So I was following a tutorial to build an Outlook Add-in. However, the demo does not display the body of the message.
I also learned from the doc that I can call the getAsync to access to the body but it does not work. Do I need to use async await here?
Here is the code:
function loadProps() {
$("#attachments").html(buildAttachmentsString(item.attachments));
$("#cc").html(buildEmailAddressesString(item.cc));
$("#conversationId").text(item.conversationId);
$("#from").html(buildEmailAddressString(item.from));
$("#internetMessageId").text(item.internetMessageId);
$("#normalizedSubject").text(item.normalizedSubject);
$("#sender").html(buildEmailAddressString(item.sender));
$("#subject").text(item.subject);
$("#to").html(buildEmailAddressesString(item.to));
$("#body").text(buildEmailBodyString()); //async function
}
function buildEmailBodyString() {
Office.context.mailbox.item.body.getAsync(Office.CoercionType.Text, function callback(resText) {
return resText.value;
});
}
Your issue is that your buildEmailBodyString fires off getAsync and exists immediately. It isn't returning restText.value from the function because the function already existed.
function buildEmailBodyString() {
// 1. Fires function
Office.context.mailbox.item.body.getAsync(Office.CoercionType.Text, function callback(resText) {
// 3. returns a value to nothing
return resText.value;
});
// 2. Exits function
}
One solution here would be to set $("#body") from within the callback:
function buildEmailBodyString() {
Office.context.mailbox.item.body.getAsync(Office.CoercionType.Text, function callback(resText) {
$("#body").text(resText.value);
});
}
You could also drop buildEmailBodyString entirely and call it within loadProps directory. This would simplify the code so it's a bit easier grok down the road:
function loadProps() {
$("#attachments").html(buildAttachmentsString(item.attachments));
$("#cc").html(buildEmailAddressesString(item.cc));
$("#conversationId").text(item.conversationId);
$("#from").html(buildEmailAddressString(item.from));
$("#internetMessageId").text(item.internetMessageId);
$("#normalizedSubject").text(item.normalizedSubject);
$("#sender").html(buildEmailAddressString(item.sender));
$("#subject").text(item.subject);
$("#to").html(buildEmailAddressesString(item.to));
// Retrieve Email Body
Office.context.mailbox.item.body.getAsync(Office.CoercionType.Text, function callback(resText) {
$("#body").text(resText.value);
});
}
How do I pass a function as a parameter without the function executing in the "parent" function or using eval()? (Since I've read that it's insecure.)
I have this:
addContact(entityId, refreshContactList());
It works, but the problem is that refreshContactList fires when the function is called, rather than when it's used in the function.
I could get around it using eval(), but it's not the best practice, according to what I've read. How can I pass a function as a parameter in JavaScript?
You just need to remove the parenthesis:
addContact(entityId, refreshContactList);
This then passes the function without executing it first.
Here is an example:
function addContact(id, refreshCallback) {
refreshCallback();
// You can also pass arguments if you need to
// refreshCallback(id);
}
function refreshContactList() {
alert('Hello World');
}
addContact(1, refreshContactList);
If you want to pass a function, just reference it by name without the parentheses:
function foo(x) {
alert(x);
}
function bar(func) {
func("Hello World!");
}
//alerts "Hello World!"
bar(foo);
But sometimes you might want to pass a function with arguments included, but not have it called until the callback is invoked. To do this, when calling it, just wrap it in an anonymous function, like this:
function foo(x) {
alert(x);
}
function bar(func) {
func();
}
//alerts "Hello World!" (from within bar AFTER being passed)
bar(function(){ foo("Hello World!") });
If you prefer, you could also use the apply function and have a third parameter that is an array of the arguments, like such:
function eat(food1, food2) {
alert("I like to eat " + food1 + " and " + food2 );
}
function myFunc(callback, args) {
//do stuff
//...
//execute callback when finished
callback.apply(this, args);
}
//alerts "I like to eat pickles and peanut butter"
myFunc(eat, ["pickles", "peanut butter"]);
Example 1:
funct("z", function (x) { return x; });
function funct(a, foo){
foo(a) // this will return a
}
Example 2:
function foodemo(value){
return 'hello '+value;
}
function funct(a, foo){
alert(foo(a));
}
//call funct
funct('world!',foodemo); //=> 'hello world!'
look at this
To pass the function as parameter, simply remove the brackets!
function ToBeCalled(){
alert("I was called");
}
function iNeedParameter( paramFunc) {
//it is a good idea to check if the parameter is actually not null
//and that it is a function
if (paramFunc && (typeof paramFunc == "function")) {
paramFunc();
}
}
//this calls iNeedParameter and sends the other function to it
iNeedParameter(ToBeCalled);
The idea behind this is that a function is quite similar to a variable. Instead of writing
function ToBeCalled() { /* something */ }
you might as well write
var ToBeCalledVariable = function () { /* something */ }
There are minor differences between the two, but anyway - both of them are valid ways to define a function.
Now, if you define a function and explicitly assign it to a variable, it seems quite logical, that you can pass it as parameter to another function, and you don't need brackets:
anotherFunction(ToBeCalledVariable);
There is a phrase amongst JavaScript programmers: "Eval is Evil" so try to avoid it at all costs!
In addition to Steve Fenton's answer, you can also pass functions directly.
function addContact(entity, refreshFn) {
refreshFn();
}
function callAddContact() {
addContact("entity", function() { DoThis(); });
}
I chopped all my hair off with that issue. I couldn't make the examples above working, so I ended like :
function foo(blabla){
var func = new Function(blabla);
func();
}
// to call it, I just pass the js function I wanted as a string in the new one...
foo("alert('test')");
And that's working like a charm ... for what I needed at least. Hope it might help some.
I suggest to put the parameters in an array, and then split them up using the .apply() function. So now we can easily pass a function with lots of parameters and execute it in a simple way.
function addContact(parameters, refreshCallback) {
refreshCallback.apply(this, parameters);
}
function refreshContactList(int, int, string) {
alert(int + int);
console.log(string);
}
addContact([1,2,"str"], refreshContactList); //parameters should be putted in an array
You can also use eval() to do the same thing.
//A function to call
function needToBeCalled(p1, p2)
{
alert(p1+"="+p2);
}
//A function where needToBeCalled passed as an argument with necessary params
//Here params is comma separated string
function callAnotherFunction(aFunction, params)
{
eval(aFunction + "("+params+")");
}
//A function Call
callAnotherFunction("needToBeCalled", "10,20");
That's it. I was also looking for this solution and tried solutions provided in other answers but finally got it work from above example.
Here it's another approach :
function a(first,second)
{
return (second)(first);
}
a('Hello',function(e){alert(e+ ' world!');}); //=> Hello world
In fact, seems like a bit complicated, is not.
get method as a parameter:
function JS_method(_callBack) {
_callBack("called");
}
You can give as a parameter method:
JS_method(function (d) {
//Finally this will work.
alert(d)
});
The other answers do an excellent job describing what's going on, but one important "gotcha" is to make sure that whatever you pass through is indeed a reference to a function.
For instance, if you pass through a string instead of a function you'll get an error:
function function1(my_function_parameter){
my_function_parameter();
}
function function2(){
alert('Hello world');
}
function1(function2); //This will work
function1("function2"); //This breaks!
See JsFiddle
Some time when you need to deal with event handler so need to pass event too as an argument , most of the modern library like react, angular might need this.
I need to override OnSubmit function(function from third party library) with some custom validation on reactjs and I passed the function and event both like below
ORIGINALLY
<button className="img-submit" type="button" onClick=
{onSubmit}>Upload Image</button>
MADE A NEW FUNCTION upload and called passed onSubmit and event as arguments
<button className="img-submit" type="button" onClick={this.upload.bind(this,event,onSubmit)}>Upload Image</button>
upload(event,fn){
//custom codes are done here
fn(event);
}
By using ES6:
const invoke = (callback) => {
callback()
}
invoke(()=>{
console.log("Hello World");
})
If you can pass your whole function as string, this code may help you.
convertToFunc( "runThis('Micheal')" )
function convertToFunc( str) {
new Function( str )()
}
function runThis( name ){
console.log("Hello", name) // prints Hello Micheal
}
You can use a JSON as well to store and send JS functions.
Check the following:
var myJSON =
{
"myFunc1" : function (){
alert("a");
},
"myFunc2" : function (functionParameter){
functionParameter();
}
}
function main(){
myJSON.myFunc2(myJSON.myFunc1);
}
This will print 'a'.
The following has the same effect with the above:
var myFunc1 = function (){
alert('a');
}
var myFunc2 = function (functionParameter){
functionParameter();
}
function main(){
myFunc2(myFunc1);
}
Which is also has the same effect with the following:
function myFunc1(){
alert('a');
}
function myFunc2 (functionParameter){
functionParameter();
}
function main(){
myFunc2(myFunc1);
}
And a object paradigm using Class as object prototype:
function Class(){
this.myFunc1 = function(msg){
alert(msg);
}
this.myFunc2 = function(callBackParameter){
callBackParameter('message');
}
}
function main(){
var myClass = new Class();
myClass.myFunc2(myClass.myFunc1);
}
I'm working on a big project and I simplified what it matters here. This is the code:
a = new Thing(/*sayHi + sayHey*/);
function sayHi() {
alert("hi");
}
function sayHey() {
alert("hey");
}
function Thing (callback) {
callback();
}
I'd like to, with just the callback parameter, call both the sayHi() and the sayHey() function, at the order I put them. Is it possible? How would I do it? Thank you.
Pass an anonymous function that calls both of them sequentially:
a = new Thing(function() {
sayHi();
sayHey();
});
function sayHi() {
alert("hi");
}
function sayHey() {
alert("hey");
}
function Thing (callback) {
callback();
}
Alternatively to #Barnar's answer, create and pass a regular named function. If the callback logic gets heavier, you might want that anyway.
function hiHeyCallback() {
sayHi();
sayHey();
}
a = new Thing(hiHeyCallback);
Ok so lets say I have this function:
function a(message) {
alert(message);
}
And I want to have a callback after the alert window is shown. Something like this:
a("Hi.", function() {});
I'm not sure how to have a callback inside of the function I call like that.
(I'm just using the alert window as an example)
Thanks!
There's no special syntax for callbacks, just pass the callback function and call it inside your function.
function a(message, cb) {
console.log(message); // log to the console of recent Browsers
cb();
}
a("Hi.", function() {
console.log("After hi...");
});
Output:
Hi.
After hi...
You can add a if statement to check whether you add a callback function or not. So you can use the function also without a callback.
function a(message, cb) {
alert(message);
if (typeof cb === "function") {
cb();
}
}
Here is the code that will alert first and then second. I hope this is what you asked.
function basic(callback) {
alert("first...");
var a = "second...";
callback(a);
}
basic(function (abc) {
alert(abc);
});
I'm looking to pass an anonymous function to another function, but it doesn't seem to be working as I'd like.
I've attached the code, I think it'd give you a better idea what I'd to do.
How do I successfully pass a function as an argument, and then invoke it?
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
function do_work(success) {
success;
}
do_work(function () {
alert("hello")
});
</script>
You have to actually call the function:
function do_work(success) {
success();
}
The variable success is an "instance" of Function, so you can also call apply(), that will allow you to redefine the scope :
function do_work(success) {
var foo = {
bar : "bat"
}
success.apply(foo);
}
do_work(function () {
alert(this.bar)
});