devices with one protocol so in this case you would need a streaming server like Wowza or Red5. A streaming server take as an input a transcoded live stream and prepare it for cross device delivery while sustaining a massive number of simultaneous connections (over a thousand is not uncommon nowadays). It can also add functionalities like DVR or DRM. As of today the effort is around HTTP adaptive bitrate delivery. Large companies add CDN support for global delivery.
player: to display your live stream with various options like custom layout, closed captions, ads, chat module and more. Flash has been leading the market up until now for live media streaming on desktop. You can use HTML5 video for iOS and Android where HLS is supported.
Coming in fast is MPEG DASH and it works live with HTML5 video. There is a JS lib that supports live. I have tested it and it works though I may not use it for a production case scenario just yet as it is still a bit clunky (on demand support is better) and browser support is narrow at the moment (As of 8/30/13, Desktop Chrome, Desktop Internet Explorer 11, and Mobile Chrome Beta for Android are the only browsers supported).
I cannot comment much on your solution because I have not used node.js for streaming but it sounds like an interesting effort. A typical solution I would use relating to your case:
Device > ffmpeg (H264/AAC) > Wowza > Hybrid player (Flash + HTML5).
Instead of Wowza you could use Red5 (free/open source - but not much activity as of late). You can also look into Nginx RTMP module which supports HLS and MPEG DASH on top of RTMP.
For flash I use Strobe from Adobe which support live streaming and is easy to set up and a fallback to HTML5 where flash is not supported. I use SWFObject lib to detect flash support and feed a HLS URL to an HTML5 video tag for mobile devices. You can use RTSP for Android < 4.1 and other mobile devices.
Another thing I should mention is real time communications. For video/audio conferencing you could have a look at WebRTC. Those 2 articles should get you on the right track. Here and here. WebRTC will work great for one to few, one to one, few to few. If you need to support more concurrent connections you can have a look at Licode or tokbox.

Recording video HTML5

I want to be able to record videos with audio using HTML and Javascript.
After some research i can get video streaming with getUserMedia. Also There is WebRTC for recording but as far as i understood its not yet implemented in desktop browsers (only mobile browsers support it). So now i can just capture video, but i cant save it to server or record it.
What other options do i have ?. Does anyone knows a good flash alternative or HTML5 alternative that allows me to capture and save video to server with audio and also has maximum time of recording

Full disclosure: I work for Ziggeo.
When it comes to WebRTC, here is the rundown for browsers supporting it:
on Chrome and Opera, you have to record audio and video separately and encode them yourself in JS; then, send them to your servers and transcode them using e.g. ffmpeg to mp4s and other target formats
on Firefox, you can get a webm object for video and audio combined and send it to your servers.
For all other browsers and older versions of the ones mentioned you'd need to fall back to Flash recording which usually is based on RTMP and flv.

HTML5 base64 encoded audio on mobile devices

I'm writing a platform with an audio playback component. Audio is uploaded to the server as an wav/mp3/ogg file, and then (like the rest of our media), converted to base64 and stored within our redis database.
To play the audio back at the client side we make an AJAX request to the server for the base64 encoded audio. We have a desktop version that compliments the mobile application, at the moment audio playback works like this:
recording.sound = new Audio("data:audio/ogg;base64," + recording.audio);
recording.sound.play(); // this works
Today we started our tests on mobile devices, and have so far been unable to get it working, even on mobile browsers that apparently support HTML5 audio.
Any ideas? Or if this is not possible, is there a different approach we can take? Ideally there should be a mobile compatible version of the web app, and there has to be a phonegap version.

The reason might not be a technical one here, from Apple developer site:
In Safari on iOS (for all devices, including iPad), where the user may be on a cellular network and be charged per data unit, preload and autoplay are disabled. No data is loaded until the user initiates it. This means the JavaScript play() and load() methods are also inactive until the user initiates playback, unless the play() or load() method is triggered by user action. In other words, a user-initiated Play button works, but an onLoad="play()" event does not.
same applies to Android devices.
read more here: Safari HTML5 Audio and Video Guide

But „audio/wav“ doesn't exist. See spec here: http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/audio
You should use „audio/vnd.dts“ for .wav file, „audio/mpeg“ for .mp3 file and „audio/ogg“ for .ogg file...
OK, try StackOverflow search, see:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=audio+codec+support+mobile+devices+html5
or https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=audio+codec+support+mobile+devices+html
or try Google
Some search results, that might be useful:
In search for a library that knows to detect support for specific Audio Video format files
or html5 vs flash - full comparison chart anywhere?

HTML5 Audio Mixing

I would like to make a web application where people can add recorded sounds and samples to a timeline.
I want it to output 1 soundfile (approximately 3min long) which will be send to the server.
Now I would like to do this with the HTML5 Audio API and found out that I could do this with the AudioContext But Audiocontext is only supported in chrome.
Now I do dislike flash and I wanted to ask if there is any way to do this with HTML5 with decent browser support (so newest Chrome, IE and Firefox).
Some thoughts:
I could record audio using the HTML5 audio API and the user can add it to the timeline. When finished the client will upload all the audio files to the server including the location on the timetable. The server can combine the audio files to make it one file. Now this is an solution, but I would prefer to do this kind of work on the client side

At the moment in my opinion it is not possible (if it should be html5 and supported by IE and Firefox), see the List of Browser that Support the Audio API
Browsers with Audio API Support. But this Information could be outdated already.(these Browsers update so frequently)
You could wait, first serve only Chrome and hope the other Browser, catch up(IE might be a problem). Or you use Java (if you dont like flash). The other technologie out there is Silverlight, but it is "dead", so i wouldn't recommend it.
I hope my input helps a bit.

Javascript player for web video streaming compatible with iPad, iPhone, etc

I'm looking for a web video player with which I can keep the full compatibility with iOS devices: iPad, iPhone, etc (so I would exclude all Flash video players).
Until now I've used Flowplayer but I have some problems:
the main problem is that using flv files I can start very fastly to play the video but I don't have any compatibility with iOS devices. Instead, using mp4 files, I have the full compatibility with iOS devices but before playing the video I have to wait that all content of the file has been loaded (few minutes).
So my question is: does it exist a video format that allows me to play videos very fastly and also compatible also with iOS devices?

Not talking about HTML5 just yet, lets assume you are first interested in supporting most users and legacy devices. Unless you are using an embedded player, (such as Flash), there is nothing inherent in all browsers and/or JavaScript to allow you to play a video that is standardized across these devices. If you simply reference a link to the video file, you are asking the device to natively download and decode the video file. This is why it does not typically begin playing until the entire file is downloaded. This is dependent on each device having a compatible MIME encoding configured for the file type which points to a player that the browser can invoke to handle the file. When you use something like Flowplayer, usually these Flash applications can begin playing video before it is fully downloaded because it knows how to download the video from your server over HTTP and once it has received enough of the video stream (buffered the video), it can begin playing it. Currently your best option is to use something like you have been using for most devices, and have a separate link to the mp4 for iOS devices. If you just re-encode any videos you already have in FLV or whatever older formats you have been using to mp4, you should be able to play that in a current version of any Flash based player, as Flash will work with those files as well as it's legacy formats.

I've found this resource and it seems to be very good: http://code.google.com/p/php-mobile-detect/